北川抗震紀(jì)念園幸福園展覽館，四川，中國(guó)

北川抗震紀(jì)念園幸福園展覽館，四川，中國(guó)

Happiness Hall, Beichuan Earthquake Memorial Park, Sichuan, China, 2010

1 展館暮色/the exhibition hall at dusk

北川羌族自治縣抗震紀(jì)念園選址于北川新縣城中部，東臨羌族風(fēng)情商業(yè)街，西端為民俗博物館。紀(jì)念園自東向西分為三部分，依次為靜思園、英雄園和幸福園。展覽館位于幸福園西北側(cè)，建筑占地約2000m2，是幸福園的主題建筑，是陳列展覽、紀(jì)錄傳播北川人民抗震救災(zāi)、重建家園樂(lè)觀精神的重要載體，同時(shí)也是市民交流、溝通、休閑的場(chǎng)所。

建筑以富有雕塑感的“白石”造型設(shè)計(jì)呼應(yīng)并共同形成抗震紀(jì)念園的主題。建筑主體以幸福園廣場(chǎng)的延伸形成地景平臺(tái)；主展廳體量簡(jiǎn)潔純凈，抽象為“白石”的意象，以含蓄現(xiàn)代的手法表現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)羌族文化，暗喻“神圣”“庇護(hù)”“吉祥”，為新北川祈福；開(kāi)敞的景觀平臺(tái)與廣場(chǎng)綠地相結(jié)合，提供親切、和諧的城市公共生活空間，表達(dá)對(duì)未來(lái)幸福生活的希望。

展覽館建筑單體的布局力求在紀(jì)念園整體設(shè)計(jì)中求得均衡，因此在地段內(nèi)采用非對(duì)稱布局，面向園區(qū)中心及水面方向進(jìn)行適當(dāng)退讓?zhuān)舫鰪V場(chǎng)人群活動(dòng)的余地。建筑可上人的傾斜屋面坡度適宜，有利于人群停留活動(dòng)。結(jié)合鋪裝，斜坡屋面種植了喬木，并設(shè)置了“之”字形休息座椅；這些不斷升起的水平的場(chǎng)地形成了露天表演場(chǎng)，提供了人性化的市民休閑場(chǎng)所，與幸福園共同形成豐富的城市生活廣場(chǎng)。

展覽館的主入口設(shè)在建筑東南側(cè)，參觀人流和VIP流線由此進(jìn)入。參觀人群和市民也可直接沿緩坡行至屋頂平臺(tái)之上。后勤、展品流線設(shè)置在北側(cè)，結(jié)合建筑東側(cè)微地形與廣場(chǎng)分區(qū)。建筑東側(cè)設(shè)置公共衛(wèi)生間，從下沉無(wú)障礙坡道和臺(tái)階進(jìn)入，為整個(gè)紀(jì)念園和城市提供便利。

展陳空間主要集中在-6.00m標(biāo)高層，上下兩層主要以緩坡道連接。參觀人流由地面層?xùn)|南側(cè)進(jìn)入門(mén)廳，可由一層門(mén)廳到達(dá)序廳、臨時(shí)展廳和-6.00m主展廳。觀眾服務(wù)設(shè)施與公共服務(wù)設(shè)施設(shè)在首層（-2.00m標(biāo)高）入口附近。管理辦公等輔助用房設(shè)在北側(cè)上下兩層，貨運(yùn)電梯設(shè)在貨運(yùn)出入口附近。

展陳流線圍繞主展廳中的城市沙盤(pán)延緩坡道排列，人流可環(huán)繞并俯瞰城市沙盤(pán)全景。同時(shí)結(jié)合多媒體、圖片、模型、實(shí)物展等類(lèi)型，創(chuàng)造出豐富、現(xiàn)代化的展覽體驗(yàn)。

