隆涅跳臺(tái)滑雪塔，法倫，瑞典

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：馬蒂亞斯·阿爾格倫/Sweco建筑事務(wù)所Architects: Mathias Ahlgren/Sweco Architects

隆涅跳臺(tái)滑雪塔，法倫，瑞典

Lugnet Ski jumps, Falun, Sweden, 2014

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：馬蒂亞斯·阿爾格倫/Sweco建筑事務(wù)所Architects: Mathias Ahlgren/Sweco Architects

1 跳臺(tái)滑雪塔/Ski jumps

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Clients: Municipal Falu Kommun, Lugnet i Falun AB設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Mathias Ahlgren, Kurt Evan

Sonehag, Rob Kirkham

建筑工程/Architectural Engineer: Hans Persson, Ivan Frank

景觀設(shè)計(jì)/Landscape Architects: Andreas Hansson

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineering: Ingrid Olsson

機(jī)械工程/Mechanical Engineering: Anders Bj?rklund

電氣工程/Electrical and IT engineering: Pierre Wellander攝影/Photos: Tim Meier

為了迎接2015年國際滑雪聯(lián)盟（FIS）北歐世界滑雪錦標(biāo)賽，Sweco建筑事務(wù)所接受委托，對瑞典法倫市的隆涅跳臺(tái)滑雪塔進(jìn)行翻新設(shè)計(jì)。這一設(shè)施建造于1970年代，目前的整體情況已經(jīng)不容樂觀。無論從適應(yīng)比賽的角度還是吸引游客來訪的角度，跳臺(tái)滑雪塔都需要進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的翻新甚至整體重建。

這也是法倫市繼1954年、1974年和1993年之后第4次承辦這一賽事。目前的兩座海拔分別為270m和303m的跳臺(tái)滑雪塔是籌備第2次比賽時(shí)建造的。

這次改造設(shè)計(jì)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是希望能保留滑雪塔標(biāo)識(shí)性的輪廓特征，因?yàn)閺慕ǔ梢潦?，它們就成為了法倫市的地?biāo)性建筑。

這一設(shè)施的規(guī)模很大，并位于高處，從很遠(yuǎn)之外都能被看到。簡潔而現(xiàn)代的設(shè)計(jì)廣為人知，保持這一風(fēng)格也成為了改造設(shè)計(jì)的核心需求。新設(shè)計(jì)希望能讓設(shè)施中使用的耐候鋼材顯得更加突出，并通過玻璃、混凝土、鍍鋅鋼板等材料之間的反差感來營造現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格。通過抬高并封閉部分原本開敞的空間，滑雪塔的立面形象和塔上房間的環(huán)境都得到了明顯的改善。而如何將技術(shù)設(shè)備集成到滑雪塔的形態(tài)上則對建筑設(shè)計(jì)提出了挑戰(zhàn)，尋求合適的解決方案也因此成為設(shè)計(jì)成立的前提。

設(shè)計(jì)方案包括為兩座滑雪塔翻新滑道，并在兩側(cè)增加玻璃和鋼質(zhì)的欄桿，以此替換已經(jīng)不符合當(dāng)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的舊建材。改建后，滑雪塔將在一年四季都可以被利用。

沿著玻璃和鋼質(zhì)的欄桿還增加了條形的燈光照明，以在夜間強(qiáng)調(diào)出滑雪塔的形象，并和其結(jié)構(gòu)本身使用的銹色的耐候鋼板材質(zhì)形成對比。

照明設(shè)計(jì)既讓滑雪塔的輪廓更加清晰，也為賽事的電視直播提供了必要的照明環(huán)境。

為了讓場館同時(shí)能成為旅游景點(diǎn)，滑雪塔的室內(nèi)也進(jìn)行了翻新，并在頂部為游客搭建了一個(gè)觀景平臺(tái)。建筑的室內(nèi)布局在適合比賽使用的同時(shí)也考慮了進(jìn)行其他活動(dòng)的可能性。今天，改造后的滑雪塔可以向所有人開放?！酰ㄋ抉R蕾 譯）

2 跳臺(tái)滑雪道/Slope of ski jump

In preparation for the 2015 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, Sweco Architects was commissioned to modernize the Lugnet Ski Jumps in Falun, Sweden, which date back to the early 1970s and have largely deteriorated. The Ski Jumps required extensive modernization and a total rebuild in order to meet the latest technical requirements of the sport and also to raise the public profile to make the jumps a viable tourist attraction.

