Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China

高考詞匯

invent ? vt. ? 發(fā)明

stress ? vt. ? 強(qiáng)調(diào)

resign ? vi. ? 辭職

importance ? n. ? 重要;重要性

thinker ? n. ? 思想家

kindness ? n. ? 善良

order ? n. ? 秩序

position ? n. ? 職位

adviser ? n. ? 顧問

honesty ? n. ? 誠(chéng)實(shí)

inventor ? n. ? 發(fā)明家

argument ? n. ? 爭(zhēng)論;辯論;議論

freedom ? n. ? 自由

fuel ? n. ? 燃料

condition ? n. ? 狀況;條件;環(huán)境

teaching ? n. ? （常作復(fù)數(shù)）教導(dǎo);學(xué)說

love ? n. ? 仁愛

justice ? n. ? 公正

principle ? n. ? 原則;準(zhǔn)則

bark ? n. ? 樹皮

contribution ? n. ? 貢獻(xiàn)

leather ? n. ? 皮革

equal ? adj. ? 平等的

soft ? adj. ? 柔軟的

常用短語

be at war with ? 與……交戰(zhàn)

bring up ? 養(yǎng)育;撫養(yǎng)

become interested in ? 對(duì)……感興趣

be proud of ? 為……自豪

in conclusion ? 總之

for the first time ? 第一次

in some ways ? 某些方面

tell the time ? 看表;說出時(shí)間

hear of ? 聽說

on the spot ? 當(dāng)場(chǎng);現(xiàn)場(chǎng)

拓展詞匯

monk ? n. ? 和尚

sutra ? n.（佛教的）經(jīng)

category ? n. ? 范疇;種類

philosopher ? n. ? 哲學(xué)家

philosophy ? n. ? 哲學(xué)

influential ? adj. ? 有影響的

過渡詞匯

responsibility ? n. ? 責(zé)任;義務(wù)

revolution ? n. ? 革命;變革

學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的用法。

1. 了解定語從句的相關(guān)概念：

（1） 定語從句：用來修飾或者限制某個(gè)名詞或者代詞的從句叫定語從句（限制性定語從句）。

（2） 先行詞：被定語從句修飾或者限制的那個(gè)名詞或者代詞叫先行詞。

（3） 關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞：連接主句和從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的代詞或副詞。常用的關(guān)系代詞有：that，which，who，whom，whose;常用的關(guān)系副詞有：when，where，why。

2. 關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞的具體用法如下：

關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞 指代 充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?例句

that 人或物 主語、賓語、表語 I know the girl that attended the party.

That is the job that Im hunting for.

which 物 主語、賓語、表語 He came from a family which was poor.

Mencius wrote a book which many people have read.

who 人 主語 I met someone who said he knew you.

whom 人 賓語或表語 Is that the teacher whom you referred to？

whose 人或物 定語 Confucius is a great philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.

when 時(shí)間 時(shí)間狀語 It was also a time when there were many great philosopher.

where 地點(diǎn) 地點(diǎn)狀語 Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

why 原因 原因狀語 Often， the reason why people are unhappy is that they do not have enough love.

注意：介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用which指代物，用whom指代人，不能用that。如：He is a man of whom China can be proud.This is the house in which the inventor lived.

詞匯短語園地

1. equal ?adj. ?平等的

All men are born equal. ?人生來平等。

equal ?vt. ?等;和……相等;抵得上

Three plus five equals eight.

3加5等于8。

None of us can equal her in strength.

在力氣方面我們當(dāng)中無人能比得上她。

n. ?相等的事物（或數(shù)量）;（地位等）相同的人

She has no equal in English.

誰的英語也比不上她。

be equal to... ?與……相等;相當(dāng)于;能任勝;能應(yīng)付

on an equal footing ?平等地;處于平等地位

2. order ?n. ?秩序;順序;狀況;命令;指示;訂

購;訂貨

v. ?命令;訂購

The young teacher cant keep order in her classroom.

那位年輕教師無法維持課堂秩序。

The names are in alphabetical order.

名字按字母順序排列。

Things were in terrible order.

情況一團(tuán)糟。

He gave orders that the job be done in three days.

他指示三天內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作。

The company received a large order for computers.

這家公司接到一份要求大量供應(yīng)電腦的訂單。

order ?vt. ?命令;吩咐

（1） 跟帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

The emperor ordered them to work at once.

皇帝命令他們馬上干活。

（2） 跟帶介詞短語或副詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

He ordered me back. ?他命令我回去。

He ordered us to the front. ?他命令我們奔赴前線。

（3） 跟從句，從句中用（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形

He ordered that we （should） do it at once.

