警察總署及沙勒羅瓦舞蹈公司，沙勒羅瓦，比利時

建筑設(shè)計：讓·努維爾工作室 + MDW建筑事務所

警察總署及沙勒羅瓦舞蹈公司，沙勒羅瓦，比利時

建筑設(shè)計：讓·努維爾工作室 + MDW建筑事務所

讓警察總署和舞蹈公司共享同一地段的想法，既不可思議又令人振奮。

在沙勒羅瓦，我們建造了一座新的警察總署，并對沙勒羅瓦舞蹈公司的建筑進行擴建。這項改造計劃是一次契機，創(chuàng)造能從街道便捷抵達的新的城市空間。我們希望它活力四射、熙熙攘攘。因此在廣場中心設(shè)置了一家大餐廳，地段上的用戶以及周圍鄰居都可以在這里交流會面。

新塔

為了給城市創(chuàng)造一座新地標，我們將新塔的表面包裹了藍色的釉面磚。我們所選擇的深藍色讓人想起警察的標志，其表面反射著微光，就像是沙勒羅瓦天際線上的一座燈塔。

由于塔樓的形狀特殊，無法用常規(guī)的排磚方式來實現(xiàn)。因此我們設(shè)計了3種不同形狀的磚塊，并僅僅規(guī)定了排布的基本原則。最終效果就是由各層磚塊的隨機排布所形成的。

使用磚塊建造的方式很理性，同時也是可持續(xù)的：鑒于塔樓及其窗戶的復雜曲面形式，如果用混凝土澆筑的話，大多數(shù)模板都只能是一次性的，而且窗戶的形狀也需要在混凝土上進行精密復雜的裁切。

技術(shù)上，平整的鋼梁環(huán)繞每一樓層，承受磚立面的重量，并確保排布方向保持水平。

在3種形狀的磚塊的制作過程中，我們都會在正面上鍍釉，有時在側(cè)面上也如此，以此來抵御風和雨水的腐蝕——尤其是在建筑背面的內(nèi)凹拋物線的部分。

建筑底層鋪地與周圍的公共廣場采用相同的地磚，以此加強不同元素間的協(xié)調(diào)，弱化室內(nèi)外的嚴格分界。

公共廣場

廣場是這個項目的重要組成部分，它被看作一個統(tǒng)一性的元素，連接著警察總署塔樓、翻修后的D樓和E樓、沙勒羅瓦舞蹈公司的公共劇場，以及餐廳。

尤其鑒于建筑群各個部分的地坪高度各不相同，選擇地磚還有利于增強靈活性和持久性。

新建的步行廣場使用了75mm厚的紅磚鋪地。在塔樓的周邊區(qū)域采用紅藍十字交叉鋪地，以此讓（藍色的）警察總署大樓與（紅色的）歷史建筑相融合。

地磚采用交叉縫式鋪設(shè)，這是由于廣場必須能讓卡車及消防車駛?cè)搿５孛婢植柯∑?，以?chuàng)造廣場的運動感，并實現(xiàn)不同建筑元素間的轉(zhuǎn)換。由于這些部分不需要特定的承重力，因此地磚的厚度變?。?5mm），并采用普通的錯縫式鋪設(shè)。這樣的二元性也形成了整體紋樣下的有趣變體。

塔樓兩側(cè)的公共廣場都有一定的地面隆起，下面設(shè)置了塔樓與側(cè)翼的連接通道，并在背面隱藏了警察總署中偏向后勤的功能部分。

側(cè)翼建筑

地段上60%的現(xiàn)存建筑都被保留并修復。在其余建筑的拆除過程中，我們對幾百塊磚進行情節(jié)和整理，并堆放在工地一側(cè)，用于兩座側(cè)翼建筑的修復，其中包括D樓，它在旁邊的建筑拆除后就未曾封閉。（黃華青 譯）

1　藍色釉面磚與紅磚的對比/Brick potpourri shimmering between blue， violet and black2　外景/Exterior view3　總平面/Site plan

項目信息/Credits and data

客戶/Client: 沙勒羅瓦市/City of Charleroi

項目總監(jiān)/Project Leaders: Julie Parmentier， Marie Moignot

設(shè)計團隊/Architectural Team: 讓·努維爾工作室（法國）/ Ateliers Jean Nouvel （France），MDW建筑事務所（比利時）/MDW Architecture （Belgium）

建筑師/Architects: Mélanie Doremus， Bernard Duprat，Stacy Eisenberg， Sophie Laromiguiere， Ludovic Magnifico，Kirsi Marjamaki-Mas， Anne Traband （AJN）； Yvan Breithof，Miguel Camba， Liz Poggioli， Vincent Sainlez， Stéphanie Seldeslachts， Daniele Wagner （MDW）

工程師/Engineers: VK Engineering， DTS & Co， MATRIciel，Venac

承建商/General Contractor: CFE （BPC – CFE Brabant）

成本咨詢/Cost Consultant: CFE

建筑用途/Building's Purpose: 警察總署，舞蹈教室及公共空間/Police headquarters， dance studios and public space

磚材類型/Brick Type: 飾面磚/Facing bricks， 粘土鋪地磚/ Clay pavers

建筑面積/Floor Area: 30，727m2（警察總署/Police headquarters），11，431m2（停車場/Parking），19，392m2（塔樓/Tower）

