云物理與人工影響天氣研究進(jìn)展

大氣物理與人工影響天氣

云物理與人工影響天氣研究進(jìn)展

1 科研項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展

2016年，中國(guó)氣象局人工影響天氣中心承擔(dān)的各項(xiàng)國(guó)家級(jí)項(xiàng)目取得重要進(jìn)展，并申請(qǐng)獲得一些新的研究項(xiàng)目，包括國(guó)家科技計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)1項(xiàng)，自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目3項(xiàng)，氣科院基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目2項(xiàng)，中國(guó)氣象局2016年度留學(xué)人員科技活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目擇優(yōu)資助項(xiàng)目1項(xiàng)。承擔(dān)的重要科研項(xiàng)目主要進(jìn)展如下。

1.1 機(jī)載云粒子測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的研究和開發(fā)

國(guó)家重大科學(xué)儀器設(shè)備開發(fā)專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目“機(jī)載云降水粒子譜儀與成像儀研制”完成了項(xiàng)目的研究任務(wù)，并通過了初步驗(yàn)收。項(xiàng)目已按期完成包括云粒子譜儀、云粒子成像儀、降水粒子成像儀樣機(jī)和軟件的研制任務(wù)，并進(jìn)行了一系列儀器基礎(chǔ)參數(shù)測(cè)試、系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性試驗(yàn)及外場(chǎng)飛行試驗(yàn)。研制儀器已累計(jì)進(jìn)行了60多架次的飛行試驗(yàn)，依據(jù)飛行試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，進(jìn)行了反復(fù)的性能改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化。與國(guó)外同類產(chǎn)品的對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，項(xiàng)目研制產(chǎn)品在粒子測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)方面與國(guó)外產(chǎn)品具有較好的一致性。在軟件系統(tǒng)研制方面，完成了控制軟件的集成開發(fā)。項(xiàng)目成果已在吉林、山西等省人工影響天氣部門得到應(yīng)用，取得了良好效果，在國(guó)家級(jí)重大項(xiàng)目科學(xué)試驗(yàn)、人工影響天氣業(yè)務(wù)保障等方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。項(xiàng)目成果已初步具備工程化與產(chǎn)業(yè)化條件，主要儀器性能指標(biāo)達(dá)到國(guó)際同類產(chǎn)品水平。（開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室）

1.2 青藏高原云降水物理與大氣水循環(huán)研究

第3次青藏高原大氣科學(xué)試驗(yàn)第3課題“青藏高原云降水物理與大氣水循環(huán)”取得重要進(jìn)展。2016年度，進(jìn)一步對(duì)2014—2015年度夏季青藏高原科學(xué)試驗(yàn)取得的綜合探測(cè)資料進(jìn)行深入分析和研究，并開展了數(shù)值模擬和衛(wèi)星反演研究。獲取了青藏高原夏季云和降水變化的重要特征。結(jié)合飛機(jī)觀測(cè)資料，分析了高原那曲地區(qū)上空云降水粒子的微物理特性；開展了青藏高原云底溫度、邊界層比濕反演校驗(yàn)，開展了模式云微物理過程的檢驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)證，建立了基于伽馬函數(shù)的云滴譜3參數(shù)方案。利用MODIS衛(wèi)星云水氣候資料研究了高原云中水分循環(huán)特征。（開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室）

1.3 其他項(xiàng)目研究進(jìn)展

（1）行業(yè)專項(xiàng)“民機(jī)適航性驗(yàn)證自然結(jié)冰氣象條件研究”，2016年3月在安徽開展飛機(jī)結(jié)冰氣象探測(cè)試驗(yàn)，探測(cè)到飛機(jī)結(jié)冰。（區(qū)域中心管理辦公室，作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

（2）行業(yè)專項(xiàng)“南方大范圍云系人工增雨作業(yè)潛力與作業(yè)技術(shù)研究”，進(jìn)行了2015年外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)資料的處理、微波輻射與探空探測(cè)的擬合程度分析，組織開展了FY-2衛(wèi)星云微物理反演、短時(shí)強(qiáng)降水云物理過程分析等。（區(qū)域中心管理辦公室）

（3）行業(yè)專項(xiàng)“人工增雨隨機(jī)化外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)和效果檢驗(yàn)技術(shù)研究”，2016年在吉林、山東、福建、海南4省試驗(yàn)區(qū)繼續(xù)開展了人工增雨隨機(jī)化外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)，4個(gè)試驗(yàn)區(qū)在2016年共獲取了32個(gè)隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)樣本。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

（4）行業(yè)專項(xiàng)“層狀云人工增雨作業(yè)條件識(shí)別和效果分析技術(shù)”在云降水精細(xì)處理和分析技術(shù)、增雨條件和效果監(jiān)測(cè)識(shí)別、云降水?dāng)?shù)值模擬和催化模擬等方面進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的研究；探索基于多尺度人工增雨概念模型建立的思路和技術(shù)方法，建立了華北層狀云系作業(yè)條件監(jiān)測(cè)識(shí)別指標(biāo)和低渦氣旋云系增雨條件模式識(shí)別指標(biāo)；開展了基于擴(kuò)散傳輸計(jì)算的不同條件下人工增雨作業(yè)影響區(qū)確定及催化效果物理響應(yīng)的分析研究，建立了多參量區(qū)域動(dòng)態(tài)作業(yè)效果物理檢驗(yàn)計(jì)算方法（K值法），開展了不同條件作業(yè)數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)；發(fā)展了云降水精細(xì)分析系統(tǒng)（CPAS）核心技術(shù)，基于該技術(shù)，國(guó)家級(jí)和河北、河南及山西等試點(diǎn)省建立了先進(jìn)的人工影響天氣（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“人影”）綜合分析和指揮平臺(tái)，同時(shí)利用該課題研究成果成功指揮多次飛機(jī)增雨作業(yè)，取得了作業(yè)實(shí)效。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

