石 越,鄭 鐵,趙鐵夫,閆振嫻,張樂輝
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·調(diào)查研究·
心肌血運(yùn)重建出院患者隨訪現(xiàn)況研究
石 越,鄭 鐵,趙鐵夫,閆振嫻,張樂輝
目的了解心肌血運(yùn)重建出院患者的隨訪現(xiàn)況,并探討在手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院隨訪者與非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院隨訪者的依從性、安全性及經(jīng)濟(jì)性。方法選取2013年度在首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京安貞醫(yī)院出院的心肌血運(yùn)重建患者1 925例,其中經(jīng)皮冠狀動脈介入術(shù)(PCI)1 534例,冠狀動脈旁路移植術(shù)(CABG)391例。根據(jù)患者隨訪機(jī)構(gòu)不同分為手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組與非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組數(shù)據(jù)來源于本院醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)(HIS),包括門診及再住院信息;非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組數(shù)據(jù)來源于北京市醫(yī)保數(shù)據(jù),包括門診與再住院信息。通過隨訪率、隨訪次數(shù)及人均隨訪次數(shù)指標(biāo)對不同隨訪時間、不同隨訪地點(diǎn)及不同手術(shù)方式的人群隨訪現(xiàn)況進(jìn)行描述。并記錄患者二級預(yù)防藥物服用率、主要不良心血管事件(MACE)發(fā)生率和門診費(fèi)用及住院費(fèi)用。結(jié)果1 925例患者平均隨訪率為94.27%,隨訪次數(shù)共計41 774次,人均22次。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組1 011例(52.52%),平均隨訪率為94.49%,隨訪次數(shù)共計19 834次,人均20次;非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組914例(47.48%),平均隨訪率為94.04%,隨訪次數(shù)共計21 940次,人均24次。PCI患者隨訪率為94.50%,隨訪次數(shù)共計32 984次,人均22次;CABG患者平均隨訪率為93.39%,隨訪次數(shù)共計8 790次,人均23次?;颊甙⑺酒チ址寐蕿?1.90%(1 384/1 925),氯吡格雷服用率(僅為PCI患者的服用率)為86.11%(1 321/1 534),他汀類藥物服用率為77.40%(1 490/1 925),β-受體阻滯劑服用率為60.16%(1 158/1 925),血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制劑(ACEI)/血管緊張素受體阻滯劑(ARBs)服用率為43.43%(836/1 925),雙聯(lián)抗血小板藥物服用率(指同時服用阿司匹林和氯吡格雷,僅為PCI患者的服用率)為67.34%(1 033/1 534)。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組和非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組他汀類藥物、ACEI/ARBs服用率比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組氯吡格雷服用率低于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,阿司匹林、β-受體阻滯劑、雙聯(lián)抗血小板藥物服用率均高于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組(P<0.05)?;颊咴陔S訪期間MACE共發(fā)生149例,發(fā)生率為7.74%。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組MACE發(fā)生率為7.22%(73/1 011),非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組MACE發(fā)生率為8.32%(76/914)。兩組主要終點(diǎn)事件和次要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=0.429,P=0.513;χ2=0.366,P=0.545)?;颊唛T診費(fèi)用(10 166±3 198)元,住院費(fèi)用11 665(6 862,35 185)元。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組門診費(fèi)用高于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組(t=9.428,P<0.001);手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組和非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組住院費(fèi)用比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(z=-0.536,P>0.050)。結(jié)論心肌血運(yùn)重建出院患者平均隨訪率為94.27%,人均22次/年。52.52%出院患者繼續(xù)于手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院進(jìn)行隨訪,規(guī)范服用二級預(yù)防藥物比例總體較好,但β-受體阻滯劑與ACEI/ARBs的依從性有待進(jìn)一步提升,MACE發(fā)生率為7.74%。非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院需進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化隨訪知識,提升其藥物治療的依從性及安全性,分流隨訪人群,使醫(yī)療資源更合理利用。
心肌血管重建術(shù);隨訪研究;現(xiàn)況研究
石越,鄭鐵,趙鐵夫,等.心肌血運(yùn)重建出院患者隨訪現(xiàn)況研究[J].中國全科醫(yī)學(xué),2016,19(26):3210-3214.[www.chinagp.net]
SHI Y,ZHENG T,ZHAO T F,et al.Cross-sectional study on the follow-up of myocardial revascularization patients after discharge[J].Chinese General Practice,2016,19(26):3210-3214.
