石梁靜巖夜夜心

巫少飛

1940年7月至1942年5月，武俠小說家金庸（學名查良鏞）在衢州中學求學。當時，這所學校為避抗戰(zhàn)烽煙搬遷至衢城西鄉(xiāng)石梁。最近，筆者先后五六次走訪那里，尋覓大俠舊蹤。

手捧圍棋到石梁

1938年，金庸入讀在麗水碧湖的浙江省立聯(lián)合中學。1940年上半年，金庸因在壁報上撰文諷刺當局的學校訓育制度而被開除。

金庸事后回憶：“（我）不但失卻了繼續(xù)求學的機會，連吃飯、住宿的生活也發(fā)生問題，后來終于……進入衢州中學，那是生死系一線的大難?！慌轮卮髩毫Χ谖淖种袝乘?，這也是后來所以得到成功的一個主要關鍵?！?/p>

金庸一來到衢州中學便顯示出與眾不同。據金庸的同班同學王浩然的回憶文章：“我在這里讀書，初中接著高中。到了1940年的秋天，高中二年級開學不久，來了個插班生，住到我們宿舍。大家要知道，我們搬遷到鄉(xiāng)下學習，哪還有心思伺候琴棋書畫，但這個少年（金庸），不怕旅途勞頓，就那么捧了兩盒圍棋款款而來，真是很不尋常。”“看這少年，中等身材，天庭飽滿，方臉闊嘴，雙手捧的卻是黑白分明的兩盒圍棋。”

王浩然憶道，金庸在學校見了人，無論老師、學生還是校工，他都先點頭，然后謙和地笑，自我介紹，說是從碧湖轉學而來，姓“查”名“良鏞”。

其時的衢州中學分為初中、高中、簡師及附小，分散在石梁鎮(zhèn)和上、下靜巖村。金庸就讀的高中部設在下靜巖村。

今年82歲的下靜巖村人吳仲康接受筆者的采訪時說：“我沒聽說過金庸?！崩先苏f這話是因為他年紀小于金庸，且只上了附小，也從沒看過武俠小說。仍然健朗的吳仲康清晰記得，衢州中學的校舍有的設在老佛殿，有的設在祠堂里，更多的是把一排排的泥墻屋當作教室。

村人吳文慶帶著筆者走訪了他的老宅?！皹窍碌姆块g一般讓給老師住，樓上由學生住。我家樓上住的是女生。你們看！這上面還有當年學生留下的字呢?！边@樣的老房子，石梁還有一些。熱心的村民還一一告訴筆者：“這是衢州中學的圖書館?！薄斑@是衢州大文堂書莊?！薄斑@是聚秀堂書社?！薄老〉呐f時模樣，似乎仍能感受困苦中的遍地弦歌。

石梁一帶的炊煙人家被白云山環(huán)抱，尚屬能夠靜心學習之地。在衢州中學，金庸與王浩然及“衢州六烈士”之一的江文煥最為友善。金庸稱江文煥和王浩然為“煥哥”“浩弟”。他們三人同出同進，散步讀書。

金庸在衢州中學期間，下棋之癮不小，他甚至寄信到千里之外的桂林，求教于主持圍棋研究社的汪振雄。好在汪振雄在回信中很少談圍棋，總是勉勵金庸用功讀書。

最快樂、最難忘的時光

據筆者檢索相關檔案和資料，金庸在石梁讀書期間，各科成績都不錯。他是一名體育運動愛好者，平時最喜歡打排球，體育畢業(yè)成績是82分，軍訓成績是75.2分。在幾屆校運動會上，最后一項“高中男生武裝負重賽跑”，他總是第一個沖刺到終點。

金庸的語文成績比在碧湖讀書時要好，幾個學期的語文考試成績分別為85分、83分、88分、86分，畢業(yè)成績?yōu)?3.9分。

除了語文好，金庸的英文、地理、歷史等成績也很突出，只有圖畫、音樂弱一點。金庸的英語功課名列全班前茅，幾個學期的考試成績分別是85分、91分、91分、90分。那時候，金庸就想著“世界那么大，我想去看看”，故他的第一理想是“外交官”，以便周游世界。

筆者在衢州市檔案局查閱過金庸同班同學的所有成績，有公民、體育、國文等15門功課，平均分以六七十分居多，比如王浩然是69.5分。而金庸的成績平均82.9分，全班第一。