（5）基金項(xiàng)目“基于功效分析的非隨機(jī)化人工增雨作業(yè)效果檢驗(yàn)最優(yōu)實(shí)用統(tǒng)計(jì)方案研究”在前期研究的4種統(tǒng)計(jì)檢驗(yàn)方案中，針對(duì)功效較高的區(qū)域歷史回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)檢驗(yàn)方案進(jìn)行了深入研究，研究成果于2016年7月開始在全國(guó)人影業(yè)務(wù)部門推廣應(yīng)用。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

（6）多項(xiàng)室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)課題取得了階段性研究成果?！氨本┑貐^(qū)人工消減霧霾試驗(yàn)研究”在消霧霾催化劑和暖云催化劑研究方面取得了階段性成果。對(duì)4種配方燃燒型催化劑、10余種吸濕性稀土物質(zhì)、2種吸水性高分子粉末、8種粉末表面活性劑和2種液態(tài)表面活性劑進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)研究，對(duì)比和篩選高效新型催化劑。同時(shí)在吉林敦化進(jìn)行爆炸型人影彈配方的改進(jìn)試驗(yàn)。開展了暖云膨脹云室的建設(shè)。（開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室，裝備研發(fā)與保障室）

2 科研成果及其推廣應(yīng)用

2.1 人影飛機(jī)作業(yè)和探測(cè)科學(xué)試驗(yàn)

東北人影工程建設(shè)的2架集成高性能云物理探測(cè)和作業(yè)飛機(jī)，積極參與東北區(qū)域和中部、西南、西北等區(qū)域飛機(jī)增雨作業(yè)服務(wù)，并且按照中國(guó)氣象局部署參與了飛機(jī)自然結(jié)冰探測(cè)試驗(yàn)、東北冷渦飛機(jī)外場(chǎng)探測(cè)試驗(yàn)等科學(xué)試驗(yàn)以及G20杭州峰會(huì)人工消減雨作業(yè)試驗(yàn)等氣象服務(wù)保障工作。試運(yùn)行階段，國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)充分發(fā)揮了高性能、先進(jìn)性和跨區(qū)域作業(yè)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，既實(shí)現(xiàn)了東北區(qū)域人影工程建設(shè)目標(biāo)要求，試運(yùn)行中探索的運(yùn)行管理模式也為后續(xù)其他區(qū)域工程項(xiàng)目建設(shè)提供了很好的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。（區(qū)域中心管理辦公室）

2.2 人影綜合業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)推廣應(yīng)用

東北人影工程建設(shè)的1套區(qū)域、省、市、縣4級(jí)的人影綜合業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)，完整實(shí)現(xiàn)了人影5段實(shí)時(shí)業(yè)務(wù)功能并建立了區(qū)域、省、市縣到作業(yè)站點(diǎn)的上下協(xié)同的業(yè)務(wù)流程，為構(gòu)建“橫向到邊、縱向到底”的人影業(yè)務(wù)體系提供平臺(tái)支撐。在完成試點(diǎn)應(yīng)用后，在東北區(qū)域內(nèi)4個(gè)省級(jí)、40個(gè)市級(jí)和15個(gè)縣級(jí)及相關(guān)作業(yè)點(diǎn)部署業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)，開展業(yè)務(wù)試運(yùn)行。東北區(qū)域、4省（區(qū)）人員會(huì)同國(guó)家級(jí)團(tuán)隊(duì)共同編寫《東北區(qū)域人影綜合業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)部署工作方案》。以遼寧為第1個(gè)全省大范圍部署和使用試點(diǎn)，順利完成全省安裝、部署、聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試。隨后依次開展吉林、內(nèi)蒙古、黑龍江的全省安裝部署和聯(lián)試。同時(shí)，該系統(tǒng)部分核心業(yè)務(wù)功能在寧夏、山西、陜西、河北、江蘇等省進(jìn)行了推廣應(yīng)用。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

2.3 人影作業(yè)裝備彈藥物聯(lián)網(wǎng)管理系統(tǒng)推廣應(yīng)用

編制完成《人工影響天氣作業(yè)信息格式規(guī)范（試行）》和《人工影響天氣作業(yè)裝備與彈藥標(biāo)識(shí)編碼技術(shù)規(guī)范（試行）》，并通過減災(zāi)司下發(fā)全國(guó)各人影業(yè)務(wù)單位執(zhí)行。

組織建設(shè)“人影作業(yè)裝備彈藥物聯(lián)網(wǎng)管理系統(tǒng)”，開發(fā)人影作業(yè)裝備彈藥出廠驗(yàn)收及質(zhì)量管理系統(tǒng)、人影作業(yè)裝備彈藥信息管理系統(tǒng)、飛機(jī)與地面作業(yè)信息實(shí)時(shí)采集監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)；在貴州、陜西、河南、北京分別建立不同技術(shù)模式的省級(jí)應(yīng)用示范，實(shí)現(xiàn)人影作業(yè)裝備與彈藥的全程、規(guī)范、自動(dòng)、實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控與管理。聯(lián)合上海物資管理處和國(guó)家氣象信息中心，完成國(guó)家級(jí)與示范省級(jí)聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試，對(duì)基層指揮作業(yè)人員進(jìn)行操作培訓(xùn)，項(xiàng)目完成后將優(yōu)選出可用于全國(guó)各省市推廣的技術(shù)模式與系統(tǒng)，提高人影作業(yè)安全管理的科技水平和業(yè)務(wù)現(xiàn)代化程度。（裝備研發(fā)與保障室，區(qū)域中心管理辦公室）

2.4 業(yè)務(wù)技術(shù)指南編制及其在省級(jí)推廣應(yīng)用

梳理空中云水資源評(píng)估和作業(yè)效果檢驗(yàn)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)方法和思路，編寫《云水資源評(píng)估技術(shù)指南（2016版）》和《人工增雨作業(yè)效果檢驗(yàn)技術(shù)指南（2016版）》，通過專家咨詢和評(píng)審，已于7月推廣至省級(jí)人影部門試用。

