中國(guó)文化核心詞 KEY CHINESE CONCEPTS
2016-02-05 07:13:17
CHINA TODAY 2016年11期
中國(guó)文化核心詞 KEY CHINESE CONCEPTS
乾
/qián/ Heaven
“八卦”之一，由三個(gè)“陽(yáng)爻”組成，畫為“”。又為“六十四卦”之一，由六個(gè)“陽(yáng)爻”組成，畫為“”。按照易學(xué)的解釋，由于“乾”卦全部由陽(yáng)爻組成,因此具有純陽(yáng)之性，被用以象征各種陽(yáng)性的事物或原則?！扒必缘幕鞠笳饕饬x是天,在社會(huì)領(lǐng)域主要象征男性、父親、君主等社會(huì)角色以及剛健有為的行事原則。結(jié)合 “乾”卦的各種象征意義，“乾”還被賦予了創(chuàng)生、統(tǒng)領(lǐng)萬(wàn)物之義。
One of the eight trigrams, it consists of three yang lines:. It is also one of the sixty-four hexagrams when it consists of six yang lines:. According to experts on The Book of Changes, as the qian trigram is composed only of yang lines, it is purely yang and is thus used to symbolize all yang things or principles. The qian trigram symbolizes heaven, and in society it symbolizes the social roles played by the male, the father, and the monarch, as well as decisive and vigorous ways of doing things. In view of what qian symbolizes, it also means creating and leading all things under heaven.
引例 Citations:
◇乾,健也。(《周易·說(shuō)卦》)
(乾,意為剛健有為。)
The qian trigram symbolizes vigor and vitality. (The Book of Changes)
◇大哉乾元,萬(wàn)物資始,乃統(tǒng)天。(《周易·彖上》)
(偉大的乾元,萬(wàn)物依賴它開始產(chǎn)生,乾元統(tǒng)帥天的運(yùn)行與效用。)
Great is the qian hexagram. All things depend on it to happen, since it guides the movement and effect of heaven. (The Book of Changes)
坤
/kūn/ Earth
“八卦”之一，由三個(gè)“陰爻”組成，畫為“”。又為“六十四卦”之一，由六個(gè)“陰爻”組成，畫為“”。按照易學(xué)的解釋，由于“坤”卦全部由“陰爻”組成，因此具有純“陰”之性,被用以象征各種“陰”性的事物或原則?！袄ぁ必缘幕鞠笳饕饬x是地，在社會(huì)領(lǐng)域主要象征女性、母親、臣民等社會(huì)角色以及柔順寬厚的行事原則。結(jié)合“坤”卦的各種象征意義，“坤”還被賦予了創(chuàng)生、長(zhǎng)養(yǎng)萬(wàn)物之義。
One of the eight trigrams, it consists of three yin lines:
. It is also one of the sixty-four hexagrams when it consists of six yin lines:. According to experts on The Book of Changes, as the kun trigram is composed only of yin lines, it is purely yin and is thus used to symbolize all yin things or principles. The kun trigram symbolizes earth, and in society it symbolizes the social roles played by the female, the mother, and the subjects of the ruler, as well as gentle, kind and generous ways of doing things. In view of what kun symbolizes, it also means creating and nourishing all things under heaven.
◇坤,順也。(《周易·說(shuō)卦》)
(坤,意為柔順。)
The kun trigram means gentleness. (The Book of Changes)
◇至哉坤元,萬(wàn)物資生,乃順承天。(《周易·彖上》)
(偉大的坤元,萬(wàn)物依賴它才得以發(fā)生,它順承著天道。)
Great is the kun hexagram. All things depend on it to happen, since it follows the will of heaven. (The Book of Changes)
引例 Citations:
