短文習(xí)作：地點介紹類

廖英

地點介紹類的文章屬于說明文。其特點是：事實正確、條理清楚、層次分明、語言簡練、用詞準(zhǔn)確，具有科學(xué)性、客觀性、知識性。介紹一個地點往往從以下幾方面展開：地理位置，人口，面積，歷史，名勝，特色。此類文章寫作時應(yīng)特別注意：①圍繞主題，選好主題句，用好銜接詞，使文章清晰明了;②描寫順序恰當(dāng)，多由上到下，從里到外，由遠(yuǎn)到近;③注意描寫詳略得當(dāng)，重點突出;④努力運用生動形象的語言，恰當(dāng)運用形容詞，副詞，合并簡單句，避免重復(fù)單調(diào)用詞。

試題呈現(xiàn)

假如你是李華，家住十堰市。你的加拿大筆友Tina打算暑假來十堰旅游，請你根據(jù)下面提供的信息，給她回復(fù)一封電子郵件，介紹一下你的家鄉(xiāng)。

位置：位于湖北省西北部

特征：有悠久的歷史，人口340萬，2.4萬平方公里

概況：①旅游資源豐富：武當(dāng)山（Mountain Wudang）海拔1612米，世界文化遺產(chǎn)，道教圣地與全國武術(shù)之鄉(xiāng); 丹江口水庫：南水北調(diào)工程源頭。

②交通便利，工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的汽車城。

③宜居城市：環(huán)境優(yōu)美，氣候適宜，生活節(jié)奏慢。

參考詞匯： 遺產(chǎn) heritage ?道教 Taoism

丹江口水庫 Danjiang Da

汽車城 motor city 宜居城市 livable city

位于lie in /be located（situated） in

南水北調(diào)South-North Water Diversion

寫作步驟

1. 整合細(xì)節(jié)，構(gòu)思結(jié)構(gòu)布局（主題句+支撐句）

Paragraph 1：表明回信目的

Paragraph 2：武當(dāng)山的地理基本信息

Paragraph 3：風(fēng)景名勝、旅游資源（武當(dāng)山、丹江水庫）

Paragraph 4：城市特色（交通、汽車城、宜居城市）

Paragraph 5：結(jié)束語（表達(dá)期盼與歡迎）

2. 相關(guān)詞匯表達(dá)

①坐落在：lie in /be located /situated in

②有……的歷史：with/has a history of

③有……人口：with/has a population of

④面積有：cover an area of …

⑤盛產(chǎn)：be rich /abundant in

⑥旅游景點：scenic spots; places of interest; tourist attractions

⑦以……著名;聞名：be famous / well-known for; have a high reputation for

⑧發(fā)源地：the birthplace /cradle /hometown of /be home to…

⑨四季分明、氣候宜人：a livable city whose view is delightful in all seasons; pleasant weather; proper temperature

⑩生活節(jié)奏慢：slow pace of life

3. 合并簡單句，避免單一主語重復(fù)出現(xiàn)

地點介紹類文章的主語多單一，即為所介紹的地點。如何將擁有共同主語的簡單句合并，使文章更加簡潔緊湊呢？如“武當(dāng)山是著名景點之一。武當(dāng)山每年吸引許多外國游客到此觀光旅游?！焙芏嗤瑢W(xué)的直覺思維是寫成Mountain Wudang is one of the well-known places of interest. Mountain Wudang attracts many foreigners every year， 我們可從以下一些結(jié)構(gòu)入手合并簡單句以避免主語單一。

①Mountain Wudang is one of the well-known places of interest on earth， which attracts a large number of foreigners every year.（定語從句）

②Mountain Wudang is one of the well-known places of interest on earth， bursting with/attracting a large number of foreigners every year.（分詞作定語）

③Mountain Wudang is such a famous historical attraction that it attracts hundreds of thousands of foreign visitors each year. （使用“如此……以致……”的句型）

④So attractive is MountainWudang that it attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors home and abroad every year.（使用倒裝句）

4. 參考范文

Dear Tina，

Im happy to have received your email and pleased to know that you are coming to Shiyan. Youve made the right choice to travel here. Now let me tell you something about the city.

Situated in the northwest of Hubei province， Shiyan is a city with a long history. It has a population of 3.4 million， covering an area of 24，000 square kilometers. The climate here varies from season to season， making it a good place for people to live in.