指導(dǎo)省級(jí)人影部門開展效果檢驗(yàn)和云水資源評(píng)估的本地化釋用和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)優(yōu)化。湖北、海南等省根據(jù)《云水資源評(píng)估技術(shù)指南》中的技術(shù)方法初步對(duì)本省云水資源進(jìn)行評(píng)估釋用。編寫《云水資源評(píng)估物理量輸出格式及規(guī)范（2016版）》。在河北邢臺(tái)組織空-地聯(lián)合云水資源綜合觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)，利用飛機(jī)、地基云雷達(dá)、激光雷達(dá)等探測(cè)手段，對(duì)云降水長(zhǎng)時(shí)序加密觀測(cè)，獲取云結(jié)構(gòu)精細(xì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，用于云場(chǎng)診斷等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)檢驗(yàn)。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

2.5 精細(xì)化數(shù)值模式作業(yè)條件預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)

編寫完成人工影響天氣模式預(yù)報(bào)宏觀云場(chǎng)檢驗(yàn)方案，分別形成國(guó)家級(jí)和省級(jí)檢驗(yàn)方案，《人工影響天氣模式系統(tǒng)云和降水預(yù)報(bào)產(chǎn)品省級(jí)檢驗(yàn)方案(2016版)》，指導(dǎo)各地開展檢驗(yàn)工作，形成了人工影響天氣保障服務(wù)典型個(gè)例檢驗(yàn)集。

優(yōu)化CAMS方案，開展了模式人影預(yù)報(bào)產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)。開發(fā)了云底高度、云底溫度預(yù)報(bào)產(chǎn)品，利用云雷達(dá)、激光雷達(dá)、云高儀等觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品檢驗(yàn)。對(duì)WRF_CAMS模式的預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)試、檢驗(yàn)、驗(yàn)收準(zhǔn)備；在此基礎(chǔ)上形成的云降水顯式預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)（CPEFS_v1.0）已業(yè)務(wù)化運(yùn)行。

開展 LAPS-WRF-CAMS同化預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用多個(gè)例檢驗(yàn)，開展了人影催化模式多個(gè)例催化模擬試驗(yàn)。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

3 綜合外場(chǎng)觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)

3.1 科學(xué)觀測(cè)外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)

在安徽池州、安慶地區(qū)與商飛集團(tuán)、上海氣象局、安徽氣象局合作開展飛機(jī)自然結(jié)冰探測(cè)試驗(yàn)，收集了大量試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和資料。自然結(jié)冰探測(cè)試驗(yàn)開創(chuàng)了國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)為國(guó)家重大項(xiàng)目建設(shè)提供氣象保障的先河。

針對(duì)黃淮氣旋過程云系和降水特征，編制《東北國(guó)家級(jí)效果檢驗(yàn)區(qū)東北冷渦云系空-地聯(lián)合飛機(jī)探測(cè)與作業(yè)科學(xué)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方案》和《東北國(guó)家級(jí)效果檢驗(yàn)區(qū)東北冷渦云系空-地聯(lián)合飛機(jī)探測(cè)與作業(yè)科學(xué)試驗(yàn)實(shí)施方案》，針對(duì)黃淮氣旋中小尺度垂直結(jié)構(gòu)以及中尺度結(jié)構(gòu)啟動(dòng)了飛機(jī)外場(chǎng)觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)。9月，在南方開展針對(duì)積云、層積云的催化及探測(cè)試驗(yàn)，作業(yè)中采用了冷暖云催化方法。持續(xù)開展廬山云霧宏微觀特征外場(chǎng)觀測(cè)研究，5—6月開展了春夏季廬山云霧觀測(cè)。（人影中心）

3.2 科學(xué)試驗(yàn)觀測(cè)資料分析

針對(duì)外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)，收集和整理了包括飛機(jī)、衛(wèi)星、雷達(dá)、探空和地面降水、溫壓場(chǎng)等綜合探測(cè)資料，并初步建立了數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)（飛機(jī)綜合外場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)v1.0）。對(duì)廬山云霧站的數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行了完善，將觀測(cè)資料進(jìn)行了整理，并編制數(shù)據(jù)格式說明。分氣溶膠和云探測(cè)2個(gè)小組對(duì)現(xiàn)有飛機(jī)觀測(cè)資料進(jìn)行整理分析，以及對(duì)G20保障的飛機(jī)資料進(jìn)行分析。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心，開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室）

4 人工影響天氣業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)展

4.1 實(shí)施3年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，推進(jìn)人影業(yè)務(wù)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)

人影中心成立了實(shí)施人影現(xiàn)代化3年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，編制了《人影現(xiàn)代化行動(dòng)計(jì)劃關(guān)鍵任務(wù)推進(jìn)方案》，明確4項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)任務(wù)和2項(xiàng)技術(shù)系統(tǒng)任務(wù)，組建由國(guó)家級(jí)牽頭、省級(jí)參加的技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)，組織召開了7次由不同省區(qū)市參加的技術(shù)交流會(huì)，指導(dǎo)各省開展人影關(guān)鍵技術(shù)工作，有效促進(jìn)了全國(guó)各地人影工作任務(wù)的推進(jìn)和作業(yè)實(shí)效的提高。多項(xiàng)3年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃工作成果已在全國(guó)推廣應(yīng)用。

組織召開第2屆全國(guó)人工影響天氣中心主任會(huì)，進(jìn)一步提高了對(duì)人影業(yè)務(wù)現(xiàn)代化的認(rèn)識(shí)，交流了人影業(yè)務(wù)現(xiàn)代化的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，展示了人影裝備彈藥全程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)和綜合業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)的階段成果。

組織開展全國(guó)3年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃實(shí)施情況的中期評(píng)估工作。協(xié)助全國(guó)人影科技咨評(píng)委組建評(píng)估專家組，對(duì)全國(guó)各省的自評(píng)估報(bào)告分別開展實(shí)地和書面評(píng)估調(diào)研，經(jīng)評(píng)估專家組審議，形成最終評(píng)審結(jié)論。