心肌血運(yùn)重建,是指利用冠狀動脈介入或外科手術(shù)方法解除冠狀動脈狹窄,重建血管,恢復(fù)心肌灌注[1]。歐洲心臟病協(xié)會在2014心肌血運(yùn)重建指南中指出:出院后隨訪工作是心肌血運(yùn)重建患者管理的重要組成部分,合理的隨訪能夠有效降低病死率,減輕醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān),并在指南中指出心肌血運(yùn)重建患者的出院后隨訪工作由社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心的全科醫(yī)師為主的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé),為患者提供綜合性隨訪計劃[2]。目前國內(nèi)關(guān)于心肌血運(yùn)重建術(shù)后隨訪研究報道較少,本研究為明確心肌血運(yùn)重建患者出院后隨訪現(xiàn)況,對本院心肌血運(yùn)重建患者出院后隨訪現(xiàn)況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,為今后心肌血運(yùn)重建患者出院后開展隨訪工作提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
1.1研究對象選取2013年度在首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京安貞醫(yī)院出院的心肌血運(yùn)重建患者1 925例,其中經(jīng)皮冠狀動脈介入術(shù)(PCI)1 534例,冠狀動脈旁路移植術(shù)(CABG)391例。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)住院期間首次行PCI或CABG治療患者;(2)參加醫(yī)保患者;(3)北京市居民。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)住院期間死亡患者;(2)隨訪信息缺失患者。
1.2方法通過病案首頁主要手術(shù)ICD-9-CM3編碼及患者基本信息,確定研究對象,其中住院期間行PCI 主要手術(shù)ICD:36.07003和CABG 主要手術(shù)ICD:36.10001、36.11001、36.12001、36.13001、36.14001、36.15001、36.16001。記錄患者基本特征,包括性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、出院時主要診斷、冠狀動脈病變支數(shù)、合并癥等。在本院醫(yī)院信息系統(tǒng)(HIS)和北京市醫(yī)保數(shù)據(jù)中,調(diào)取研究對象出院后1年內(nèi)于北京市門診及住院就診信息,同日同隨訪機(jī)構(gòu)就診為1次就診記錄。并對信息中個人隱私信息數(shù)據(jù)脫敏。按照研究對象隨訪機(jī)構(gòu)不同分為手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組與非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組數(shù)據(jù)來源于本院HIS,包括門診及再住院信息;非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組數(shù)據(jù)來源于北京市醫(yī)保數(shù)據(jù),包括門診與再住院信息。
1.3隨訪指標(biāo)通過隨訪率、隨訪次數(shù)及人均隨訪次數(shù)指標(biāo)對不同隨訪時間、不同隨訪地點(diǎn)及不同手術(shù)方式的人群隨訪現(xiàn)況加以描述。
通過隨訪門診醫(yī)囑項(xiàng)與歐洲心臟病協(xié)會頒布的2014心肌血運(yùn)重建指南[2]中推薦4種二級預(yù)防藥物〔抗血小板藥物、他汀類藥物、β-受體阻滯劑和血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制劑(ACEI)/血管緊張素受體阻滯劑(ARBs)〕符合情況,計算二級預(yù)防藥物服用率,描述二級預(yù)防藥物依從性;通過主要不良心血管事件(major adverse cardiac events,MACE)發(fā)生率描述安全性;通過上述信息系統(tǒng)中門診費(fèi)用及住院費(fèi)用描述直接經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。
本文研究背景:
冠心病是全球主要死亡原因,同時也是北京市心血管疾病住院的主要病種。隨著患病人數(shù)的增長和手術(shù)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,行心肌血運(yùn)重建治療的患者逐年增長。國外心肌血運(yùn)重建術(shù)后患者隨訪工作主要由全科醫(yī)師承擔(dān),我國由于全科醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展較晚,目前心肌血運(yùn)重建術(shù)后患者隨訪現(xiàn)況不詳。但有小規(guī)模社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心全科醫(yī)師開展心肌血運(yùn)重建治療術(shù)后隨訪研究報道。
2.1患者基本情況共納入研究對象1 925例,其中手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組1 011例(52.52%),非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組914例(47.48%)。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組與非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、出院時主要診斷比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);兩組出院時冠狀動脈病變支數(shù)、有無合并癥比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表1)。
2.2患者隨訪的時間分布特征患者隨訪次數(shù)共計41 774次,人均22次。出院后第1個月隨訪率最低,為57.19%,第2~12個月隨訪情況平穩(wěn),隨訪率波動于96.16%~98.70%,平均隨訪率為94.27%(見圖1)。
圖1 患者隨訪率隨時間變化曲線
2.3患者隨訪的地域分布特征手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組平均隨訪率為94.49%,隨訪次數(shù)共計19 834次,人均20次;非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組平均隨訪率為94.04%,隨訪次數(shù)共計21 940次,人均24次。
2.4患者隨訪的人群分布特征行PCI患者平均隨訪率為94.50%,隨訪次數(shù)共計32 984次,人均22次;行CABG患者平均隨訪率為93.39%,隨訪次數(shù)共計8 790次,人均23次。
2.5患者藥物依從性患者阿司匹林服用率為71.90%(1 384/1 925),氯吡格雷服用率(僅為PCI患者的服用率)為86.11%(1 321/1 534),他汀類藥物服用率為77.40%(1 490/1 925),β-受體阻滯劑服用率為60.16%(1 158/1 925),ACEI/ARBs服用率為43.43%(836/1 925),雙聯(lián)抗血小板藥物服用率(指同時服用阿司匹林和氯吡格雷,僅為PCI患者的服用率)為67.34%(1 033/1 534)。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組和非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組他汀類藥物、ACEI/ARBs服用率比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組氯吡格雷服用率低于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,阿司匹林、β-受體阻滯劑、雙聯(lián)抗血小板藥物服用率均高于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組(P<0.05,見表2)。