建筑單體主要使用當(dāng)?shù)夭牧?，外部以青石、白石為主，搭配富有地方特點(diǎn)的材料，實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑設(shè)計(jì)的意圖；室內(nèi)使用石材和木材，將建筑外環(huán)境延續(xù)至室內(nèi)，同時(shí)又不乏親切之感。□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人/Principal in Charge: 莊惟敏/ZHUANG Weimin

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 莊惟敏，任飛，蔡俊，汪曉霞等/ ZHUANG Weimin, REN Fei, CAI Jun, WANG Xiaoxia, et al.場(chǎng)地面積/Site Area: 2308m2

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 2353m2

建筑高度/Height: 13.6m

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2009.6-2010.4

竣工時(shí)間/Completion: 2010.12

攝影/Photos: 張廣源/ZHANG Guangyuan

圍繞產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈與物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)調(diào)模型圖（圖1），本文構(gòu)建了兩者之間的博弈模型，模型中相關(guān)符號(hào)及其含義的說(shuō)明如表1所示。

2 主入口/Main entrance

3 總平面/Site plan

4 鳥(niǎo)瞰效果圖/Bird's eye view rendering

Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County's earthquake memorial park is located in middle of Beichuan's new town center. To the east is a commercial street, while to the west is the museum of the Qiang ethic group. The exhibition hall is located northwest of Happiness garden, one of the three gardens that make up the park. The building site is about 2000 square meters. the exhibition hall is based on theme of "Happiness garden", acts as a memorial for the people's brave deeds in disaster rescue and reconstruction, and serves as recreation space for citizens.

The building takes on a sculptural "white stone" figure that correlates to the memorial park's theme. This expression is also an implicit and modern metaphor of Qiang culture, symbolizing the "sacred", "asylum", and "auspiciousness", in a prayer for Beichuan's welfare. While providing harmonious public space, the landscape platform is an extension of the park's plaza, conveying a hope of future's fortune.

To continue the harmonious theme, the building uses an asymmetrical layout to better relate to the park. Volume setbacks on the park side create a small plaza for outdoor gatherings. The sloped roof has an adequate gradient, rooftop trees, and its zigzag-shaped benches encourage activity. the rising stepped roof serves as extension to the park plaza, and has become an outdoor stage for leisure and life.

the main entrance is located on the southeast side, and public and VIP access is shared. the public can also walk to the rooftop by means of a ramp. Back of house amenities are located on the north side. For the convenience of the whole park, the east side has public restrooms, accessed from the ground level down a flight of stairs or a disabled ramp.

The exhibition space is located at six meters below ground level, with ramps linking each floor. After entering, the public can access the entrance hall, the temporary exhbitions hall, and the main hall. Amenity facilities are located at two meters below ground level, near the entrance. Office and accessory uses occupy two floors on the north side, while the freight elevator is adjacent to the freight entrance.

Circulation is organized around a city model, and people walk along the ramp, looking down on the model. The hall's exhibits also utilize video, photography, and other media to enrich the visiting experience.

The hall's facade mainly uses white and cyan stone, as well as local materials. The interior uses stone and wood to create a warm connection with the outdoors. □

5 外景/Exterior view

6 首層平面/Floor 0 plan

7 二層平面/Floor 1 plan

5

8 內(nèi)部示意圖/Sectional diagram

9 斜坡屋面/Slope roof

10-13 剖面/Sections

評(píng)論

在我的印象中，莊惟敏的設(shè)計(jì)總是不甘于平常表達(dá)與自我重復(fù)。在每個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，他總是在結(jié)合環(huán)境方面花足心思，并用自己獨(dú)到的建筑語(yǔ)言，來(lái)描繪符合其環(huán)境特質(zhì)的場(chǎng)所精神，如玉樹(shù)州行政中心、華山游客中心、渭南文化藝術(shù)中心等幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目做得都十分到位與突出。