開展基于衛(wèi)星、探空和地面觀測(cè)的云底高度算法研究，并與地基云高儀和激光雷達(dá)、云雷達(dá)等云底實(shí)測(cè)資料對(duì)比檢驗(yàn)，提出并優(yōu)化云底高度算法，研發(fā)云底高度反演產(chǎn)品。升級(jí)了基于衛(wèi)星等綜合觀測(cè)的云特性反演產(chǎn)品，正在中試檢驗(yàn)中。

組織北京、河北、內(nèi)蒙古、遼寧、陜西、貴州、重慶等11個(gè)省區(qū)市召開“人影作業(yè)概念模型和指標(biāo)體系”交流會(huì)，邀請(qǐng)中央氣象臺(tái)首席預(yù)報(bào)員對(duì)各省已有的概念模型及指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)，督促各省進(jìn)行梳理總結(jié)。提出了人影作業(yè)概念模型和指標(biāo)體系的分析方法，建立了低槽冷鋒類層狀云增雨概念模型的建立方法研究。

開展雷達(dá)在人影中的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀調(diào)研，通過典型省調(diào)研和全國(guó)現(xiàn)狀分析，初步編寫完成《雷達(dá)在人影中應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀評(píng)估及需求分析》報(bào)告。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心）

4.2 重大氣象服務(wù)保障

2016年9月，G20杭州峰會(huì)人影保障服務(wù)期間，人影中心指導(dǎo)浙江省局編制《人工消減雨作業(yè)試驗(yàn)實(shí)施方案》；組建由北京、山西、安徽?。ㄊ校┤擞稗k專家，以及北京大學(xué)、中國(guó)科學(xué)院大氣物理研究所、南京大學(xué)、南京信息工程大學(xué)等院所知名教授或研究員組成的技術(shù)支持專家團(tuán)隊(duì)，共同把脈指導(dǎo)作業(yè)方案設(shè)計(jì)，配合浙江省氣象局圓滿完成保障任務(wù)。在杭州安裝調(diào)試云降水精細(xì)分析CPAS平臺(tái)，在北京制作3 km分辨率的云場(chǎng)精細(xì)預(yù)報(bào)作業(yè)條件預(yù)報(bào)、監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警、方案設(shè)計(jì)等專報(bào)；調(diào)派2架國(guó)家級(jí)增雨機(jī)，多次組織實(shí)施雙機(jī)立體作業(yè)的演練與實(shí)戰(zhàn)；開展基于衛(wèi)星、雷達(dá)和雨量等觀測(cè)資料的多參數(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)比物理檢驗(yàn)。G20服務(wù)保障讓人影中心首次從幕后走到臺(tái)前，梳理建立了重大活動(dòng)保障的工作模式，首次實(shí)現(xiàn)了人影實(shí)時(shí)技術(shù)流程，是對(duì)人影現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)成果的一次集中檢驗(yàn)。（人影中心）

4.3 國(guó)家級(jí)人影業(yè)務(wù)指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)工作

面向全國(guó)每日發(fā)布7類衛(wèi)星云特征參量監(jiān)測(cè)反演產(chǎn)品和4大類20小類模式預(yù)報(bào)產(chǎn)品，實(shí)時(shí)收集全國(guó)飛機(jī)和地面作業(yè)信息。每周制作《未來一周人影作業(yè)需求分析》和《全國(guó)人影作業(yè)信息報(bào)》（48期）；每月制作《全國(guó)人影作業(yè)信息上報(bào)質(zhì)量報(bào)》（11期）；收集各省人工影響天氣相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)動(dòng)態(tài)、科技進(jìn)展、重大服務(wù)信息等，每季度編制完成《全國(guó)人工影響天氣工作動(dòng)態(tài)》（4期）。

針對(duì)中部、東北區(qū)域增雨作業(yè)，甘肅迭部林火，內(nèi)蒙古草原火災(zāi)等服務(wù)任務(wù)，制作《作業(yè)過程預(yù)報(bào)和飛行計(jì)劃》6期，組織專題會(huì)商近10次，制作發(fā)布《人影作業(yè)條件潛力預(yù)報(bào)和飛行預(yù)案》專報(bào)16期；開展作業(yè)條件監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警，發(fā)布預(yù)警報(bào)10期。

規(guī)范人影飛機(jī)作業(yè)信息編碼內(nèi)容和格式，升級(jí)北斗監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，完善CPAS指揮平臺(tái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)作業(yè)飛機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和跟蹤指揮，選取試點(diǎn)省開展業(yè)務(wù)適用。

開展全國(guó)飛機(jī)作業(yè)方案設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)狀調(diào)研，初步制定飛機(jī)作業(yè)方案設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范。收集全國(guó)飛機(jī)作業(yè)信息，針對(duì)重點(diǎn)過程開展合理性分析，制作完成《重大活動(dòng)人工影響天氣效果分析報(bào)》模板。編制完成“飛機(jī)作業(yè)過程分析要點(diǎn)”及2個(gè)示例，供各省人影業(yè)務(wù)單位參考使用。

開展全國(guó)人影機(jī)載通信和信息傳輸現(xiàn)狀調(diào)研，并在調(diào)研基礎(chǔ)上完善基于北斗監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的飛機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和信息傳輸系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)北斗作業(yè)飛機(jī)地面端跟蹤指揮，作業(yè)狀態(tài)的實(shí)時(shí)顯示，目前正在開展省級(jí)的試點(diǎn)工作。

在CPAS-WMC V1.0業(yè)務(wù)平臺(tái)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)了云降水顯式預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)（CPEFS-v1.0）預(yù)報(bào)產(chǎn)品的顯示和綜合分析功能，新增組合反射率、云底高度（溫度）、雷達(dá)回波、溫度和高度垂直結(jié)構(gòu)綜合圖。