There are many places of interest in our city， of which Mount.wudang is the most famous. As the cradle of Taoism and Martial art， it draws tourists from everywhere every year. With an altitude of 1612 meters， it enables you to feast your eyes on all kinds of beautiful views while climbing. Besides， Danjiang dam， which is the water source of South-North Water Diversion， is not only a place of interest， but also playing an important part in Chinas water supply. Apart from all the above， the city is also a highly developed industrial city which is referred to as the “Motor City”. It is convenient for you to go to anywhere you like by railway or highway.

Whats more， the city has recently be chosen as one of the most livable cities because of the clean environment， pleasant climate and proper pace of life. As a Shiyan native， Im taking pride in it.

So welcome to our hometown and Im sure you will fall in love with it.

Yours，

Lihua

拓展寫作

（1）湖北省

地理：中國中部，三面環(huán)山，長江穿境而過。九省通衢（承東啟西，連南接北，交通便利）

人口：5816萬 ? ? ?面積：18.59萬平方公里

氣候：溫暖濕潤，四季分明，適宜居住

主要城市：武漢、襄陽、宜昌

自然資源：森林礦場資源，千湖之?。ê春恿鞫啵?/p>

特產(chǎn)：熱干面

風(fēng)景名勝：黃鶴樓、武當(dāng)山、三峽等

教育：中國高等教育基地，著名大學(xué)如武漢大學(xué)、華中科技大學(xué)

參考范文：

Located in central China， with Yangtza river flowing through it， Hubei province connects the south and the north as well as the north with the south， which contributes to a convenient traffic. Covering an area of 185.9 thousand square kilometers， it has a population of 5816 million. Surrounded by mountains on three sides and having thousands of lake， it enjoys a warm and humid climate. As a result， it is widely recognized as a livable city whose view is delightful in all seasons. There are many big cities in Hubei， such as Wuhan， Xiangyang and Yichang. Natural resources are abundant， particularly forest and fresh water.

Hubei is also well known for having a cluster of universities， such as Wuhan University. Wuhan university not only has a widespread reputation for cherry blossom scenery， but also is home to many outstanding high achievers. Being one of the higher education bases， Hubei is home to many distinguished scientists.

（2）武漢市

①九省通衢：武漢位于長江與漢水交匯處;是工業(yè)，交通，教育和金融中心

②江山如畫：金碧輝煌的黃鶴樓，歷史悠久的編鐘

③七月流火：感受江漢路熙熙攘攘的人流，品嘗武漢的特色小吃熱干面

參考釋義：黃鶴樓-the Yellow Crane Tower

編鐘-Chime Bells

參考范文：

Wuhan， a major industrial， financial， and educational complex in central China，is located at the joint of the Han and Yangtze rivers with its railway and inland and airport which makes it accessible in all directions.

Standing on the top of the Yellow Crane Tower， dating back to hundreds of years which is regarded as one of the landmarks of Wuhan， you can never refuse a strong itch to enjoy a real feast for its natural beauty. The waters of Yangtze River flowing lazily， accompanied by the wonderful music given out by a set of fantastic unearthed instruments， Chime Bells with a history of more than 1000 years which is also one of the seventh wonders in the world will come to your eyes.

Wandering in the Hanzheng pavement in downtown in the July sunshine， you are to stop， not to wipe your sweat on your forehead， but to have a taste of Hot and dry noodles （our local specialty） or just to do some shopping. It is really a place where amazing happens. Can you feel the urge to have a visit as soon as possible？

即學(xué)即練

請根據(jù)中文， 完成短文。

Guangzhou， the third largest city in China， which is also known as City of Flowers， serves as the capital city of Guangdong and （1）__________________（政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)，科學(xué)，教育，文化中心）.（2）___________________

（全市面積7434.4平方公里）， it is home to more than 11 million people.

Located in the middle of Guangdong， north of the Pearl River Delta with the Pearl River winding its way through the city， Guangzhou （3）____________（氣候溫暖濕潤）. Besides， it is a famous city with （4）__________________（有著2，200多年歷史）and a starting port of the Maritime Silk Road. With its beautiful scenery， Guangzhou （5）______________（旅游資源豐富）.

Keys：（1）the centre of its political，economic，scientific，educational，and cultural life

（2）Covering/With an area of 7434.4 square kilometers

（3）enjoys a warm and wet climate

（4）a history of more than 2， 200 years

（5）is also abundant in traveling resources