北川抗震紀(jì)念園幸福園是一特殊項(xiàng)目，其特殊性有三：其一，此館是北川紀(jì)念園整體設(shè)計(jì)的一部分，是幾位建筑師既合作又分工的一項(xiàng)特殊設(shè)計(jì)；其二，此館是整個(gè)紀(jì)念園中偏于東北一隅的配套項(xiàng)目；其三，項(xiàng)目立意是介于“災(zāi)難”與“重生”的復(fù)雜感情中表現(xiàn)“希望”的項(xiàng)目。

雖然項(xiàng)目不大，由于上述的特殊性，擺在建筑師面前的難題是顯而易見(jiàn)的。

莊惟敏能巧妙地解題，最終為項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)給出了一個(gè)滿意的答卷。首先在定位方面，他準(zhǔn)確把握項(xiàng)目的輔配角色，通過(guò)空間下沉，縮小體量，在建筑布局上甘當(dāng)配角，以此突顯出紀(jì)念碑的中心性。其二，在形式表達(dá)上，他寥寥數(shù)筆大刀闊斧地切削，將主體建筑與地景呈現(xiàn)出簡(jiǎn)約有力的紀(jì)念形象，使這一項(xiàng)目雖為配角卻不失個(gè)性與精彩。其三，為了處理好“災(zāi)難”與“重生”復(fù)雜情感的表達(dá)，他在建筑材料、色彩及細(xì)部方面都頗為用心，恰如其分地把握了幸福園與紀(jì)念性的微妙關(guān)系。

總而言之，這是一個(gè)規(guī)模小、難度大且情感表達(dá)特殊的設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目。莊惟敏成功完成這一建筑創(chuàng)作，足以顯現(xiàn)其對(duì)建筑在地性的準(zhǔn)確把握，以及在建筑語(yǔ)言表達(dá)、語(yǔ)境營(yíng)造、細(xì)節(jié)控制方面展示出建筑師出色的專(zhuān)業(yè)性格與功力。

這是一個(gè)甘當(dāng)配角的成功設(shè)計(jì)。

14 遙望紀(jì)念碑/Looking at the Earthquake monument in the distance

15 立面局部/Part of fa?ade

Comments

MENG Jianmin: Successful Design As a Supporting Act

In my memory, Mr. ZHUANG Weimin had a reputation for always going beyond the ordinary, avoiding repetition of his existing designs. Each of Mr. ZHUANG's projects portrayed the importance of the surrounding environment, creating by utilizing his own signature architectural features, as well as the continuance of the local spirit. Such examples include the Yushu Administrative Center, Mount Huashan Tourist Center, and the Weinan Culture and Art Center.

Beichuan Earthquake Memorial Park - Happiness Hall, is a special project of Mr. ZHUANG's. there are three reasons for this: Firstly, the Happiness Hall is just one component of Beichuan Earthquake Memorial Park, which required several architects to work closely with yet independently from one another. Secondly, this hall is a supporting facility that is located in the northeastern portion of the memorial park. thirdly, the building was conceived to bring hope to a devastated land which is undergoing a post-disaster rebirth.

Although Happiness Hall was not a large project, the architects must have been aware of the difficulty of their work.

Mr. ZHUANG is an ingenious problem solver, whose work culminated into a successful design. In the first place, methods like space sinking and volume reduction helped the project accurately position itself as a supporting act to the monument, highlighting its centrality to the Beichuan Earthquake Memorial Park. Next, Mr. ZHUANG employed an individual yet prominent, expressive design, which enhanced its presence in relation to the landscape, despite it being a mere supporting act. Lastly, its thoughtfully selected architectural materials, color, and detailing help to keep a delicate and balanced relationship between the Happiness Hall and its commemorative purpose of the park. this allows the hall to express the dual nature of disaster and rebirth.

In summary, the small but difficult design project of the Happiness Hall is an expression of the architect's special consideration for emotion. Mr. ZHUANG has successfully fulfilled his mission. He has showed an admirable ability in architectural localization and professional skill in architectural design, environmental design and detail.

It is a successful design as a supporting act. (English translation by Dandan WANG)