與黑龍江、吉林、遼寧、內(nèi)蒙古4省區(qū)人影辦制定發(fā)布了《東北區(qū)域國(guó)家高性能增雨飛機(jī)試運(yùn)行管理暫行規(guī)定》；人影中心制定發(fā)布了《國(guó)家高性能增雨飛機(jī)飛行作業(yè)流程》《指揮崗觀測(cè)崗和作業(yè)崗職責(zé)》《新舟60增雨機(jī)任務(wù)系統(tǒng)操作卡》《飛機(jī)增雨和探測(cè)飛行基本業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)范》《MA60人工增雨系統(tǒng)操作手冊(cè)》。通過對(duì)這些管理辦法和儀器設(shè)備操作規(guī)程的不斷修訂完善，逐步提高了國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)管理工作的規(guī)范化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化水平。

分別在北京和陜西閻良舉辦了云物理探測(cè)設(shè)備培訓(xùn)班（1期、2期）和機(jī)載任務(wù)系統(tǒng)培訓(xùn)班。來自中國(guó)氣象局人影中心、東北區(qū)域4省區(qū)人影辦（中心）和北京、江西、河南、四川、甘肅人影辦（中心）的近90人參加了培訓(xùn)。使業(yè)務(wù)人員全面了解高性能作業(yè)飛機(jī)任務(wù)的組成、功能性能，掌握探測(cè)設(shè)備的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理、操作使用，提升系統(tǒng)管理、故障診斷和排除、日常維護(hù)、數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量控制、相關(guān)軟件使用和管理的能力。

以國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)為平臺(tái)，積極調(diào)動(dòng)科技人員開展內(nèi)部協(xié)作交流，并加強(qiáng)與北京、河南、山西、安徽等省級(jí)間業(yè)務(wù)技術(shù)協(xié)作和交流，積極吸納各類人影業(yè)務(wù)科研人員參與飛機(jī)作業(yè)探測(cè)任務(wù)和飛機(jī)探測(cè)資料應(yīng)用分析工作，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)人才培養(yǎng)和科研成果孵化的雙豐收。

試運(yùn)行期間除了多次組織機(jī)載任務(wù)系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)查與軟件改進(jìn)測(cè)試工作外，還結(jié)合飛機(jī)?？康厥〖?jí)增雨抗旱需求，抓住有利降水過程，積極開展國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)和河南、山西、陜西、安徽和東北區(qū)域4省區(qū)地方飛機(jī)在內(nèi)的多機(jī)聯(lián)合作業(yè)以及空地一體化探測(cè)試驗(yàn)，尤其是在G20峰會(huì)重大氣象服務(wù)保障中，利用機(jī)載任務(wù)系統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，發(fā)揮國(guó)家增雨飛機(jī)的建設(shè)效益，同時(shí)積累典型增雨作業(yè)和探測(cè)個(gè)例。

截至12月10日，2架新舟60增雨飛機(jī)累計(jì)飛行101架次，共計(jì)270 h。其中，增雨飛機(jī)B-3726累計(jì)飛行47架次共122 h，增雨飛機(jī)B-3435累計(jì)飛行54架次共148 h，2架增雨飛機(jī)共經(jīng)停15個(gè)省/市。（作業(yè)指揮與運(yùn)行中心, 區(qū)域中心管理辦公室）

4.4 人影裝備安全管理和技術(shù)審查

編制完成了《人工影響天氣專用技術(shù)裝備使用許可技術(shù)審查辦法》。提出增雨防雹高炮和火箭技術(shù)性能要求、測(cè)試方案。組織編寫的行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)項(xiàng)目“增雨防雹高炮系統(tǒng)技術(shù)要求”和“增雨防雹火箭技術(shù)要求”已通過人影標(biāo)委會(huì)組織的終審。與上海物管處一起完成《37 mm人工增雨防雹炮彈質(zhì)量考核試驗(yàn)辦法》上報(bào)稿；完成《人工影響天氣增雨防雹火箭彈考核試驗(yàn)辦法》評(píng)審。

組織完成了對(duì)華云公司“HY-R型增雨防雹燃?xì)馀凇奔夹g(shù)性能指標(biāo)的評(píng)審工作及“JD-15 型37 mm人工增雨防雹炮彈業(yè)務(wù)試用總結(jié)”和“BL-3型66 mm、BL-4型82 mm人工增雨防雹火箭彈業(yè)務(wù)試用總結(jié)”的評(píng)審。（裝備研發(fā)與保障室）

5 人工影響天氣工程建設(shè)

5.1 新舟60增雨飛機(jī)功能驗(yàn)查及系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)收

在2015年驗(yàn)查的基礎(chǔ)上，又分別在陜西閻良、河南洛陽和吉林長(zhǎng)春，對(duì)機(jī)載任務(wù)系統(tǒng)的催化劑播撒系統(tǒng)、粒子測(cè)量系統(tǒng)、云宏觀成像系統(tǒng)、衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)、任務(wù)集成系統(tǒng)5個(gè)子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了3次地面和空中的測(cè)試與驗(yàn)查。組織專家對(duì)衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)和任務(wù)集成系統(tǒng)的軟件功能進(jìn)行了聯(lián)合測(cè)試，引導(dǎo)承建商對(duì)系統(tǒng)測(cè)試驗(yàn)查過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行了及時(shí)整改。完成了對(duì)新舟60增雨飛機(jī)的整體功能測(cè)試，具備了系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)收的基本條件，正在加快推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)收工作。（區(qū)域中心管理辦公室，裝備研發(fā)與保障室）

5.2 空中國(guó)王增雨飛機(jī)改裝

完成了空中國(guó)王增雨飛機(jī)的飛機(jī)平臺(tái)建設(shè)，經(jīng)過2 h試驗(yàn)飛行及試飛項(xiàng)目查驗(yàn)后，飛機(jī)平臺(tái)正式移交給空中國(guó)王增雨飛機(jī)改裝廠（SPEC公司）進(jìn)行飛機(jī)的改裝與集成。

