暗物質(zhì)地下探測的前沿技術預研2013年年度報告

楊長根 關夢云 王志民 鐘瑋麗 馬欣華

摘 要：“暗物質(zhì)地下探測的前沿技術預研”主要研究內(nèi)容是綜合前一階段惰性液體探測器方案、晶體探測器方案、過熱液滴探測器方案均基本按計劃進行：惰性液體探測器方面，實現(xiàn)液氬模型探測器系統(tǒng)的搭建，實現(xiàn)低溫系統(tǒng)、氬氣液化、模型探測器系統(tǒng)密封與檢測、TPB波長位移板鍍膜、高純氬氣純化、單相液氬發(fā)光并探測，為下一步研究、發(fā)展液氬探測技術，研究相關探測器參數(shù)，實現(xiàn)液氬探測器在錦屏進行地下暗物質(zhì)的探測打下了基礎；并將進一步研究單相液氬探測器的相關參數(shù)，研究兩相探測方案；晶體探測器已利用北京大學中子束流的進行了n/gamma的相關測試，測試結(jié)果表明探測系統(tǒng)、方法工作正常，本底可控，并可以進一步預期使用原子能院更高（3～4個量級）強度束流測試將可達到比較好的測試結(jié)果，并實現(xiàn)對晶體n/gamma鑒別能力的定量測量，以確定晶體探測器方案的本底；同時我們將進行18 kg晶體模型探測器的最后組裝及測試工作，研究探測器耦合介質(zhì)、探測器響應、本底水平等；晶體探測技術成熟，大質(zhì)量的晶體探測器在暗物質(zhì)探測的截面測量方面仍有一定的優(yōu)勢，特別是在質(zhì)子自旋相關的暗物質(zhì)探測方面有顯著的優(yōu)勢；過熱液滴的氣泡探測技術仍然在不斷地進步中，截止目前，該課題組已發(fā)展并使用放射源測量了過熱液滴探測器，實現(xiàn)了探測器對中子的靈敏響應、對gamma的惰性響應；研究了氣泡探測器聲音信號的頻譜特征，設計并初步開發(fā)了信號的聲頻識別系統(tǒng)。我們將繼續(xù)跟蹤國際最新動向，發(fā)展相關探測、識別技術。

關鍵詞：暗物質(zhì) 暗物質(zhì)探測 液氬探測器 晶體探測器 過熱液滴探測器 探測器模型

Annual Report 2013 of Advanced Study for Frontier Technologies of Underground Dark Matter Detection

Yang Changgen Guan Mengyun Wang Zhimin Zhong Weili Ma Xinhua

（Institute of High Energy Physics， Chinese Academy of Sciences）

Abstract：The topic of advanced study for frontier technologies of underground dark matter detection is aimed to comprehensive analysis of current world detectors/technologies to study and make high sensitive and low background deep underground detectors preparing for direct detection of dark matter in Galaxy， to design special detecting system for different dark matter models. Here we intend to study the options with mature liquid argon/Xenon and crystals technologies with international cooperation， and further to study new detecting technologies. All the three detector options are going on plan in last stage： liquid argon， crystal and superheated liquid： Firstly， for the liquid argon detecting option， we are contributing to the Dark Side collaboration and improving ourselves at the same time. We are building our own liquid argon detector at IHEP to study its performance， and we already have made some achievements： the prototype detector is built， get liquid argon from gas， leakage test of the system with He and RGA， coating TPB to a Teflon plate， purification of argon gas， scintillation and detection light of liquid argon； all of these are very helpful for further study and development of liquid argon detector， next two phase stage， and even for the dark matter detection in Jinping underground laboratory. We have do the 1st stage test for the n/gamma discrimination of crystal with Peking university neutron beam， which has confirmed that the system is working well， and we can expect good results for the measurement with CIAE neutron beam which has about 3～4 magnitude higher intensity； and we will run a 18 kg crystal prototype soon at IHEP to study the coupling quantity among crystals/PMT， the background and the performance of the system. Crystal is a mature technology which can be easily used with high quality in dark matter measurements， especially in the proton spin mode which has a significant advantage. Superheated droplets bubble detection technology is still in progress ， until now， our group has measured the detector with radioactive sources and achieved a good sensitivity to neutron not gamma； studied the spectral characteristics of the sound signal of the detector， designed and realized an audio recognition system. We will continue to follow the latest international trends， and develop further technologies.

Key Words：Dark matter； Detection of dark matter； Liquid argon detector； Crystal detector； Superheated liquid detector； Detector prototype

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