雖然是戰(zhàn)時，但衢州中學仍建有圖書館，且藏書頗豐。每逢禮拜六下午或禮拜天上午，學生常常到圖書館閱覽或借書還書。

衢州中學設有閱報欄，張掛有在金華出版的《東南日報》等?！稏|南日報》在浙江、江西、福建乃至中國西南地區(qū)擁有相當的影響力，其由陳向平長期主編副刊“筆壘”，與《大公報》桂林版的副刊“大公園”曾被譽為“東西雙星”。金庸是“筆壘”的忠實讀者。

衢州中學學生自治會創(chuàng)辦有一份四開的旬刊《駝鈴》，在石梁鎮(zhèn)的一間印刷作坊石印，字跡清楚，編排也很有特色，有小品、小評、小通訊、小報道、打油詩，甚至“廁所文學”，可惜只出了四期。金庸和同學游弋其間，如魚得水。

金庸說過：“在衢州中學的兩年，是我最快樂、最難忘的時光。盡管當時讀書條件很艱苦，但衢州中學的老師對我很好，學習氛圍也很濃，我受益很多。我當時在校圖書館借閱了許多書籍，特別是‘萬有文庫中的古今中外名著?！?/p>

一事能狂便少年

海寧查氏本是世家，有家學家風。金庸小時候愛好讀書習作，故而少年時即有文名。

1941年9月4日，金庸用筆名“查理”在《東南日報》“筆壘”發(fā)表文章《一事能狂便少年》，標題來自同鄉(xiāng)前輩王國維之語。惜才的陳向平乘出差到衢州之便到石梁來看看這個“查理”。年齡的差距沒有妨礙他們一見如故，陳向平指點金庸來年報考西南聯(lián)大。

1941年12月7日，金庸的《人比黃花瘦》一文再次在“筆壘”發(fā)表。他在文中批評了“一切吟風弄月、缺乏戰(zhàn)斗精神的思想”，蔑視“自我憐惜的心理”，雖然不無少年人的偏激，但在抗日的背景下亦情有可原。

抗戰(zhàn)時期的衢州中學有一批陣容強大的國文老師，王西彥、袁微子、陳康白、陳友琴、曹百川、張厚植、方光燾、屠伯和、何植三等先后在這里任教。那時學生每天都要寫一篇自擬題目的短文，日記簿由學校統(tǒng)一印發(fā)。金庸在作文課上，經常第一個交卷，并獲得最佳評分，大家爭相傳閱。

在離開衢州3個月后，金庸在“筆壘”發(fā)表了6000多字的文章《“千人中之一人”》。此文引所羅門的話開始，以《馬太福音》結束，中間還引用了《箴言》《撒母耳記》等，金庸不但對《圣經》熟悉，從中還看得出他對西塞羅、巴爾扎克等作品的熟悉，可見在衢州中學的良好教育對他成長有極大的作用。endprint

金庸在衢州中學求學期間，不但成績好，其為人處世內斂、穩(wěn)重、正派、儒雅，亦為人稱道。他來到不久，班長改選，便任班長。

1995年，金庸在與日本學者池田大作的對話中，提到少年時在石梁的這樣一件事：1941年5月，因侵華日軍投放細菌彈，金庸的同班同學毛良楷染上了鼠疫，一時學生、校工逃得干干凈凈，毛同學躺在床上只是哭泣，班主任姜子潢老師拿出錢來，重金雇了兩名農民抬毛同學至衢江中的一艘隔離船上。作為班長的金庸雖然心里很害怕，但義不容辭，他在黑夜中跟在擔架的后面直至江邊與毛同學垂淚永別。金庸自謙：“整個抗戰(zhàn)期間，自覺有點勇氣的事就只這么一件。”

20世紀90年代初，金庸在寫給當時衢州市副市長姜寧馨的信中說：“想起在衢州讀書的日子，我備感溫馨?！?/p>

石梁靜巖夜夜心

1942年5月24日，日軍攻陷金華，衢州危在旦夕。學校決定停課疏散，學生提前草草結業(yè)、畢業(yè)。學校給學生發(fā)了流亡學生證明。金庸在衢州石梁的求學生涯就此結束。

據《程正迦回憶錄》載：1942年夏，金庸與江文煥、王浩然、黃文俊、吳汝榕、程正迦、程正返、朱卿云等衢州同學決定西行求學，不在淪陷區(qū)做亡國奴。他們所用資金系江文煥母親給予。八人先在航埠鎮(zhèn)王浩然家里集中，帶著隨身衣物和炒米，憑著流亡學生證明可以免票，擠上了去江西的火車，繼續(xù)著亂世求學夢……