審改確定了《高性能增雨飛機(jī)改裝集成方案》提交SPEC公司進(jìn)行飛機(jī)改裝集成。就飛機(jī)座椅、飛機(jī)采樣頭安裝、CCN進(jìn)氣口、激光雷達(dá)安裝、氣路、集成方案、云宏觀攝像位置、焰條焰彈尺寸等設(shè)計(jì)問題，與SPEC公司多次討論協(xié)商。SPEC公司正在進(jìn)行機(jī)載設(shè)備掛載點(diǎn)的改裝工作。預(yù)計(jì)2017年底改裝完畢運(yùn)抵中國(guó)。（裝備研發(fā)與保障室）

5.3 其他區(qū)域人影工程

組織完成西北區(qū)域人工影響天氣項(xiàng)目可研報(bào)告的編制及報(bào)發(fā)改委的前期工作。西北區(qū)域人影工程項(xiàng)目得到發(fā)改委的批復(fù)。組織完成中部區(qū)域人影項(xiàng)目可研的編制。組織完成西藏人影基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè)可研報(bào)告的編制和專家評(píng)審。（區(qū)域中心管理辦公室）

Advances in Cloud Physics and Weather Modi fication Research

1 Progress in major research projects

In 2016, WMC has made important progresses in research projects. In addition, WMC has successfully applied seven new projects including one key project of national scientific and technological program, three projects of national natural science foundation of China, two key projects of CAMS basic scientific research,and one project for the scientific activities of selected returned overseas professionals in CMA in 2016. The main progresses in research projects of WMC are summarized as follows:

1.1 Research and development of airborne cloud particle measuring system

The research and development project of airborne cloud particle spectrometer and imaging supported by the national key foundation for exploring scientific instrumenthave passed its preliminary acceptance.The project has completed its all research tasks including three probes oficloud particle spectrometer, cloud and precipitation particles imaging as well as the relevant software. A series of experiments including basic parameters of the instruments, system optimization, environmental adaptability and flight tests have been carried out. The airborne measuring system has been improved and optimized according to more than 60 flight tests. The test results show that particle measurement data observed by the instruments are in good consistency with that obtained by foreign products.

The instrument has been successfully used in the Shanxi Weather Modification Office and Jilin Weather Modification Office. Also, it played an important role in national major scientific experiments and operational assurance of weather modification. This instrument can preliminarily be engineered and industrialized, and the major performance indices have achieved the same level of similar foreign products. (Open Laboratory)

1.2 Advances in research of cloud and precipitation processes and atmospheric water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau

Important advances have been made in the research oficloud and precipitation processes and atmospheric water cycle in the project of the Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Scientific Experiment. In 2016, we further investigated the cloud and precipitation processes over the plateau based on the comprehensive experiment data during the summer of 2014–2015, and conducted modeling and satellite retrieval studies. We obtained some important characteristics of cloud and precipitation processes over the plateau. Combing with aircraft measurement over the plateau, we also investigated the cloud microphysical properties in this region. Also,the verification of satellite retrieval of cloud-base temperature and boundary-layer specific humidity has been done. A new cloud spectrum scheme with three parameters based on Gamma Function has been built, and a comparison of the model results with those from the bin model has also been conducted. The water cycle in clouds has been studied based on MODIS cloud water data. (Open Laboratory)

1.3 Research progress in other projects

(1) In March 2016, aircraft icing meteorological experiments were carried out in Anhui Province, aiming to detect aircraft icing. The work was supported by the project of airworthiness verification of civil aircraft under natural icing meteorological condition. (Regional Centre Administration Office, Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

(2) The project of potential and technology of cloud seeding in large-area cloud system of southern China conducted the data processing of field experiment in 2015, and made analysis of the f tting of the microwave radiation and sounding probe, as well as the analyses of cloud microphysical retrieval by the FY-2 satellite and short-term strong precipitation. (Regional Centre Administration Office)

(3) The research project of randomized cloud-seeding field experiment and effectiveness evaluation conducted experiment in Jilin, Shandong, Fujian, Hainan provinces in 2016. The 32 samples of randomized experiments have been collected. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

(4) The project of precipitation enhancement and effectiveness evaluation of stratiform clouds conducted further research on the fine processing and analysis of cloud precipitation, rainfall enhancement conditions,recognition of effective monitoring, cloud precipitation numerical simulation and seeding simulation. The multi-scale precipitation enhancement conceptual model and indicators for the cloud seeding condition monitoring of northern stratiform cloud and low vortex cyclone cloud have been established. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

(5) The NSFC project of research on the optimal and practical method of non-randomized artificial precipitation further conducted research on the regional historical regression statistical method with better effectiveness. The results have been applied to all the weather modification centers in China since July 1, 2016,which was issued by the Disaster Reduction Division, CMA. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

(6) Haze and warm cloud disposal tests have been conducted in cloud laboratory experiment. 4 kinds of formula burning over 10 kinds of rare earth material with good moisture absorption, 2 kinds of water-absorbent polymer powder, 8 kinds of powder surfactant and 2 kinds of liquid surfactants have been tested. (Open Laboratory, Equipment R & D and Support Division)

2 Research achievements and applications

2.1 Two national weather modi fication aircrafts have conducted many cloud seeding operations and scienti fic experiments

Two M60 aircrafts integrated with high performance cloud physical detection equipment constructed by northeast weather modification center have actively conducted many cloud seeding services in northeast,central, southwest, and northwest China. The two aircrafts are in the stage of test, these flights and activities have tested all airborne systems and provided important experiences for management and subsequent projects in other areas. (Regional Centre Administration Office)

2.2 Application promotion of weather modi fication integrated service system

Weather modification integrated service system consisting of four levels covering from region, province,city and county, developed by northeast WMC, has implemented the real-time operation function, set up the collaborative operation process, and built an overall supporting platform.

After the pilot application, a document was issued by Disaster Reduction Division, CMA on July 20,2016, stating that the system would be deployed and in trial run in the 4 provincial cities, 40 municipal cities and 15 counties, and aslo in business trial run. Deployment Plan on Weather Modification Integrated Service System in Northeast Region has been written by the employees from CMA and provincial bureaus.

