Abstracts and Key Words

s and Key Words

· Innovations in Zhang Shiying’s Philosophy of All-Things-Are-Interconnected

HuZixin

Abstract： Zhang Siying’s philosophy of all-things-are-interconnected has attracted more and more attention of the academic circle in recent years.Positive comments come not only from philosophers，but also from aestheticians and literary critics; moreover，educators advocated that his ideas of living spheres be applied to university students’ ideological and political instruction.Scholars of different specializations have undertaken deep and detailed researches on his basic claims and their relevance to related areas.But the author thinks that current researches appear inadequate in exploring the innovations of Zhang’s philosophy.This article intends to make up for this deficiency.The author pointed out that Zhang’s philosophy of all-things-are-interconnected enjoys obvious originality，in other words，roughly speaking it has overtaken previous philosophy and become an independent thought which is both updated，insightful and inclusive.

all-things-are-interconnected; individuality; wholeness

· On Zhang Shiying’s Contributions to Hegelian Studies

LIChaojie

Abstract： Prof.Zhang Shiying’s academic career can be divided into two periods: the first of which he focuses on Hegelian and classical German philosophy，while the second of which he turns to contemporary western philosophy and comparative study between western philosophy and traditional Chinese philosophy.On the basis of the two periods，he forms a philosophical system of his own，which is both original and influential in China.After the “turn”，Prof.Zhang is not far away from the philosophy of Hegel，but brings out new vitality in the broader field of vision.In terms of the breadth，depth，achievement and influence with regard to his study of Hegel’s philosophy，Prof.Zhang is undoubtedly the most outstanding expert of Hegel in contemporary China，and has made great contributions to Hegelian studies.

Key words: Hegel; logic; philosophy of spirit; phenomenology of spirit; classical German philosophy

· On Concrete Philosophy

H.Marcuse

Abstract： As a way of revealing truth，philosophical thinking is a prominent form of human existence.It focuses not only on neutral，theorized abstract truths，but also on the historical concrete truths which are associated with human beings.The concrete philosophy takes the realistic human existence as the starting point and the ending point，and highlights its historicity and synchronicity.The mission of concrete philosophy is the concretion，historicization and popularization of philosophy; this philosophy plays an important role in the field of practice.It must be recognized that there is no contradiction between the individuality and sociality of human existence.Sociality is the concrete，historical way in which individual exists，and the concrete individual can only live in a certain social situation.Only through the concrete philosophy we can actively involve ourselves in the real situation and difficulties of life，take the life into the truth，make the philosophical concept vivid，then the unity of theory and practice can become a reality，and philosophy will restore its name of “first science”.

Key words: concrete philosophy; existence; historicity; synchronicity; sociality

· How is Transcendental Pragmatics Possible? Apel on Ultimate Foundation

LUOYaling

Abstract： The core question of Apel’s Philosophy is about the final foundation of human reason and moral obligation.By addressing this question，Apel demonstrates his insight of the contemporary development of philosophy and the problems of our time.It also indicates his intention and effort to maintain the idea of a unitary reason.His theory of transcendental pragmatics tries to accomplish transcendental foundation with the help of insights from pragmatics.By focusing on the two main conceptions，i.e.，the conception of the apriority of the communicative community and the conception of the self-reflection on transcendental pragmatics，this article analyzes the related debates between Apel and Habermas to show the main approach，the structure of and the difficulties in Apel’s final foundation of transcendental pragmatics.

Key words: final foundation; apriority of communicative community; self-reflection of transcendental pragmatics; sense criticism; performative self-contradiction

· The Origin of Zhang Taiyan’s Sinological Studies in Eastern Learning

SHIShaobo

Abstract： Zhang Taiyan’s “Guoxue”(Sinology) is closely related with the academic research of modern Japanese Meiji period since it has deep roots in the general Japanese modern academic called “Dongxue”(Eastern Learning).Zhang Taiyan went to Japan many times.He read a large number of Japanese books，and learned about Meiji thoughts in Japan from which he absorbed different kinds of modern western thoughts.But in the period of “Minbao”，Zhang Taiyan changed his attitude and turned to criticize modern western thought.Thus，Zhang Taiyan’s “sinology” is the regression from accepting to rejecting western thoughts through the medium of Meiji thoughts.However，it is not to return to the classical Chinese culture，but to rediscover the inherent spirit in Chinese traditional culture，by means of his absorption and criticism of modern western thought.

