學(xué)案在高三英語寫作復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)中的實踐與思考

利思琪

寫作是聽、說、讀、寫四項技能的重要組成部分，是體現(xiàn)學(xué)生綜合語言運用能力的輸出性技能。寫作能力訓(xùn)練是發(fā)展學(xué)生思維能力和表達(dá)能力的有效途徑，也是衡量教學(xué)效果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。（王篤勤）然而，寫作卻是一項令學(xué)生心煩、教師頭痛的任務(wù)。在高三的英語寫作課堂中，部分教師不研究學(xué)情，不能隨著復(fù)習(xí)的進(jìn)度精心設(shè)計寫作任務(wù)，也不能從布局謀篇、遣詞造句、斟酌關(guān)鍵詞、美化句式等方面指導(dǎo)學(xué)生，而是隨意選擇高考題或者模擬題試卷中的寫作任務(wù)作為課后作業(yè)。這種教學(xué)模式不僅導(dǎo)致學(xué)生的英語寫作水平停滯不前，不能隨著復(fù)習(xí)的深入呈階梯上升，還致使學(xué)生對寫作失去了興趣，應(yīng)付甚至厭倦寫作。

為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作興趣，提高高三英語復(fù)習(xí)寫作教學(xué)的有效性，改進(jìn)寫作教學(xué)的模式，我嘗試在寫作過程中實施學(xué)案，并結(jié)合具體教學(xué)設(shè)計開展反思。學(xué)案包括三部分：預(yù)習(xí)案、訓(xùn)練案和復(fù)習(xí)案。預(yù)習(xí)案是在正式上課前發(fā)給學(xué)生，供學(xué)生自學(xué)和小組討論使用，為訓(xùn)練案做準(zhǔn)備的。訓(xùn)練案供教師當(dāng)堂進(jìn)行達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練或測試時使用，目的是及時得到反饋，解決問題，以學(xué)生編制學(xué)習(xí)的知識結(jié)構(gòu)（導(dǎo)圖）、題目訓(xùn)練兩種形式為主。復(fù)習(xí)案是供學(xué)生課后復(fù)習(xí)用的，它能幫助學(xué)生鞏固和復(fù)習(xí)所學(xué)的知識，又能檢測學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)情況。

下面以高三級第一輪復(fù)習(xí)Book 3 Unit 1 “Festivals around the world”為例，我設(shè)計了一份包含預(yù)習(xí)案、訓(xùn)練案和復(fù)習(xí)案的學(xué)案。

Step 1 （預(yù)習(xí)案） Read the two passages in your learning paper in Exercise I， find out the English expressions according to the Chinese in Exercise II， then get familiar with the useful expressions about describing a festival.

I Read the following two passages and get familiar with the useful words and phrases about describing a festival.

1. The Dragon Boat Festival， one of the most important festivals in China， takes place/ is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. It is held in memory of a famous ancient Chinese poet， Qu Yuan. Besides， it is also traditional for people to clean their houses and watch dragon boat races to celebrate it. Dragon Boat Festival is an important feast day， when people can eat many kinds of rice dumplings made of glutinous rice with meat， beans or eggs in it. Nowadays Dragon Boat Festival has been set as an official festival so it is also a family reunion time for those who work far away from home.

2. Christmas Day， the most important festival in western countries， falls on December 25th every year. It celebrates the birth of Jesus. On Christmas Day， churches， houses and Christmas trees are decorated with colorful lights and its the custom for Christians to go to church and sing Christmas songs. Besides， Christmas Day is a happy event， when you can experience the strong atmosphere of this festival and everyone can get a surprising present. So nowadays more and more people look forward to Christmas Day， which brings us happiness and makes us forget our work for a while.

II Translate the following expressions.

1. 中國最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一

2. 在/發(fā)生在

3. 農(nóng)歷五月初五

4. 它是紀(jì)念……

5. 對于某人來說做……是一種傳統(tǒng)。

6. 是一個喜慶的時刻，在這時……

7. 被設(shè)定為法定節(jié)日

8. 家庭團(tuán)聚的時刻

9. 它是慶?！?/p>

10. 用……來裝飾

11. 對于某人來說做……是一種習(xí)俗。

12. 去做禮拜

13. 濃厚的節(jié)日氣氛

14. 一份驚喜的禮物

15. 期待

16. 暫時忘記工作中的煩惱

【說明】這個任務(wù)是幫助學(xué)生為上課的寫作做好準(zhǔn)備，所以學(xué)生必須把這個任務(wù)在課前提前完成，各小組長負(fù)責(zé)督促和檢查完成情況。

Step 2 Group work

Students work in groups and check their answers in Part II together. Collect students questions and deal with their problems with the whole class. Make sure every student can find out the answers.

Step 3（訓(xùn)練案） Lets have a try

Task 1 Students have about 10 minutes to finish a similar topic writing. Teachers go around and see if they need help.

III Translate the following passage， using five sentences.

【說明】這個任務(wù)是幫助學(xué)生多掌握和積累好詞好句。由于我設(shè)計相似的句型和篇章，用上前面所準(zhǔn)備的詞匯，因此90%的學(xué)生能在10分鐘內(nèi)完成這個寫作任務(wù)，并且能用上一些高級表達(dá)如同位語、when 和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句等。

Task 2 Students share their sentences with their group members. Then check the answers with the whole class.

Task 3 Students have about 2 minutes to combine all the sentences with some proper conjunctions or expressions. Then invite some students to read aloud their writing.

【說明】為了使學(xué)生寫出的文章在結(jié)構(gòu)上更有邏輯，條理更清晰，我要求學(xué)生用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞或短語連接上下文。

Task 4 Reading and filling in the blanks.

Students have 2 minutes to read aloud the composition， then fill in the following blanks.

The Spring Festival， in China， on the first day of the first lunar month. the end of winter and the coming of spring. gather to have a big dinner， wear new clothes and new shoes. ， they can and in the evening. People the Spring Festival， makes us forget our work for a while.

【說明】經(jīng)過幾次重復(fù)，學(xué)生快速完成填空，部分學(xué)生甚至能背出此文章。

Step 4 （復(fù)習(xí)案） Homework： According to what you learn， write down the following passage in 5 sentences. Try your best to use some good expressions we learn today.

參考詞匯

源自：have its origin in 鬼怪：ghosts and monsters 南瓜燈：pumpkin lantern

【說明】從學(xué)生交上來的作文來看，絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生都能正確地使用本節(jié)課所學(xué)到的知識點，特別是同位語、when 和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句等高級表達(dá)。令人驚訝的是，平時一些從不交作文的學(xué)生也交上了他們的作文。

經(jīng)過一年的嘗試和不斷改進(jìn)，學(xué)生的寫作水平有了明顯的提高，寫作興趣逐漸濃厚。在高三英語寫作復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)中使用學(xué)案，是解決學(xué)生英語寫作困難、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣、提高學(xué)生綜合語言運用能力、大面積提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的有效學(xué)習(xí)方式。我也受益匪淺，感受到了研究的樂趣，還提高了自身的科研能力。

責(zé)任編輯 魏文琦