Liaoning Meteorological Bureau was the first to deploy and use the system from November 2 to November 19, 2016, which was followed by Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang provinces. Other provinces including Ningxia, Shaan xi, Shanxi, Hebei, Jiangsu have installed the core operation function modules from December 8 to December 27. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

2.3 Application promotion of internet-based ammunition management system of weather modi fication equipment

The Specification of Weather Modification Data Format (Trial Version) and the Specification of Weather Modification Equipment and Ammunition Identification Encoding (Trial Version) have been completed and issued to all WMC.

The Internet-based Ammunition Management System of Weather Modification Equipment, development of the management system of factory acceptance and quality acceptance for weather modification equipment and ammunition, development of the information management system of the weather modification equipment and ammunition and development of the real-time data acquisition monitoring system for aircraft and ground operation’s data information have been constructed.

We have demonstrated the application at the provincial level with different technical patterns established in Guizhou, Shaan xi, Henan and Beijing in order to achieve the real-time monitoring and management of the whole process of the weather modification operation equipment and ammunition. United tests of the systems were completed by the national and provincial bureaus with the help of Shanghai bureaus of the equipment and the National Meteorological Information Center. The training to the operation staffs was given. The best technical pattern was selected after the test, which will be promoted to the whole country, aiming to improve the level of the management and modernization. (Equipment R & D and Support Division, Regional Centre Administration Office)

2.4 Completion and promotion of two operation technical guidelines

After combing the key technology method of the cloud and water resource assessment and operation effect tests, documents of Cloud and Water Resource Assessment Technology Guide (2016 Version), and Cloud Seeding Operations Effect Test Technology Guide (2016 Version), which were passed by the review,were issued by the Disaster Reduction Division, CMA and promoted to provincial bureaus for trial application.(Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

2.5 Re fined numerical weather forecasting system in operation

Documents for the National Weather Modification Model Forecasting Macro-cloud Field Inspection Method and Provincial Weather Modification Model Forecasting Macro-cloud Field Inspection Method have been completed.

Document of Inspection Method for Cloud and Precipitation Forecast Products was issued on July 1 2016,serving as a guidebook to collect the typical sample test set.

The weather modification products by optimizing the CAMS program and the product test system by using the cloud radar, laser radar, and ceilometer data have been developed. Debugging, testing and acceptance for the WRF_CAMS model forecasting system have been completed. CPEFS_v1.0 system (Explicit Cloud Precipitation Forecast System) was in operation. Experiments of multi-catalytic mode on LAPS-WRF-CAMS assimilation and forecast system were carried out. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

3 Field scienti fic experiments

3.1 Field scienti fic experiments

Collection of experimental data by carrying out the aircraft icing detection tests with the co-work oficommercial aircraft group, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Anhui Meteorological Bureau in Chizhou and Anqing, Anhui Province, in March, has been offering the lead role in support for natural icing detection test formajor national construction projects of its kind.

Documents of Design Scheme on Surface-Ground Joint Plane Detection and Operation Scientific Experiments in Northeast National Inspection Area and Implementation Plan on Surface-Ground Joint Plane Detection and Operation Scientific Experiments in Northeast National Inspection Area were made from April to July, which were used for the aircraft outfield observation test based on Huanghuai cyclone small-scale vertical structure and medium-scale structure.

In September, catalytic and observational experiment for cumulus and stratocumulus was carried out, via glaciogenic seeding and warm cloud seeding. Field study of macroscopic and microscopic features of cloud and fog in Lushan was conducted in May and June, 2016. (Weather Modification Centre)

3.2 Analysis for observational data of scienti fic experiments

Database management system (Aircraft Integrated Field Experiment Database Management System v1.0)has been developed. Comprehensive data including aircraft detection, satellites, radar, sounding and surface precipitation, temperature and pressure have been collected. To improve the database of Lushan cloud and fog station, sorting the observed data, and making the data format instructions have been provided.

Analyses on current historical observational data by plane were done by two teams, namely aerosol and cloud detection teams, respectively. Data collected during the G20 Summit were also analyzed. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre, Open Laboratory)

4 Weather modi fication operation and service

4.1 Three-year plan for weather modi fication modernization

We have implemented a three-year plan for weather modification modernization development and set up a member group of Weather Modification Modernization Construction Three-year Plan.

We have completed a document of Weather Modification Modernization Construction Key Task Advanced Programme and made clear 4 key technology tasks and 2 technology system tasks, built a team led by CMA and co-worked with provincial participants. We also instructed the provincial WMC to carry out the key technology work in weather modification, effectively promoted the provincial weather modification work, and applied the results of the Weather Modification Modernization Construction Three-year Plan in the country.

In late October, the Second National Weather Center Director Conference was held, aiming to further enhance the awareness of the weather modification modernization work, and exchange the working experience.The conference also showed progresse in the areas. CMA administrators visited the demo show, making compliment on the IOT applications and excellent design of meteorological information system, which founded the stone for the “Wisdom Weather Modification”.

Medium-term assessment of the Three-year Action Plan was done. Results were approved and issued by the Disaster Reduction Division, CMA.Ground and written research were done across the country, with final completion. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre)

4.2 Important weather modi fication operation services

Implementation plan of artificial rain suppression operation was made during G20 Hangzhou Summit in September, 2016. The scheme was made under the co-work from experts from Beijing, Shanxi, Anhui Province WMC and Peking University, and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Nanjing University, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, guaranteeing Zhejiang Meteorological Bureau to offer great service for G20 Summit.