Key words：Zhang Taiyan; sinology; eastern learning

· Gesture，Symbol and Role Interactions: On the Reconstruction of Mead’s Theory of Communicative Action in his Social Psychology

LINYuanze

Abstract： This paper aims to examine Mead’s social psychology in two parts.Firstly，by way of reconstruction of role theory，I will try to explain that Mead’s ontogenetic description of children’s learning process of socialization inMind，SelfandSocietyshould be considered as an illustration of how human’s communicative structure can make a foundation for understanding meaning，socialized construction of personality，and society’s functional differentiation and integration.Secondly，through Tugendhat’s criticism and Habermas’ reconstruction，I will expound how these three communicative structures in Mead’s theory—gesture-mediated，symbol-mediated and role-mediated interactions—can help us to resolve some important philosophical problems in linguistics，psychology and sociology.

Key words: George Herbert Mead; social psychology; role theory; theory of meaning; theory of communicative action

· “Community of Shared Destiny” and “Cooperation for Co-prosperity” as Philosophical Concepts

NIPeimin

Abstract： China’s new “one belt one road initiative” should not be understood simply in terms of economic development or geo-political maneuver.Its underlying principle expressed through the concepts of “community of shared destiny” and “cooperation for co-prosperity” is imbedded both in traditional Chinese culture and in the ideal of communism originally envisioned by Karl Marx.The holistic way of thinking and the bio-generative model of causation entailed in the principle not only do not contradict the rights and interests of each person，but ultimately guarantees them.Properly implementing the principle into practice can hopefully generate a world order radically different from the current one which is filled with conflicts due to the domination of individualistic philosophical approach.History has bestowed this opportunity and responsibility to China.

Key words: community of shared destiny; cooperation for co-prosperity; one belt one road; silk world order; causation; prisoner’s dilemma

· To Begin withTheConsolationsofPhilosophy

XIEDikun

Abstract： This paper expounds the author’s understanding of philosophy of life by conversation，emphasizing that philosophy of life is not equal to philosophy of leisure.Philosophy should not only teach people the wisdom of living，but also guide people how to face disaster and settle down.This is the fundamental as well as the development trend of philosophy.

Key words: philosophy of life; the role of philosophy; the will of existence; the progress of philosophy

· Unity without Identity: A New Look at Material Constitution

LynneRudderBaker

Abstract： On the question of relation betweenDavidandMarbleor mind and body，the conventional view is either identity theory or dualism.Material constitution category，as a relation of unity without identity，helps us to choose a road of non-reductive materialism.On the one hand，according to the modal argument，the constituted thing is not necessarily identical with the constituting thing，because the constitution view insists externalism on the nature of constituted things.On the other hand，through “two-way” borrowing or deriving，things with constitutional relation share most of properties but modal properties.So they are not separate but unified.Constitution as a new philosophical category is significant in Metaphysics and Philosophy of Mind.

Key words: material constitution; identity; separate; unity; borrowing property

· Holism and Under-determination

XIONGWenxian;YUGuofei

Abstract： The Duhem-Quine thesis about holism is always confused with the under-determination thesis，or treated as a doctrine lending credence to it.However，there are two different theses of under-determination: (1) the under-determination thesis of “l(fā)ocal theory”; (2) the under-determination thesis of “total science”.There is a tension between holism and the under-determination thesis of “l(fā)ocal theory”，and the version consistent to holism is the under-determination thesis of “total science”.But it doesn't mean that the under-determination thesis of “total science” can be consequence of holism.Moreover，the under-determination thesis of “total science” is a controversial thesis with semantic ambiguity.Whatever we take it to be，they imply only few epistemic consequence.

Key words: the Dehum-Quine thesis; empirical equivalence; total science; under-determination