Voices Concerning Rights and Interests of Women and Children during NPC&CPPCC 2015

Many motions concerning the rights and interest of women and children were submitted during the 2015 National People's Congress （NPC）Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC）， including： the first Anti-domestic Violence Law coming into legislative procedure， elongating maternity leave to three years， incorporating protection education against sexual violence into compulsory education， \"divorce is forbidden if the kid is below 10\"， etc..

Nevertheless， there is still a long way to go； although these proposals remains hanging in doubt， they reflect good-willed wishes and unremitting efforts of stakeholders on continuously improving and enhancing the rights and interests of women and children. They represent exploration and progress.

Now let's take a glance at the voices concerning rights and interests of women and children during the two sessions.

2015年中國(guó)“兩會(huì)”中出現(xiàn)不少與女性、兒童權(quán)益相關(guān)的提案：包括，中國(guó)首部《反家庭暴力法》正式進(jìn)入立法程序、女性產(chǎn)假延長(zhǎng)至三年、將防性侵教育寫入義務(wù)教育課程中、“孩子不滿10歲夫妻不能離婚”等等。

雖然，女性及兒童權(quán)益保護(hù)工作依然任重而道遠(yuǎn)；雖然，這些提案最終能否被落實(shí)仍然懸而未決，但是它們都反映出了有關(guān)人士對(duì)不斷提高、改善女性及兒童權(quán)益所懷有的美好愿望和所做出的不懈努力，都是一種探索和進(jìn)步。

讓我們一起聆聽2015中國(guó)“兩會(huì)”中那些關(guān)乎女性及兒童權(quán)益的好聲音……

1. China's first anti-domestic violence is about to come out

中國(guó)第一部反家暴法即將出臺(tái)

On March 4 2015， Fu Ying， news spokesperson of the third session of the twelfth NPC said， China is formulating special law against domestic violence， which will be submitted for deliberation in August 2015. In the same day， China's Supreme People's Court， Supreme People's Procuratorate， Ministry of Public Security， Ministry of Justice promulgated Opinions on Handling Domestic Violence Crimes according to Law， which is the first criminal justice guiding document against domestic violence.

2015年3月4日，據(jù)中國(guó)十二屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議新聞發(fā)言人傅瑩透露，國(guó)家正在制定反家庭暴力的專門法律，預(yù)計(jì)2015年8月提交審議。同日，最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院、公安部、司法部發(fā)布《關(guān)于依法辦理家庭暴力刑事案件的意見》，這是中國(guó)首份反家暴刑事司法指導(dǎo)性文件。

2. Han Hong： to put protection education against sexual violence into the curriculum of compulsory education

韓紅：建議把防性侵教育寫入義務(wù)教育課程

The proposal of Han Hong， a CPPCC member， is concerned with the security of leave-behind girls in villages， which is the seventh time presented since 2009. This year， she suggested to put protection education against sexual violence into the curriculum of compulsory education. It is learned that 1 child sexual violence crime is exposed every 0.73 days in 2014， revealing the severity of the problem.

全國(guó)政協(xié)委員韓紅的提案關(guān)注農(nóng)村留守女童性安全問(wèn)題，這一問(wèn)題從2009年起已是第七年提出。今年，韓紅建議把防性侵教育寫入義務(wù)教育課程。據(jù)了解，2014年平均0.73天曝光1起性侵兒童案件，意味兒童防性侵的現(xiàn)狀依然嚴(yán)峻。

3. Zhang Lihui： to elongate maternity leave

to three years

張禮慧：建議女性產(chǎn)假延長(zhǎng)至3年

Zhang Lihui， a member of CPPCC， Dean of School Of Music of Chongqing Normal university said， \"we can draw lessons from foreign countries to elongate maternity leave， even to three years till kids go to preschool. The elongation has benefits for the education and development of psychological and other aspects of children. And mothers will be more devoted to works after the end of the leave， which can also complement with the policy of delaying women's retire age.\"

全國(guó)政協(xié)委員、重慶師范大學(xué)音樂學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)張禮慧表示，“可借鑒國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)，將婦女的產(chǎn)假逐漸延長(zhǎng)，甚至可以延長(zhǎng)三年，直到孩子上幼兒園。延長(zhǎng)了產(chǎn)假，對(duì)孩子的教育、心理等方面都有好處，產(chǎn)假結(jié)束婦女出來(lái)工作時(shí)，也會(huì)更加投入。這樣一來(lái)，就可與女性延遲退休政策形成互補(bǔ)?！?/p>

4. Li Qiu， Wu Hongqin： to put gender equality evaluation mechanism into the entire process of legislative assessment

李秋、吳洪芹：將性別平等評(píng)估機(jī)制納入立法評(píng)估全過(guò)程

According to Li Qiu， a deputy of NPC， China has achieved a lot in gender equality. \"Legally， China had promulgated many laws and regulations concerning rights and interests of women and children； from the perspective of legislation， the about-to-issue anti-domestic violence law is an act of protect for women and children； from the perspective of policies， the quota system implemented by the nation， i.e.， women constitution proportion in the make-up of NPC members， CPPCC members， and cadres team， etc.， are all implementation of the basic national policy of gender equality.\" She also said， \"there indeed existed some defects： imbalance of gender birth ratio， violation of security of leave-behind women and children and their rights and interests.\" She added， \"it demands growing concerns with these groups while designing top-level policies.\"