2.6患者隨訪安全性患者在隨訪期間MACE共發(fā)生149例,發(fā)生率為7.74%。其中主要終點(diǎn)事件56例,發(fā)生率為2.91%,分別為:再次血運(yùn)重建44例(2.29%)、腦血管意外7例(0.36%)、急性心肌梗死5例(0.26%);次要終點(diǎn)事件93例,發(fā)生率為4.83%,分別為不穩(wěn)定型心絞痛89例(4.62%)、消化道出血4例(0.21%)。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組MACE發(fā)生率為7.22%(73/1 011),主要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率為2.67%(27/1 011),次要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率為4.55%(46/1 011);非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組MACE事件發(fā)生率為8.32%(76/914),主要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率為3.17%(29/914),次要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率為5.14%(47/914)。兩組主要終點(diǎn)事件和次要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=0.429,P=0.513;χ2=0.366,P=0.545)。
2.7患者直接經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)患者門診費(fèi)用(10 166±3 198)元,住院費(fèi)用11 665(6 862,35 185)元。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組門診費(fèi)用(10 810±2 878)元,住院費(fèi)用10 224(6 680,36 459)元;非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組門診費(fèi)用(9 454±3 379)元,住院費(fèi)用13 483(7 128,32 551)元。手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組門診費(fèi)用高于非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=9.428,P<0.001);兩組住院費(fèi)用比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(z=-0.536,P>0.050)。
隨著生活方式的改變,我國心血管疾病發(fā)病率持續(xù)上升,與此同時,心肌血運(yùn)重建技術(shù)不斷革新,故經(jīng)心肌血運(yùn)重建治療的患者呈現(xiàn)增長趨勢,據(jù)國家衛(wèi)生計生委網(wǎng)絡(luò)申報統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示:2012年全國行CABG治療3萬余例,2013年全國行PCI治療45萬例[3]。研究表明出院后患者合理隨訪能夠減少M(fèi)ACE發(fā)生,降低心因病死率,減輕醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)[4-5]。但由于缺乏日常生活中關(guān)于心肌血運(yùn)重建及住院期間的知識科普教育,民眾普遍缺乏對心肌血運(yùn)重建的認(rèn)知,同時研究者主要聚焦于住院期間心肌血運(yùn)重建技術(shù)及藥物的研究,隨訪研究開展較少。
本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨訪人群總體上集中在手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院,可能有以下幾方面原因:從客觀角度分析,手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院是一家以心血管疾病為特色的三級甲等綜合性醫(yī)院,集醫(yī)療、科研和教學(xué)一體化,心血管疾病方面專家多,檢驗(yàn)、檢查項(xiàng)目先進(jìn)且全面,可能是導(dǎo)致隨訪患者集中的客觀原因。從主觀角度分析,就患者而言,選擇醫(yī)院行手術(shù)治療,是對該院醫(yī)療能力的認(rèn)可與信任,同時患者存在認(rèn)為手術(shù)醫(yī)生更加了解自己病情的心理,以上兩點(diǎn)不失為選擇手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院進(jìn)行隨訪工作的主觀原因。就隨訪醫(yī)生而言,隨訪醫(yī)生目前缺乏轉(zhuǎn)診意識且對其他醫(yī)院缺少了解,未能及時將適合轉(zhuǎn)診的隨訪患者進(jìn)行分流。以上原因可能是半數(shù)以上患者選擇繼續(xù)手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院進(jìn)行隨訪的原因。
二級預(yù)防藥物是隨訪工作的基石,據(jù)NEWBY等[6]研究顯示,心肌血運(yùn)重建患者術(shù)后藥物使用情況:阿司匹林為83%、他汀類降脂藥為63%、β-受體阻滯劑為61%和ACEI/ARBs為51%。與國外數(shù)據(jù)相比,提示本組血運(yùn)重建患者藥物依從性尚可,但ACEI/ARBs依從性略低,仍有改進(jìn)空間。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組患者在藥物服用率方面低于手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組患者。據(jù)美國數(shù)據(jù)顯示,雖然患者隨訪診療依從性逐年遞增,但是仍有1/3的隨訪患者未規(guī)范服用二級預(yù)防藥物,導(dǎo)致每年約有8萬例血運(yùn)重建患者失去生命[7]。故隨訪醫(yī)生需肩負(fù)責(zé)任,為患者制定合理、個性化的二級預(yù)防藥物治療方案。
表1 手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組和非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組基本特征比較〔n(%)〕
表2 手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組和非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組二級預(yù)防藥物服用率比較〔n(%)〕
注:a表示PCI患者服用率;ACEI=血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制劑,ARBs=血管緊張素受體阻滯劑
