“電池模塊及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、系統(tǒng)集成及規(guī)模放大基礎(chǔ)研究”年度報告

張華民　馬相坤　邢楓　鄭瓊　鄒毅

摘 要：在前期研究基礎(chǔ)上，通過計算機三維模擬技術(shù)，對影響電堆功率密度的關(guān)鍵因素進(jìn)行深入分析，并提出了大規(guī)模液流電池系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法及其規(guī)模放大技術(shù)。具體如下：通過建立液流電池三維非等溫模型，揭示了電池內(nèi)部的熱源變化與溫度分布特性，研究了孔隙率、流量對熱源及溫度變化的影響；通過容量衰減模型，準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測容量的衰減程度；利用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化的理論建立大規(guī)模電池多系統(tǒng)耦合設(shè)計的方法，提出了液流電池的監(jiān)測、報警、保護(hù)體系，進(jìn)而發(fā)展了液流電池規(guī)模放大理論體系。基于上述理論研究進(jìn)行試制工作，開發(fā)的單電池能量效率達(dá)到81.8%（200 mA/cm2），開發(fā)的22 kW電堆經(jīng)過550個循環(huán)，電池性能沒有衰減，開發(fā)的352 kW/700 kW·h液流電池單元直流側(cè)能量效率達(dá)到73.8%，交流側(cè)系統(tǒng)效率達(dá)到68.2%。

關(guān)鍵詞：釩電堆 電池系統(tǒng) 高功率密度 規(guī)模放大

Abstract：Based on our previous studies， the key factors that influence the power density are researched by three-dimension simulation， and the large scale vanadium flow battery system design and scaling technology are proposed. A three-dimension non-isothermal model of cell stack is presented. The temperature distributions in the electrode and the influence of porosity， flow-rate， and temperature change are clarified. The capacity decreasing could be forecasted accurately by capacity decreasing model. The design and integration method of vanadium flow battery system is presented. The large scale multi subsystem coupled design method is mastered based on the multi optimization method. The battery manage system （BMS） is proposed， including the monitor， alarm and protection. And then the vanadium flow battery system scaling technology is developed. The achievements are described as flowed. The single cell efficiency can reach to 81.8% at 200 mA/cm2. The developed 22 kW cell stack has no change of performance under the 550 charge and discharge cycles.The 352 kW/700 kW·h subsystem for large scale applications is developed. The DC efficiency is 73.8%，and AC efficiency is 68.2%，which reaches the international advanced level. The 22 kW cell stack and 352 kW/700 kW·h subsystem are all passed the national energy achievements appraisal of science and technology.

Key Words：Vanadium cell stack；Flow battery system；High power density；Scaling technology

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