The CPAS platform was installed in Hangzhou, the 3 km Fine Forecast of Cloud Field Job Conditions Prediction was issued with monitoring, and program design in Beijing; Two national precipitation aircrafts were deployed for the experiments. Physical inspection of the observation data based on satellite, radar and rainfall was performed; The service for G20 Summit fulf lled the weather modification real-time operation for the first time, which would serve as a milestone. (Weather Modification Centre)

4.3 Operational guidance and service

We have distributed 7 kinds of monitoring inversion products based on satellite cloud parameters and 4 kinds of major categories with 20 sub-category model forecast products on a daily basis; collected realtime national air and ground operation data; made Weekly Weather Modification Requirements Analysis and Weekly National Weather Modification Information Newsletter (48 in total); made Monthly National Weather Modification Information Newspaper (11 in total); made National Weather Modification News each quarter(4 in total); provided cloud seeding for central and northeast regional areas and for the events of Diebu forest fire in Gansu Province and Inner Mongolia grassland fires and other service. We also made Operation Forecast and Flight Plan Report (6 in total), organized 10 video conferences, released Weather Modification Potential Prediction and Flight Plan Reports (16 in total), and issued Early Warning Reports (10 in total).

We also standardized aircraft job data formats, upgraded the Beidou monitoring system, improved the CPAS command platform, achieved real-time monitoring and tracking oficommand of the operating aircraft,and selected pilot province for trials. We also investigated the National Aircraft Operational Program Design;collected and analyzed national aircraft information; produced the template for Analysis Report on the Effect of Major Weather; completed “Aircraft Operations Analysis” and 2 examples, which was issued on November 16.

We studied the national weather modification airborne communication and information transfer and improved the real-time monitoring and information transmission systems based on Beidou to achieve groundside track oficommand, and real-time job status monitor, which was applied to the provincial pilot projects.

In the Precipitation Forecasting System (CPEFS-v1.0), we implemented the function of displaying forecast products and comprehensive analysis, with more modules such as new composite reflectivity and cloud base height (temperature), radar, integrated graphs of temperature and vertical structure.

National airborne cloud seeding trial operation has achieved important progresses. We have made several regulations of aircraft operation management and strengthened the training to improve the operational management level.

Two cloud physical detection equipment training courses and one airborne mission system training course were held in Beijing and Yanliang. We organized training course (phase 1 and phase 2) and airborne mission systems training courses with over 90 participants in Shaanxi. These helped employees to fully understand the composition of operating aircraft with high performance tasks, functional performance, master the basic structure and working principle of detection equipment and operations, and promote system management, fault diagnosis and maintenance, preventative maintenance, data quality control, software usage and management ability.

Based on the airborne cloud seeding aircraft, technological personnel exchanges were held among Beijing, Henan, Shanxi, Anhui and other provincial bureaus. We attracted all weather modification researchers to actively join the aircraft operation missions and aircraft data analysis to achieve the progress in personnel training and scientific research harvest.

We have carried out cloud seeding services and detection experiments with joint efforts in safety and efficiency. According to the guidelines and instructions from CMA, WMC has successfully finished theairborne cloud seeding system check and software improvement, especially in the effort to co-work with other provinces including Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui and northeastern part of China. We also done such efforts during the G20 Hangzhou Summit.

By December 10, 2016, a number of flights carried out by two M60 precipitation enhancement aircrafts were up to 101, 270 hours in total. For B-3726, flight number was 47 and the total time was 122 hours; for B-3435, the f ght number was 54, while the total time was 148 hours, both of which covered 15 provinces/cities. (Operation Commanding and Running Centre, Regional Centre Administration Office)

4.4 Weather modi fication equipment safety management and technical review

We have finished the report of Weather Modification Special Equipment Licensing Technology Review issued to the WMC and the related factories on June 28. A final review on the industry standard projects?Precipitation Enhancement and Hail Prevention Anti-aircraft Technology Requirement and Precipitation Enhancement and Hail Prevention Rocket Technology Requirement was done. 37 mm Precipitation Enhancement Hail Prevention Shell Quality Assessment Test Method, which was co-worked with Shanghai Property Management Department, has been submitted. Weather Modification Precipitation Enhancement Hail Prevention Shell Quality Assessment Test Method has been completed.

Technical review work on weather modification equipment was done. “HY-R Precipitation Enhancement Hail Prevention Gas Gun Technical Performance Indicators” and “JD-15 Type 37 mm Precipitation Enhancement Hail Prevention Gas Gun Trial Summary” and “BL-3 66 mm, BL-4 82 mm of Precipitation Enhancement Anti Hail Rockets Operation Trial Summary” have been reviewed and all were reported to the Disaster Reduction Division, CMA. National Technology Equipment Maintenance and Catalyst Testing operation was also done. (Regional Centre Administration Office, Equipment R & D and Support Division)

5 Weather modi fication projects

5.1 M60 aircraft function check and system acceptance

We have promoted M60 aircraft function check and system acceptance work. Three ground and surface test and check for 5 systems including catalyst distributing system, particle measuring system, macroscopic cloud imaging system, satellite communication system and integrated system were done, respectively, in Luoyang (Henan), Yan Liang (Shaanxi) and Changchun (Jilin). Joint test for software functions of satellite communication system and integration system, serving as a guide for the contractors was completed. M60 aircraft overall functional test has been done, which would provide for the progress of the system acceptance.(Regional Centre Administration Office, Equipment R & D and Support Division)

5.2 Cloud-seeding King Air Aircraft platform construction

Cloud-seeding King Air Aircraft platform construction has been completed by late May. After 2 hours test flight and trial flight check, the airplane has been handed over to the Standards Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) for further modification and integration.

Cloud Seeding Airborne Plane with High Performance Modification and Integration Scheme was set before handing over to SPEC. Discussions regarding to aircraft seats, plane sampling head installation, CCN inlet, laser radar installation, gas path and integration solutions, cloud macro camera position, flame size design were held between WMC, CMA and SPEC. Modification work by SPEC in progress is predicted to be shipped back to China by the end of 2017. (Equipment R & D and Support Division)

5.3 Other regional weather modi fication projects

Northwest Regional Weather Modification Feasibility Study report has been made and submitted to National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), which was sent to the Disaster Reduction Division,CMA on April 15, 2016. The project was approved by NDRC. Central Weather Modification Feasibility Study Report has been made and submitted to NDRC, which was sent to Disaster Reduction Division, CMA on September 26. Tibetan Weather Modification Foundation Ability Construction Feasibility Study Report has been made and reviewed by experts. (Regional Centre Administration Office)