建造周期/Construction Period: 2012.06 – 2014.08

攝影/Photos: Filip Dujardin （fig.1，2，7，9）， Lida Guan （fig.5，8）

評論

韓孟臻：塔樓通過采用高聳、圓滑并帶有收分的體量，高反射度的深藍色釉面材質(zhì)，在整體尺度上與周邊建成環(huán)境形成鮮明對比，借此確立起自身的標志性。同時，豎長比例開窗（盡管兩層通高）、相對低的窗墻比，以及磚墻砌筑中對于手工藝的執(zhí)著追求等，又與周邊建筑進行了刻意的對話。“對比協(xié)調(diào)”，鼓勵著建筑設(shè)計中個人藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作自由的發(fā)揮，在城市中建成了諸多新舊建筑戲劇性并置的“出名”案例，迎合了當今具有話題性、圖像化、快速消費的媒體時代。正由于這類“戲劇性”源自于建筑師靈感迸發(fā)的感性創(chuàng)作，對于同樣依靠個人感性來評判其日常生活環(huán)境的受眾而言，往往會出現(xiàn)認同與抵制兩種極端化的評價。

范路：警察總署及沙勒羅瓦舞蹈公司是一個充滿巴洛克氣質(zhì)的項目?？鋸堊冃蔚木鹦滤挥趶V場中央，與保留的歷史建筑形成戲劇性的形體和色彩關(guān)系。保留的兵營、舞蹈公司和酒吧圍繞廣場布局，把各種人流吸引匯聚在新塔周圍，形成包容多變的場所。局部隆起的廣場，將建筑和場地融合在一起，形成了整體宏偉的空間感。而新塔表面與廣場地面的浮華磚飾，更突出了這種氛圍。簡而言之，這都表達了需要被注意的渴望，呈現(xiàn)了巴洛克藝術(shù)的內(nèi)在精神——表現(xiàn)沖擊力勝于表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀。

It is both strange and somehow stimulating to combine a police headquarters and a dance company on the same site.

In Charleroi we have built a new police headquarters and extended the Charleroi Danses buildings. These transformations were an opportunity to create a new urban space that can be reached from the street and that we wanted to be active and bustling. This is why a large brasserie was created at its heart， a place where users of the site and its neighbors can meet.

The New Tower

In order to create a new landmark for the city，the new tower is encased in blue glazed brick. The color was chosen to remind the dark blue of the Police force， and the surface reflects light in a subtle way， acting like a beacon in Charleroi's skyline.

Because of its particular shape， a regular layout of the bricks was not achievable. Therefore three different sizes were designed and only general rules of use were specified. The result is random brickwork generated by the bricklayers themselves.

The use of brick was rational， but also sustainable: due to the complex curvature of the tower and its windows， most concrete forms for pouring concrete would have been of a single use and the windows geometry would have implied tailored solutions.

Technically， flat metal bars located every other floor bear the weight of the brick cladding and ensure that courses are laid horizontally.

The three sizes of brick were also manufactured with glazing on part of broad face， and sometimes on the sides as well， to ensure proper protection against wind and rain erosion， especially at the back of the building where the curvature was parabolic.

The ground floor pavement is made of the same brick as the public square to accentuate the cohesion between the elements and to attenuate the strict division between the inside and the outside.

The public square

The square is an essential component of the project and is conceived as a unifying element between the Police tower， the renovated D and E wings， the public venues of Charleroi Danses and the Brasserie.

As such and given the important difference of levels between all the parts of the ensemble， brick was again chosen for the flexibility and durability it offers.

This new pedestrian square is paved in 75mmred brick， criss-crossed with blue bricks around the tower in order to connect the new Police headquarters to the historical buildings.

Bricks are generally laid in a herringbone pattern as the square has to be accessible for vehicles（moving trucks and firefighters）. Some "humps" were create to give movement to the square and to act as transition between elements. As no specific bearing property is required， bricks are here thinner（45mm） and are laid in strecher bond. This duality also provides an interesting variation of the general pattern.

On each side of the tower， the public square transforms into brick humps that cover the connexions with the lateral wings and hide the more logisitc parts of the police complex at the back.

The Wings

60% of the existing buildings on the site were kept and restored. During demolition of the remaining constructions， hundreds of brick blocks were set aside and cleaned for repair and renovation of the two lateral wings， including the Aisle D gable that was left opened after the demolition of the building next to it.

4　鋪地紋樣/Floor pattern5　鋪地磚細部/Detail of paving tile6　縱剖面/Longitudinal section7　舊樓內(nèi)的警察餐廳/Police canteen in the old building8.9　室內(nèi)用磚/Bricks in interior

Comments

HAN Mengzhen: This tower is soaring， sleek and conoid in shape， fashioned with a highly-reflective dark-blue glaze， and as it stands in sharp contrast to its surroundings， a landmark is created. At the same time， long double height windows， a lower ratio of window to wall， as well as the pursuit of refined brickwork communicates a desire to interact with its surroundings. "Contrast Coordination" encourages architects to generate their own creativity freely when designing， thus creating noted cases of dramatic juxtaposition of the new with the old within the city. This principle intersects with the current characteristics of topicalized， graphic， and consumption-oriented modern media. This dramatic juxtaposition can be generated by architects' emotional creation and their inspirational moments. The audiences judge their daily environment on their emotional feelings， and it is quite common to have two opposing views: of appreciation and ingratitude.

FAN Lu: The Police Headquarters & Charleroi Danses in Belgium is a project of a strong Baroque taste. The newly-built police tower in an exaggerative and dramatic shape stands up in the center of the public square， and contrasts theatrically in form and color with the preserved historical buildings. Different kinds of people are attracted to the square， which fuels vitality to the public space. Some "humps" are created to give movement to the square and to integrate buildings and the ground. The showy brick claddings of the new tower and some part of the square emphasize the grandeur and wholeness of the public space. In short， all these treatments present the spirit of Baroque art – the need to be noticed and expressing impacts more than being good.

Police Headquarters & Charleroi Danses， Charleroi， Belgium， 2014

Architects: Atelier Jean Nouvel + MDW Architecture