Wu Hongqin， a NPC member and Chairperson of Fujian Women's Federation shared the same view， \"in reality， some laws and regulations are not in place， indiscrimination against women and neglect of children's rights occur now and then， and there is still a long way to go from gender equality in law to gender equality de facto.\"

在全國(guó)人大代表李秋看來(lái)，中國(guó)男女平等工作目前開展得很好?！皬姆缮险f(shuō)，出臺(tái)了很多有益于婦女兒童的政策法規(guī)；從立法層面說(shuō)，比如準(zhǔn)備出臺(tái)的反家庭暴力法就是對(duì)婦女兒童的一個(gè)保護(hù)；從政策層面上說(shuō)，比如國(guó)家實(shí)施的配額制，對(duì)人大代表、政協(xié)委員及干部隊(duì)伍中要求的女性構(gòu)成比例等，這些都是對(duì)男女平等基本國(guó)策的踐行。”但她也看到，“確實(shí)還存在一些不足：男女出生性別比失衡問(wèn)題、留守婦女、兒童的安全及權(quán)益受侵害事件等等” ，她說(shuō)，“這些都需要我們?cè)陧攲釉O(shè)計(jì)的同時(shí)，加大對(duì)這些群體的關(guān)照?！?/p>

全國(guó)人大代表、福建省婦聯(lián)主席吳洪芹同樣認(rèn)為，“現(xiàn)實(shí)中還存在一些法律政策執(zhí)行不到位現(xiàn)象，婦女受歧視、兒童權(quán)利被忽視等現(xiàn)象也時(shí)有發(fā)生，由法律上的男女平等到事實(shí)上的男女平等還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?！?/p>

5. He Dingyi： it's imperative to pass down and promote the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation

賀定一：傳承和弘揚(yáng)中華民族傳統(tǒng)美德刻不容緩

He Dingyi， a CPPCCC member， president of Macau Women's Federation this year brought a proposal concerning traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. This is the second time she suggested and submitted a proposal concerning it. \"Respecting teachers and seniors， showing filial piety to parents， conducting oneself uprightly， we should emphasize a focus of traditional virtues of Chinese national in education. the simple merits of \"respecting the aged and taking good care of children， industry and economy， honesty and trustworthiness， taking pleasure in helping people and virtue is her own reward have always been our traditional virtues since ancient times.\"

全國(guó)政協(xié)委員、澳門婦女聯(lián)合總會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)賀定一今年帶來(lái)的一份提案是關(guān)于傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德的。這是她第二次向大會(huì)建言并提交關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)美德的提案。“尊敬師長(zhǎng)、孝順父母，端正做人，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)教育要注重培養(yǎng)中華傳統(tǒng)美德。”

“尊老愛幼，勤儉節(jié)約，誠(chéng)實(shí)守信，助人為樂，為善最樂，這些淺顯的道理，自古以來(lái)都是我們的傳統(tǒng)美德?！辟R定一說(shuō)。

6. Zhang Jing： the caring system for rural leave-behind children needs to be completed

張靜：農(nóng)村留守兒童關(guān)愛服務(wù)體系亟待健全

During the two sessions， Zhang Jing， a CPPCC member hand in a motion to push forward and complete the caring system for rural leave-behind children， suggesting a set-up of caring system guided by the government， linked by departments， and participated by the society and families to safeguard the basic rights and interests of the survival and development of leave-behind children groups and create a benign environment and necessary conditions for their healthy growth.

Zhang Jing cited the survey result of All-China Women Federation in the proposal： currently， there are over 61 million rural leave-behind children， accounting for 37.7% of the entire population of rural children， and 21.88% of total population of children in China. It increases over 2.4 million than in 2005， among whom 2 million rural leave-behind children are solitude staying back. And leave-behind children in Chongqing， Sichuan， Anhui， Jiangxi and etc. already account for 50% of the total population of local rural children.

“兩會(huì)”上，全國(guó)政協(xié)委員張靜提交了一份《關(guān)于推進(jìn)健全農(nóng)村留守兒童關(guān)愛服務(wù)體系的建議》，建議構(gòu)建政府主導(dǎo)、部門聯(lián)動(dòng)、社會(huì)參與、家庭盡責(zé)的關(guān)愛服務(wù)體系，保障留守兒童群體的生存發(fā)展基本權(quán)益，為他們的健康成長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境和必要條件。

張靜在提案中援引全國(guó)婦聯(lián)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示：目前中國(guó)有農(nóng)村留守兒童6100多萬(wàn)，占農(nóng)村兒童的37.7%，占全國(guó)兒童的21.88%，比2005年增加了240多萬(wàn)，其中200多萬(wàn)的農(nóng)村留守兒童是獨(dú)自留守，而重慶、四川、安徽、江西等地的留守兒童占農(nóng)村兒童的比例已達(dá)到50%。