古堰畫鄉(xiāng)：綠水青山間的畫中小鎮(zhèn)

●栗 子

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古堰畫鄉(xiāng)：綠水青山間的畫中小鎮(zhèn)

●栗 子

濱江油畫一條街This riverside street in the tourism zone is home to oil painting studios and galleries.

古堰畫鄉(xiāng)位于浙江省麗水市蓮都區(qū)境內(nèi)，區(qū)域內(nèi)歷史人文底蘊(yùn)深厚，這里有建于公元505年的世界灌溉工程遺產(chǎn)、國家文物保護(hù)單位通濟(jì)堰，它與千年古鎮(zhèn)、千年石函、千年古碑刻群、千年古窯、千年雙龍廟會、千年古樟樹群、千年古墓群等人文勝景，共同展示給世人以獨(dú)特而厚重的歷史遺產(chǎn)。

貫穿古堰畫鄉(xiāng)的浙江省第二大河甌江，景色秀美，生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)良，甌江帆影與兩岸青山、古街古村相掩映，極富江南水鄉(xiāng)韻味。

深厚的歷史人文和秀麗的自然山水，也吸引了各類藝術(shù)家在此描述對美的追求。自十九世紀(jì)六十年代，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)就有大批的畫家和攝影家在此寫生和創(chuàng)作。這里也由此成為國內(nèi)著名的“麗水巴比松”畫派的發(fā)祥地，中國攝影之鄉(xiāng)和國際攝影節(jié)的主要創(chuàng)作基地。

走進(jìn)古堰畫鄉(xiāng)，迎面一棵千年古樟樹，枝椏伸展到甌江邊，像一把撐開的巨傘屹立著。古樹下，是來自全國各地的游客和采風(fēng)、寫生的人群。近年來，來自全國各地的創(chuàng)客在古堰畫鄉(xiāng)投資主題民宿、文化創(chuàng)意等產(chǎn)業(yè)，寧靜的古堰畫鄉(xiāng)因此而煥發(fā)出時代的鄉(xiāng)村魅力。

創(chuàng)意樂園：生態(tài)與藝術(shù)碰撞出火花

古樟、碼頭、老街、畫室，走進(jìn)畫鄉(xiāng)，時間老人仿佛放慢了腳步，一切顯得如此的愜意和恬靜。畫鄉(xiāng)一條街—江濱古街，已有100多年的歷史，臨水而建，一直保持著明清的建筑風(fēng)格，是畫鄉(xiāng)的核心區(qū)域。徜徉在古街上，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)無論墻上、變電箱或是空調(diào)外機(jī)上都揮灑有“創(chuàng)意”的3D油畫；畫室、畫廊、奶茶店、布鞋行慵懶地“躺著”，與古街的氛圍相得益彰。

2006年，麗水職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院老師雷建華在溪邊開了一家“古處畫廊”，近十年里，雷建華不忘提升藝術(shù)水準(zhǔn)，到北京進(jìn)修期間，把浙南的草垛、天空、古宅搬進(jìn)798的畫廊。進(jìn)修后回家鄉(xiāng)授課，不時帶學(xué)生返回小鎮(zhèn)寫生，和以前一樣，自帶板凳，一畫就是一天。

剛從意大利游學(xué)回來的鄭寶英畢業(yè)于縉云工藝美術(shù)學(xué)校，是個自由畫家，3年前來到古堰畫鄉(xiāng)，就愛上了這里的山山水水?！霸谶@里能找到藝術(shù)的靈感?！编崒氂⒄f。如今，她已在古堰畫鄉(xiāng)安了家。隨著生活的深入，麗水的巴比松油畫與人結(jié)合得更為緊密，把麗水的鄉(xiāng)土人情也描繪得更為淋漓盡致。

古堰畫鄉(xiāng)是八百里甌江最瑰麗的河段，在這里，有的是帆影重重、船槳聲聲的悠閑時光，而一年四季、手執(zhí)畫筆分散在各個角落的畫家們又為古堰畫鄉(xiāng)增添了一抹濃重的人文氣息。截至2014年，景區(qū)已有各類藝術(shù)業(yè)態(tài)97家。其中，油畫企業(yè)71家；國畫16家、鋼筆畫3家、藝術(shù)展覽館6家、博物館1家，巴比松畫派群體發(fā)展到280余人。

這里已經(jīng)成為國內(nèi)著名的油畫寫生創(chuàng)作基地，包括中國美院、中央美院等全國300余家藝術(shù)院校在此建立了教學(xué)實(shí)踐基地，每年前來寫生創(chuàng)作的畫家和學(xué)生超過12萬人次，接待規(guī)模和接待層次位居全國前列。2015年“麗水巴比松”畫派遠(yuǎn)赴法國，與法國巴比松畫派進(jìn)行了深入的學(xué)術(shù)交流，成為中國油畫界首個與法國巴比松建立友好關(guān)系的畫派。