金庸在衢州求學的經歷，對他今后的文學創(chuàng)作和人生起著重要的作用。金庸曾說：“我許多創(chuàng)作靈感來自衢州?！?/p>

2004年10月，金庸首次回訪母校衢州第一中學，他在烈士江文煥像前停留了好久，又在有校友周迅像的畫報上簽名……金庸對同學們說：“因為在衢州讀過書，所以我是真心稱呼你們?yōu)閹煹?、師妹。想想我們當年讀書的艱難，你們要好好讀書?！薄昂煤米x書”這四個字，金庸說了三四次，這是一位學長對后輩的殷切期望。

那次回訪，金庸應邀落筆：“少年時負笈衢中，師長教誨，同學勉勵，常自懷念。今訪母校，見規(guī)模大張，日思昔日，不禁悲喜交集也?！彼㈩}詩：“溫雅豪邁衢州人，同學少年若兄弟。六十年中常入夢，石梁靜巖夜夜心?！?/p>

（本文圖片由作者提供）

Louis Chas Middle School Years in Quzhou

By Wu Shaofei

I have visited the villages which housed Quzhou Middle School in the years of World War Two in a bid to trace the footprints of Louis Cha， who has authored many epic Kungfu novels. The youngster studied at the middle school from 1940 to 1942.

Louis Cha Leung-yung （Zha Liangyong）， best known by his pen name Jin Yong， is a Chinese novelist and essayist based in Hong Kong. He is a native of Haining in northern Zhejiang. In 1938， Cha enrolled in the United Middle School in Lishui in southwestern Zhejiang.

In the first half of 1940， he was dispelled from the middle school because he lampooned the school authorities in an article published on a blackboard. Years later， he recalled of the time： “I not only lost an opportunity to continue my middle school education but also had difficulty in getting food and shelter. It was a matter of life and death. Fortunately， Quzhou Middle School took me in. Publishing what I want to say boldly under duress became a key to my success years later. ”

Pretty soon， the young Louis Cha distinguished himself in the new school. Wang Haoran， a classmate of Louis Cha at the school， recalls in his memoir decades later： “A new student came to our class shortly after the second semester had started in the autumn. During the wartime， we were in the remote rural area and we were not in a mood for light hobbies such as calligraphy， painting， chess or music. This youngster was different. He had two boxes of Weiqi stones in black and white.”endprint

Wang Haoran recalls that Cha was modest and friendly： he smiled and introduced himself to classmates and teachers and other school employees.

Wu Zhongkang， now 82， says he has never heard of Jin Yong. His ignorance of Jin Yong is largely because he was much younger than the novel writer， and he has never read Kungfu novels and he did not go to middle school anyway. But he remembers the senior high department of Quzhou Middle School in Xiajingyan Village. The Buddhist temple in the village served as a dorm. The clan temple also housed some students and teachers. Rows of adobe houses served as classrooms. Wu Wenqing， a villager at Xiajingyan， took me to the deserted house where his family used to live. He explained： “The rooms on the ground were for teachers. Students usually lived upstairs. The second floor of my house was for girl students. Look， these words on the wall were written by the students.”

While in Xiajingyan， Cha made friends with Wang Haoran and Jiang Wenhuan. They went everywhere together. Jiang was one of the six revolutionary martyrs of

Quzhou. Wang Haoran recalls that Cha was obsessed with Weiqi in his school years. He wrote letters to Wang Zhenxiong， who chaired a Weiqi society in Guilin. Wang wrote back. Wang encouraged Cha to focus on academic studies and rarely offered tips on the game.

Villagers pointed historical houses out to me： this house was used as a library of the middle school and these houses were bookstores that followed the middle school from Quzhou City.

The archives show that Louis Cha was a top student. He read a lot and was active in school events.

On May 24， 1942， Jinhua City fell to Japanese aggressors. Quzhou was about to fall. Quzhou Middle School decided to shut down the school and evacuate students. Louis Cha ended his two years at the school and received a certificate that identified him as a student. In the summer of 1942， Cha and some other students teamed up and moved westward to Jiangxi Province， determined not to live in occupied areas.

Louis Cha comments that the two years in Quzhou were significant in his life and his novelist career. Many of his inspirations came from his experiences in Quzhou.

In October 2004， he visited Quzhou No.1 Middle School for the first time after a long hiatus of decades. He took a long look at the statue of Jiang Wenhuan. He also signed his name on a poster which featured film star Zhou Xun， an alumna of the school.endprint