How to Learna a Foreign Language 如何學(xué)習(xí)一門外語

Steve Kaufmann 侯冬意

Spend the Time！

By far the most important factor is how much time you spend. The more time you spend on the language， the faster you will learn. This means listening， reading， writing， speaking， and studying words and phrases. This does not mean sitting in class looking out the window， nor listening to other students who do not speak well， nor getting explanations in your own language about how the language works. This means spending time enjoyably connected to the language you are learning.

花時(shí)間，下功夫

顯然，最重要的因素就是你花了多少時(shí)間。你花的時(shí)間越多，就學(xué)的越快。這意味著你要聽、讀、寫、說，以及學(xué)習(xí)單詞和短語，而不是坐在課堂上看著窗外，不是聽其他的同學(xué)說蹩腳的語言，也不是用自己的語言來解釋你所學(xué)語言。你要愉快地花時(shí)間與你所學(xué)的語言聯(lián)系起來。

Listen and Read Every Day！

Listen wherever you are on your MP3 player. Read what you are listening to. Listen to and read things that you like， things that you can mostly understand， or even partly understand. If you keep listening and reading， you will get used to the language. One hour of listening or reading is more effective than many hours of class time.

每天聽和讀

帶上你的MP3隨時(shí)聽，讀你聽到的內(nèi)容。去聽、讀那些你喜歡的、你絕大部分能理解的或者僅部分能理解的內(nèi)容。如果你堅(jiān)持聽與讀，你就能熟悉這門語言。聽或讀一個(gè)小時(shí)比課堂上學(xué)好幾個(gè)小時(shí)更有效。

Focus on Words and Phrases！

Build up your vocabulary， youll need lots. Start to notice words and the way they come together as phrases. Learn these words and phrases through your listening and reading. Read online， using online dictionaries， and make your own vocabulary lists for review. Soon you will run into your new words and phrases elsewhere. Gradually you will be able to use them. Do not worry about how accurately you speak until you have accumulated a plenty of words through listening and reading.

注意單詞與短語

積累你的詞匯量，你需要很大的詞匯量。從留意單詞以及短語搭配方式開始。在聽與讀中學(xué)習(xí)詞匯與短語。進(jìn)行在線閱讀，使用在線的詞典并制作自己的詞匯表以便復(fù)習(xí)。不久你就會(huì)在其他地方碰到這些生詞和短語。漸漸地，你就能使用它們。不要擔(dān)心你說的是否準(zhǔn)確，除非你已經(jīng)通過聽和讀積累了大量的詞語。

Take Responsibility for Your Own Learning！

If you do want to learn the language， take control. Choose content of interest， that you want to listen to and read. Seek out the words and phrases that you need to understand your listening and reading. Do not wait for someone else to show you the language， nor to tell you what to do. Discover the language by yourself， like a child growing up. Talk when you feel like it. Write when you feel like it. A teacher cannot teach you to become fluent， but you can learn to become fluent if you want to.

對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)責(zé)

如果你想學(xué)一門語言，就要主動(dòng)。選擇那些你感興趣的、你愿意去聽與讀的內(nèi)容。找出那些你在聽與讀的過程中需要理解的單詞與短語。不要等著別人來向你展示這門語言，也不要等著別人來教你怎么做。自己去探索它，就像孩子的成長(zhǎng)過程一樣。想說的時(shí)候就說，想寫的時(shí)候就寫。老師不能教你如何說得流利，但是如果你想的話，你可以學(xué)著做到。

Relax and Enjoy Yourself！

Do not worry about what you cannot remember， or cannot yet understand， or cannot yet say. It does not matter. You are learning and improving. The language will gradually become clearer in your brain， but this will happen on a schedule that you cannot control. So sit back and enjoy. Just make sure you spend enough time with the language. That is the greatest guarantee of success.

放輕松、享受學(xué)習(xí)的樂趣

不要擔(dān)心你記不住的、還不理解的或者還說不出來的內(nèi)容。這些都不重要。你在學(xué)并且在進(jìn)步。語言將在你的腦海里逐漸變得清晰，但是這個(gè)過程不受你的時(shí)間表控制。所以放輕松并享受其中的樂趣。只要保證你在這門語言中投入了足夠的時(shí)間，這就是成功的最大保障。