趙榮章
730722甘肅省白銀市會寧縣第二人民醫(yī)院
幽門螺桿菌感染與慢性胃炎和消化性潰瘍的關(guān)系
趙榮章
730722甘肅省白銀市會寧縣第二人民醫(yī)院
目的:探討幽門螺桿菌(Hp)感染與慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍的關(guān)系。方法:收治胃鏡檢查確診的慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍患者151例,包括慢性淺表性胃炎、慢性糜爛性胃炎、慢性萎縮性胃炎、膽汁反流性胃炎以及胃和十二指腸潰瘍,分別給予胃黏膜組織活檢及快速尿素酶試驗檢查Hp感染情況,分析炎性反應(yīng)情況與Hp感染的關(guān)系。結(jié)果:慢性萎縮性胃炎37例,Hp感染陽性率86.48%;慢性糜爛性胃炎36例,Hp感染陽性率80.56%;慢性淺表性胃炎26例,Hp感染陽性率65.38%;膽汁反流性胃炎22例,Hp感染陽性率36.36%,消化性潰瘍30例,Hp感染陽性率80.00%。慢性萎縮性胃炎陽性率最高,膽汁反流性胃炎陽性率最低,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:幾種常見的慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍均伴有不同程度Hp的感染,不同胃炎、消化性潰瘍中Hp感染率差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。慢性糜爛性胃炎、慢性萎縮性胃炎以及消化性潰瘍感染Hp明顯高于正常人群,從而提出Hp感染是產(chǎn)生的重要致病因素。
慢性胃炎;消化性潰瘍;幽門螺桿菌;感染率
1983年,Marshall和Warren首次分離出胃黏膜內(nèi)幽門螺桿菌(Hp),隨后被逐漸證實Hp與胃十二指腸疾病的發(fā)病有關(guān)。為進一步探討Hp感染與慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍的關(guān)系,對胃鏡檢查診斷的慢性胃炎患者進行Hp檢測,現(xiàn)報告如下。
2009年1月-2012年12月收治慢性胃炎、消化性潰瘍患者121例,均經(jīng)電子胃鏡及黏膜病理活檢診斷,其中消化性潰瘍30例,慢性淺表性胃炎26例,慢性糜爛性胃炎36例,膽汁反流性胃炎22例,慢性萎縮性胃炎37例,消化性潰瘍30例。其中男82例,女69例,年齡22~75歲,平均48歲。行“尿素酶試驗”前均無抗生素、質(zhì)子泵抑制劑等用藥史。
方法:采用電子胃鏡檢查患者的黏膜情況,組織直達黏膜肌,分別在距幽門2~3 cm處取大彎側(cè)、小彎側(cè)黏膜以及距胃角近端4 cm處各取2塊黏膜組織進行活檢。在胃鏡下采用快速尿素酶法進行Hp檢測。
統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法:所有數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 16.0進行統(tǒng)計分析,計數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗,P<0.05差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
內(nèi)鏡下病變類型與Hp檢測結(jié)果的關(guān)系:151例患者中Hp陽性率72.85%,慢性萎縮性胃炎Hp陽性率最高(86.48%),明顯高于其他類型,膽汁反流性胃炎陽性率最低(36.36%),經(jīng)χ2檢驗,P<0.05,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。慢性糜爛性、慢性萎縮性胃炎及消化性潰瘍間Hp陽性率差異不顯著,見表1。
黏膜病檢情況與Hp檢測結(jié)果的關(guān)系:糜爛患者Hp陽性率最高(86.21%),差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。充血水腫患者Hp陽性率最低(38.39%),差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。萎縮和腸化生之間沒有差異,糜爛和潰瘍間沒有差異??梢奌p感染程度與慢性胃炎、潰瘍的病理損害程度密切相關(guān),見表2。
流行病學(xué)研究表明,Hp陽性率在慢性非活動性胃炎中偏低,在慢性活動性胃炎中較高,普通人群達50%~80%[1]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,所有接受黏膜病檢患者的Hp陽性率達到61.59%。其中慢性萎縮性胃炎、慢性糜爛性胃炎、消化性潰瘍患者的Hp陽性率高,膽汁反流性胃炎Hp在本次探討中陽性率最低(36.36%),與前3者差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。Hp致病因素復(fù)雜,其中Hp分泌的尿素酶及空泡毒素是其可能的致病因素。尿素酶水解尿素時產(chǎn)生的NH4+能夠直接損傷胃黏膜上皮細胞,并降低黏膜上的電位差,從而影響胃黏膜的離子轉(zhuǎn)運,導(dǎo)致H+反滲,從而加重了胃黏膜組織損傷。另外,Hp產(chǎn)生的空泡毒素具有細胞毒作用[2]。Hp還能夠誘導(dǎo)各種炎性介質(zhì)及氧自由基的釋放,從而誘導(dǎo)細胞凋亡,形成消化性潰瘍[3]。當(dāng)胃內(nèi)感染Hp后,機體會產(chǎn)生IgE抗體,巨噬細胞內(nèi)溶酶體被其抗原復(fù)合物激活的,介導(dǎo)細胞毒性反應(yīng),從而引起免疫性組織損傷[4]。胃小凹處上皮增生,發(fā)育異常,出現(xiàn)腸上皮化生,甚至發(fā)展為不典型增生[5]。
表1 內(nèi)鏡下病變類型與Hp檢測結(jié)果的關(guān)系
表2 黏膜病檢情況與Hp檢測結(jié)果的關(guān)系
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The relationship between helicobacter pylori infection with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer
Zhao Rongzhang
The Second People's Hospital of Huining County,Baiyin City of Gansu Province 730722
Objective:To investigate the relationship between helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.Methods:151 patients with chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer were selected,including chronic superficial gastritis,chronic erosive gastritis,chronic atrophic gastritis,bile reflux gastritis,gastric and duodenal ulcer.All of those patients were treated with gastric mucosal biopsy and rapid urease test to detected helicobacter pylori infection,then we analyzed the relationship between inflammatory response and Hp infection.Results:37 cases were with chronic atrophic gastritis,and the positive rate of Hp infection was 86.48%;36 cases were chronic erosive gastritis,and the positive rate was 80.56%;26 cases were chronic superficial gastritis, and the positive rate was 65.38%;22 cases were bile reflux gastritis,and the positive rate was 36.36%;30 cases were peptic ulcer, and the positive rate was 80%.The positive rate of chronic atrophic gastritis was highest,and the bile reflux gastritis positive rate was lowest,P<0.05,with statistically significant difference.Conclusion:Those several kinds of common chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer are associated with different degree of Hp infection,and the Hp infection rate in different gastritis and peptic ulcer has statistically significant difference.The Hp infection in patients with chronic erosive gastritis,chronic atrophic gastritis or peptic ulcer is higher than in the normal people,so we put forward that Hp infection is an important pathogenic factors of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.
Chronic gastritis;Peptic ulcer;Helicobacter pylori;Infection rate
10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2015.7.26