血運(yùn)重建術(shù)出院后并發(fā)癥及再入院治療情況主要采用MACE描述,但目前無統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定MACE包括哪些事件。ROBERTS等[8]研究顯示,12個月的觀察期內(nèi),MACE中再次PCI發(fā)生率為1.6%;ARTURO等[9]研究顯示,MACE中再發(fā)心肌梗死的發(fā)生率為1.4%,再次血運(yùn)重建的發(fā)生率為12.9%,腦卒中發(fā)生率為0.7%。本研究隨訪1年間MACE發(fā)生率低于上述研究,可能與本研究患者全部為定期隨訪患者,藥物依從性高有關(guān)。就兩組間MACE發(fā)生情況而言,手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組不論主要終點(diǎn)事件還是次要終點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生率均與非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組無差異,可能的原因?yàn)椋狙芯繒r長僅為1年,且未將死亡納入MACE,因此有待進(jìn)一步長期觀察研究。
心肌血運(yùn)重建術(shù)后患者需要長期隨訪,勢必消耗大量醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生資源,面對需求增長和人均醫(yī)療資源短缺的現(xiàn)狀,如何使有限衛(wèi)生資源合理分配利用,最大限度地滿足人群,值得深思。本研究調(diào)整兩組藥物依從性使其相等,而后對兩組隨訪門診費(fèi)用進(jìn)行測算,結(jié)果顯示,非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組門診隨訪費(fèi)用低于手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組。原因可能為,手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院為三級甲等醫(yī)院,多為進(jìn)口藥物,而非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院包含二級及一級醫(yī)院,國產(chǎn)藥物較多,導(dǎo)致手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院隨訪費(fèi)用較高。非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組MACE發(fā)生率明顯高于手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院組,但兩組住院費(fèi)用無統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,可能與本研究樣本量及研究時長相關(guān),有待進(jìn)一步研究。
綜上所述,心肌血運(yùn)重建出院患者平均隨訪率為94.27%,人均22次/年。52.52%出院患者繼續(xù)于手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院進(jìn)行隨訪,規(guī)范服用二級預(yù)防藥物比例總體較好,但β-受體阻滯劑與ACEI/ARBs的服藥依從性有待進(jìn)一步提升。就心肌血運(yùn)重建術(shù)后隨訪而言,非手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院隨訪需進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化隨訪知識,提升其藥物治療的依從性及安全性,爭取早日與手術(shù)實(shí)施醫(yī)院隨訪效果相當(dāng),分流隨訪人群,使醫(yī)療資源更合理利用。
作者貢獻(xiàn):石越、張樂輝進(jìn)行調(diào)查設(shè)計與實(shí)施、資料收集整理、撰寫論文、成文并對文章負(fù)責(zé);鄭鐵、趙鐵夫、閆振嫻進(jìn)行資料收集;張樂輝進(jìn)行質(zhì)量控制及審校。
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(本文編輯:賈萌萌)
Cross-sectional Study on the Follow-up of Myocardial Revascularization Patients after Discharge
SHIYue,ZHENGTie,ZHAOTie-fu,YANZhen-xian,ZHANGLe-hui.BeijingAnzhenHospital,CapitalMedicalUniversity,Beijing100029,China
Correspondingauthor:ZHANGLe-hui,BeijingAnzhenHospital,CapitalMedicalUniversity,Beijing100029,China;E-mail:zhanglehui@139.com
ObjectiveTo understand the follow-up situations of myocardial revascularization patients after discharge and discuss the compliance,safety and economic efficiency.Methods1 925 cases of myocardial revascularization patients discharged from Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University in 2013 were selected,including 1 534 cases of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and 391 cases of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).According to follow-up institutions,patients were divided into implementation of operation hospital group and non-implementation of operation hospital group.The data of implementation of operation hospital group were collected from the HIS of this hospital,including outpatient and re-hospitalization information.The data of non-implementation of operation hospital group were collected from the data of Beijing medical insurance,including outpatient and re-hospitalization information.The current situations of follow-up of populations at different follow-up times,sites and operation method were described through indexes of follow-up rate,follow-up frequency and average follow-up frequency.Secondary prevention drug taking rate,incidence rate of major adverse cardiac events(MACE),outpatient fees and hospitalization expenses of patients were recorded.ResultsThe average follow-up rate of 1 925 cases of patients was 94.27%.The frequency of follow-up totaled 41 774 times,with an average of 22 times.The implementation of operation hospital group had 1 011 