環(huán)境信息可表達(dá)的信息服務(wù)描述模型研究

鄭嘯　李偉　羅軍舟

摘 要：信息服務(wù)的可表達(dá)性是該項(xiàng)目關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問題之一。它是準(zhǔn)確設(shè)計(jì)和表達(dá)服務(wù)流程與內(nèi)容，提供動(dòng)態(tài)、精準(zhǔn)、可伸縮的信息服務(wù)，以滿足用戶不確定和多樣性服務(wù)需求的關(guān)鍵。該報(bào)告面向異構(gòu)融合網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境，提出了環(huán)境信息可表達(dá)的信息服務(wù)描述模型，并基于此模型實(shí)現(xiàn)了支持環(huán)境描述的OWL-CS服務(wù)描述語言。具體工作有，首先分析影響信息服務(wù)調(diào)用、組合、協(xié)同的環(huán)境因素，將環(huán)境分為自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境兩大類，其中服務(wù)的自然環(huán)境是服務(wù)部署和運(yùn)行所依托宿主的軟硬件環(huán)境，而社會(huì)環(huán)境是服務(wù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中體現(xiàn)的服務(wù)和服務(wù)之間的關(guān)系，以及服務(wù)和用戶之間的關(guān)系。其次，給出環(huán)境上下文參數(shù)及度量方法，自然環(huán)境上下文是指用于刻畫服務(wù)自然環(huán)境中的實(shí)體的任何信息，而社會(huì)環(huán)境上下文是指服務(wù)在相互作用過程中所表現(xiàn)出來的和社會(huì)屬性相關(guān)的任何信息。再次，建立服務(wù)環(huán)境上下文元模型，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了支持環(huán)境描述的OWL-CS服務(wù)描述模型。目前，語義Web服務(wù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)本體模型OWL-S的Service類包括了ServiceProfile、ServiceModel和ServiceGrounding三個(gè)類。該報(bào)告在此基礎(chǔ)上在Service類中增加一個(gè)上下文類ServiceContext，該類用于描述服務(wù)的環(huán)境上下文信息。這種擴(kuò)展方法，也使得OWL-CS和OWL-S兼容。通過Protégé 4.3軟件，可以展示OWL-CS的本體結(jié)構(gòu)，并編輯生成具有環(huán)境描述的基于OWL-CS的服務(wù)描述文件。最后，該報(bào)告給出一個(gè)智慧校園中的實(shí)例，進(jìn)一步說明環(huán)境上下文在服務(wù)選擇中的作用。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)不同服務(wù)之間的信息交互和協(xié)作，需要提供一種統(tǒng)一的方法來描述服務(wù)的功能，以進(jìn)行服務(wù)的理解、發(fā)現(xiàn)和協(xié)同。在環(huán)境敏感的場景下，更是需要統(tǒng)一描述服務(wù)環(huán)境的方法。國際上已有研究人員關(guān)注到服務(wù)上下文信息，提出上下文化服務(wù)（Contextual Service）的概念。本報(bào)告在國際上較早開展此類工作，特別是在服務(wù)環(huán)境建模、服務(wù)社會(huì)環(huán)境上下文的研究上具有自己的特色。

關(guān)鍵詞：服務(wù)描述模型 服務(wù)環(huán)境 上下文 社會(huì)屬性

Abstract：Expressibility of information services is one of the key scientific issues of the project. It is a key foundation of accurately designing and describing service process and content， providing dynamic， accurate and scalable information services to meet diverse and uncertain needs of users. This technical report suggests an information service description model for supporting environmental information description， and based on this model， a service description language OWL-CS is suggested. First， this report analyzes environmental factors that impacts information service invocation， composition and collaboration， and divides the environment into natural and social environment. Services natural environment is the service deployment and operation environment relying on the host computers hardware and software， and the social environment is the relationship between services， as well as services and users in service ecosystem. Secondly， the parameters of environmental context and their measurement methods are suggested. The natural environment context refers to any information used to describe the service entities in the natural environment， and the social context refers to any information associated with social attributes showed in services interaction. Again， the context meta model of service environment is established and a service description model OWL-CS is designed and implemented to support the environment description. Currently， OWL-S Service class includes three classes： ServiceProfile， ServiceModel and ServiceGrounding. On this basis， the report adds a new context class ServiceContext. This method also makes OWL-CS and OWL-S compatible. By Protégé 4.3 software， anyone can show the structure of OWL-CS， as well as edit and generate an OWL-CS service description file. Finally， the report gives an example of a smart campus to further illustrate the role of the environment context in service selection operation. Recently， researchers have been studied the service context， and suggested the concept of contextual services. We carry out such work earlier in the world wide. Especially in the study of service environment modeling and services social environment context， our work has own distinguishing features.

Key Words：Service Description Model；Service Environment；Context；Social Attribute

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