This will be the fourth time the city hosts the competition, following events in 1954, 1974 and 1993. The two ski jumps – one measuring 270 metres above sea level and the other 303 metres –were constructed for the second event.

The starting point was to preserve the ski jumps' characteristic silhouette, which has been a landmark in Falun since they were built.

The large scale of the ski jump structures tower above the tree tops making them highly visible from long distances. These simple modern structural forms are well know in the region and therefore retaining the essence of this was central to the design process. The idea was to make the Corten steel more prominent and to create modern contrasts in the form of glass, concrete and galvanized steel. The ski jumps' profile and tower room have been changed markedly through raising and enclosing previously outdoor environments. One of the main challenges was to integrate the technical systems into the existing structural components of the ski jumps while also delivering the project with a strong identity and a clear architectural expression.

The studio's intervention involved adding new running surfaces and glass & steel balustrades to the sides of the two jumps, as well as replacing outdated materials that were no longer compliant with modern standards. This will allow the jumps to be used all year round.

Strip lighting runs along the glass & steel railings, emphasizing the forms at night and contrasting with the rusty-coloured Corten steelwork of the original structures.

Lighting design both enhances the towers' shape and provides necessary lighting for televising the competitions.

To develop the venue as a tourist attraction, the jumps have also been given an interior makeover and now offer visitors a viewing platform at the top of the tower. The internal layout is still tailored to the demands of the sport but also provides scope and opportunity for other activities. Today the ski jumps are open to everyone. □

3 K120跳臺(tái)滑雪塔三維軸測剖面/K120 3D axo section

4 K90跳臺(tái)滑雪塔三維軸測剖面/K90 3D axo section

5 塔下視角/View under ski jump

6 塔頂/View of towers

7 K120跳臺(tái)滑雪塔剖面/K120 section

8 K120跳臺(tái)滑雪塔平面/K120 plan

9 K90跳臺(tái)滑雪塔剖面/K90 section

10 K90跳臺(tái)滑雪塔平面/K90 plan

11 K90跳臺(tái)滑雪塔及K120塔滑雪道/Tower of K90 and slope of K120

12 從K90跳臺(tái)滑雪塔后向下看/View behind K90

評(píng)論

褚冬竹：改造項(xiàng)目的難度通常更甚于新建，對于必須嚴(yán)格遵守賽事規(guī)則的滑雪塔而言更為突出——建筑師可施展馳騁的空間極為有限。在對材料、空間進(jìn)行了一系列理智中不乏浪漫的優(yōu)化改造后，這座已服役多年的體育建筑有了第二次全新的生命。建筑師著力處理了塔頂坡道下部的3層用房，平實(shí)卻巧妙地為建筑的賽時(shí)與賽后服務(wù)提供了完美的空間。

陳龍：這是一個(gè)專業(yè)性很強(qiáng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)施，需要滿足很多的限制性技術(shù)條件，某種意義上甚至有點(diǎn)兒像一座“工業(yè)建筑”。建筑師的發(fā)揮空間并不大，現(xiàn)代主義的形式語言是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。然而正是在這種情況下，建筑師對于材料、細(xì)部、比例關(guān)系的精準(zhǔn)拿捏則顯得尤其重要。是否能做到“絲絲入扣”，才真正體現(xiàn)出建筑師的基本功。值得一提的是照明設(shè)計(jì)，給人印象深刻。

Comments

CHU Dongzhu: Rehabilitation is usually more difficult than new construction, especially for the ski jump tower, which needs to strictly follow the regulations of the sport; as a consequence, there are limited opportunities for the architect to be creative. A series of optimization and reformation measures on the existing materials and space, which are quite rational and allow for certain romantic elements, give a second life to this old sports building. The architect placed emphasis on the three story building at the end of the slope path, providing a perfect space for services during and after the competitions, in a plain but delicate way.

CHEN Long: This is a highly sophisticated sports facility in which a great deal of restrictive technical requirements had to be met. In a sense, this building resembles an "industrial" building. There is little room for the architects to play, therefore the implementation of a modernistic formal language is an appropriate choice. However, it is in this situation that the architect's precise control on materials, details, and proportional relationships are particularly important. Whether it can be done with "great accuracy" truly reflects the skill level of an architect. Another thing worth mentioning is the lighting design of this building, which is quite impressive.

13 跳臺(tái)滑雪塔/Ski jumps