畫中古堰，夢中老街。如今，隨著畫家行、3D展、夜游季等一系列活動的推出，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)這幅“老”畫換上了新景，在甌江邊煥然新生。

走在古街，不時會被一些新的文化藝苑所驚艷。在“添藝畫苑”，畫師雷發(fā)榮正聚精會神地在一片香樟木板上作油畫，滿屋散發(fā)著香樟樹和油畫的香味。雷發(fā)榮說，把香樟樹鋸成片，稍加清洗、打磨后，就可變成“畫布”，用來作畫。40歲的雷發(fā)榮將麗水本土風(fēng)光畫在具有濃郁鄉(xiāng)土、生態(tài)特色的香樟木板上，形成了獨(dú)具特色的香樟油畫，受到游客歡迎，畫苑生意不錯。

而這樣的創(chuàng)意在秀山麗水的古堰畫鄉(xiāng)比比皆是。怪不得有人說，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)是一幅行進(jìn)中的鄉(xiāng)土中國縮影、一份“綠水青山就是金山銀山”的發(fā)展標(biāo)本、一個有故事的浙南小鎮(zhèn)。

通濟(jì)堰Tongji Dyke, built in 505AD, a national cultural relic

創(chuàng)客天堂：文化與旅游比翼齊飛

在古堰畫鄉(xiāng)有一家叫“芷有一間”的茶室，可以在山環(huán)水繞間坐看岫壑浮云，很有味道。店如其名，茶室為主，民宿為輔，店內(nèi)只有一間客房。老板吳仲銀是江蘇無錫人，曾經(jīng)是位資深的旅游記者。他走遍大江南北，來到麗水后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的寧靜秀美讓人流連忘返。

新開的民宿“畫中游”也很吸引眼球，門廳上一塊藝術(shù)造型的門牌令人驚艷。“光是這塊門牌就花了幾萬元?！崩习尻惤鹑适且晃划嫾?，10多年前來到古堰畫鄉(xiāng)，3年前開始從事民宿經(jīng)營。陳金仁的身份也從古堰畫鄉(xiāng)油畫協(xié)會會長，變成了古堰畫鄉(xiāng)旅游行業(yè)協(xié)會副會長。

甌江邊上的寫生者 陳擁軍 攝By the Ou River, a photo by Chen Yongjun

“文化與旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)有很多方面其實(shí)是相通的?！痹陉惤鹑实牡昀?，老式樓梯、書架、草簾、水車，處處可以感受到文化的魅力。游客可以在這里喝茶聊天，體驗(yàn)農(nóng)家慢生活，還可以攝影作畫。

“古堰畫鄉(xiāng)”以堰聞名、以畫為魂、以生態(tài)為根，融山水風(fēng)光和歷史文化于一體。歷經(jīng)十年發(fā)展，通過4A級景區(qū)和特色小鎮(zhèn)的創(chuàng)建，這里已逐漸成為創(chuàng)客們大展宏圖的舞臺。

特別是2015年，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)成功入選浙江省首批37個特色小鎮(zhèn)，同時躋身浙江省首批3個“服務(wù)業(yè)特色小鎮(zhèn)”創(chuàng)新試點(diǎn)行列，新一輪發(fā)展迎來重大機(jī)遇。2015年上半年，接待人次同比遞增23.6%，營業(yè)收入同比遞增40%。

據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)叵嚓P(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，下一步，通過文化創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)基地、江濱創(chuàng)意街區(qū)、創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)客基地、通濟(jì)堰養(yǎng)生園、“隱居畫鄉(xiāng)”高端民宿、“玩攝影”營地、5D夢幻油畫館和酒吧一條街等一系列項(xiàng)目的陸續(xù)建設(shè)，這里將逐步形成繪畫藝術(shù)、休閑旅游、美術(shù)教育、文化電商、景觀農(nóng)業(yè)等五大產(chǎn)業(yè)板塊，進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境。

“隱居畫鄉(xiāng)”是古堰畫鄉(xiāng)管委會為了進(jìn)一步提升景區(qū)民宿建設(shè)水平，而積極引進(jìn)的“招牌”項(xiàng)目。該項(xiàng)目于2015年引入，由浙江隱居集團(tuán)負(fù)責(zé)投資。“隱居畫鄉(xiāng)”作為當(dāng)前古堰畫鄉(xiāng)景區(qū)最高端的民宿，是一個集酒店、度假、文化等元素為一體的度假生活平臺，進(jìn)一步提升了古堰畫鄉(xiāng)整體接待水平和文化品位，對當(dāng)?shù)孛袼薜奶厣ㄔO(shè)起到了引領(lǐng)示范和帶動作用。

文化是創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的靈魂，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)高度重視歷史文化的挖掘保護(hù)，以及對創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)文化的培育引領(lǐng)。按照“理念創(chuàng)新、文旅并重、跨界思維”的視角，建立了以“巴比松油畫”文化為核心，千年港埠文化、千年古堰文化等為輔的多元文化體系。并按照藝術(shù)小鎮(zhèn)、旅游小鎮(zhèn)和創(chuàng)業(yè)小鎮(zhèn)“三鎮(zhèn)合一”的理念，打造特色小鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村旅游創(chuàng)客基地，吸引了一批創(chuàng)意畫坊、青瓷工藝、手工竹編等文化創(chuàng)意項(xiàng)目入駐，進(jìn)一步豐富了文化旅游業(yè)態(tài)。目前，中國文旅創(chuàng)聯(lián)已計(jì)劃在景區(qū)建設(shè)創(chuàng)客基地，浙江凱恩集團(tuán)也已計(jì)劃建立古堰畫鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)客基金，為下一步規(guī)模引進(jìn)創(chuàng)客資源奠定基礎(chǔ)。

古堰畫鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)管委會相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，通過對傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)耕水利文化的挖掘傳承和弘揚(yáng)，培育以油畫為主導(dǎo)的文化產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈和休閑度假旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，在未來三年，古堰畫鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)情小鎮(zhèn)將完成總投資51.91億元，打造成為長三角地區(qū)知名的綜合型文化旅游目的地。

A Paradise for Oil-Painters and Cultural Innovators

By Li Zi

Guyan Huaxiang (Ancient Dyke and Land of Painting) is a tourism zone with Dagangtou Town as its core in Lishui, a region traversed by the Ou River, the second largest river in Zhejiang. Boasting an inviting Jiangnan ‘water town’ vista, the zone has drawn in painting artists and photographers from all over the country since the 1980s, and is widely recognized as the birthplace of the ‘Barbizon school’ of China and a key rendezvous for photography enthusiasts and professionals from all over the world. The development of the zone in recent years features strong entrepreneurial flavors contributed by cultural innovators coming from all over the country.

千年古樟迎遠(yuǎn)客 王建平 攝Ancient Camphor Trees Welcome Visitors from Afar, a photo by Wang Jianping

A ready source of inspiration for oil-painting artists

Time seems to have frozen up in the pleasant serenity of the zone. The zone is composed of small ancient villages, ancient ceramic kilns, huge camphor trees, in addition to the Tongji Dyke built in 505 AD, a key cultural relic under the protection of the national government. With a history of over 100 years, the riverside street in the town is flanked by Ming and Qing-style architecture. Oil painting creations can be seen everywhere. Even the box covers of the town’s transformer stations are decorated with 3D oil-painting works.

Over the past decade, the zone has been a sketch destination frequented by Lei Jianhua, an art teacher from a local vocational school and the owner of the first oil-painting studio in the zone. He and his students would bring stools and spend a whole day here, indulging in the enchant-ing scenery and practicing painting from real life.

Coming back from her study in Italy, freelance painter Zheng Baoying fell in love with the picturesque town when she found this place three years ago. She settled down for a peaceful life as well as new inspiration for her artistic pursuits.

The zone has the most picturesque part of the Ou River within its territory. The mesmerizing seasonal beauty of the river has nurtured a robust Barbizon artist community that is now served by six art galleries, one museum, seventy-one oil-painting companies, and nineteen enterprises specializing in traditional Chinese painting and pen drawing. The zone also serves as a key teaching base for more than 300 art schools in China, including such prestigious institutions as China Art Academy and the Central Academy of Fine Arts. In 2015, the Barbizon artists based in the zone talked with the French Barbizon artists in a seminar held in France, making the Barbizon artists of Lishui the first oil-painting community in China to shake hands with the French counterparts.

甌江之舟（油畫） 胡蘇麗 作 Boats on the Ou River, oil painting by Hu Suli

A paradise for cultural innovators

The town is the new home of Wu Zhongyin, formerly a senior journalist and travel writer. Fascinated by the tranquility and exquisite beauty of Lishui and the unique artsy atmosphere of the ancient zone, he settled down to run a teahouse which he named ‘The Only One’ and truly has only one guestroom.

One of the homestay places in the town is run by Chen Jinren, who came here about 10 years ago. The man launched his business three years ago. Formerly a member of the zone’s Oil-painting Artists Association, Chen is now the deputy chair of the local Tourism Association.

In 2015, the oil-painting town became one of the 37 ‘charming towns in Zhejiang’.

Future development of the painting zone, based on the launch of a series of high-end projects including a photography camping site, a 5D oil-painting studio and a bar street, will bring the quality of the entrepreneurial environment to a new level. The zone has also caught the eye of China Cultural International Tours and Zhejiang Kan Group, both having announced investment plans to launch an entrepreneurial base in the town. A total of about 5 billion yuan will be put into a three-year development scheme that aims to build the town into a coveted cultural tourism destination in the Yangtze River Delta region of China.