cases(52.52%)with an average follow-up rate of 94.49%.The frequency of follow-up totaled 19 834 times,with an average of 20 times.The non-implementation of operation hospital group had 914 cases(47.48%) with an average follow-up rate of 94.04%.The frequency of follow-up totaled 21 940 times of follow-up,with an average of 24 times.The follow-up rate of PCI patients was 94.50% and the frequency of follow-up totaled 32 984 times,with an average of 22 times.The follow-up rate of CABG patients was 93.39% and the frequency of follow-up totaled 8 790 times,with an average of 23 times.The taking rate of aspirin was 71.90%(1 384/1 925).The taking rate of clopidogrel(only the taking rate of PCI patients) was 86.11%(1 321/1 534).The taking rate of statins was 77.40%(1 490/1 925).The taking rate of β-receptor blocker was 60.16%(1 158/1 925).The taking rate of ACEI/ARBs was 43.43%(836/1 925).The taking rate of dual anti-platelet(which meant to take aspirin and clopidogrel at the same time,only the taking rate of PCI patients)was 67.34%(1 033/1 534).The implementation of operation hospital group and non-implementation of operation hospital group were compared in the taking rates of statins and ACEI/ARBs,the differences had no statistical significance(P>0.05).The taking rate of clopidogrel in implementation of operation hospital group was lower than that in non-implementation of operation hospital group and taking rates of aspirin,β-receptor blocker and dual anti-platelet in implementation of operation hospital group were higher than those in non-implementation of operation hospital group(P<0.05).149 cases of patients appeared MACE during the follow-up period,with the incidence rate of 7.74%.The incidence rate of MACE in implementation of operation hospital group was 7.22%(73/1 011)and the incidence rate of MACE in non-implementation of operation hospital group was 8.32%(76/914).The occurrence rates of primary endpoint and secondary endpoint were compared and the difference had no statistical significance(χ2=0.429,P=0.513;χ2=0.366,P=0.545).The average outpatient fee was(10 166±3 198) yuan and the hospitalization expenses per capita was 11 665(6 862,35 185)yuan.The average outpatient fee of implementation of operation hospital group was higher than that of non-implementation of operation hospital group and the difference had statistical significance(t=9.428,P<0.001).The hospitalization expenses of implementation of operation hospital group and non-implementation of operation hospital group were compared and the difference had no statistical significance(z=-0.536,P>0.050).ConclusionThe average follow-up rate of myocardial revascularization patients after discharge is 94.27%,with an average of 22 times/year.52.52% of the discharged patients were continuously followed up in the implementation of operation hospital,with better total ratio of normatively taking secondary prevention drugs,but the compliance of ACEI/ARBs drugs and β-receptor blocker needed to be improved further,with the incidence rate of MACE of 7.74%.Non-implementation of operation hospital needs to further strengthen follow-up knowledge,improve the compliance and safety of drug treatment,decentralize follow-up population so as to make useful utilization of medical resources.
Myocardial revascularization;Follow-up studies;Cross-sectional studies
北京市保健專項(xiàng)資金科研項(xiàng)目(京15-05號)
100029北京市,首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京安貞醫(yī)院
張樂輝,100029北京市,首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京安貞醫(yī)院;E-mail:zhanglehui@139.com
R 654.3
A
10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.26.016
2016-02-26;
2016-05-11)