他命令我們立刻去做。

（4） 跟名詞

The chairman ordered silence.

主席要大家安靜。

in order of... ?照（依）……排列

in order of size/importance ?按大小/重要性排列

out of order ?不合規(guī)定;壞了

in good working order ?處于良好（可以工作的）狀態(tài)

in order ?處于正常情況;情況良好;井井有條

under orders ?按命令（行事）;接到命令

take orders from ?聽從……的命令

注意：以上短語中不使用冠詞。

3. condition ?n. ?狀況;環(huán)境;條件

（1） 狀況;狀態(tài)（多作不可數(shù)名詞）

Whats the patients condition？

病人的情況如何？

He cant travel in that condition.

在那種狀態(tài)下，他不能旅行。

（2） 情況;環(huán)境（多作復(fù)數(shù)）

The miners there worked in dreadful conditions.

那里的礦工們?cè)跇O其惡劣的環(huán)境中工作。

Conditions were favorable for business then.

當(dāng)時(shí)的形勢(shì)有利于經(jīng)商。

（3） 條件（可數(shù)）

Ill do it on condition that you pay for everything.

我可以做此事，條件是你得支付一切費(fèi)用。

Hard work is a condition of success.

勤奮是成功的前提。

be in condition ?身體很好

be out of condition ?身體不適

be in good condition ?完好無損

be in no condition to ?（身體狀況）不適做……

on condition that ?在……條件下

on no condition ?決不（放在句首會(huì)引起部分倒裝）

比較：condition，state和situation的區(qū)別

（1） state表“狀態(tài);狀況”時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)人或事物在某種特定時(shí)期內(nèi)具有的特征和所處的環(huán)境，如normal state，the mental state，the present state。

The building is in a bad state of repair.

這棟建筑急需修理。

（2） condition含義與state基本相同，用于這一含義時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。conditions指“形勢(shì);事態(tài);環(huán)境”。

The goods arrived in good condition.

貨物抵達(dá)完好無損。

（3） situation指“形勢(shì);情況;局面”，往往指一組情況或一些情況的綜合。

The people of the world want to end the situation of war between the two countries.

全世界人民希望結(jié)束這兩國(guó)之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)局面。

4. principle ?n. ?原則;道義;為人之道

You may find the examples dated in this book， but the principles still hold true.

盡管書中的例子陳舊了，但原則仍然適用。

It is a matter of principle with her to answer her childrens questions honestly.

如實(shí)回答孩子們的問題對(duì)她來說關(guān)系到做人的原則。

in principle ?原則上;大致上

on principle ?按照原則

5. stress ?vt. ?強(qiáng)調(diào);著重;加壓力于;使緊張

n. ?壓力;重音

The English teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud.

英語老師強(qiáng)調(diào)了朗讀的重要性。

Stress the second syllable.

重讀第二個(gè)音節(jié)。

The weight of snow stressed the roof to the point of collapsing.

雪的重量壓得屋頂快要塌了。

6. bring up ?養(yǎng)育;撫養(yǎng);培養(yǎng);提出;嘔吐

Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.

她出生后不久父母雙亡，是由姑母撫養(yǎng)大的。

I was brought up to always respect the old.

我從小就被教導(dǎo)要尊重長(zhǎng)輩。

The lunar exploration has brought up a new subject.

對(duì)月球的探測(cè)帶來一個(gè)新課題。

He was so ill that he brought up everything.

他病得很厲害，什么都吐出來了。

7. for the first time ?第一次

Ten years ago， I went to the tropics for the first time.

十年前，我第一次到熱帶去。

I shall never forget seeing you for the first time in 1964.

我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了1964年第一次見到你的情景。

比較：for the first time和the first time的區(qū)別

（1） for the first time首次;第一次，表示有生以來或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)第一次做某事，在句中一般單獨(dú)作狀語。

The two girl students talked for the first time at the beginning of the term.

兩位女生在開學(xué)初首次交談。

（2） the first time首次;第一次，常引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其重點(diǎn)不是講第一次做什么，而是說明另一動(dòng)作或情況;也可以作表語，強(qiáng)調(diào)到說話為止某一情況或動(dòng)作的次數(shù)。

I knew we would be good friends the first time I met her.

第一次見到她，我就知道我們會(huì)成為好朋友。

This is the first time I have been to the Great Wall.

這是我第一次來到長(zhǎng)城。

8. hear of ?聽說

（1） hear of作“聽說”講，指聽到別人說某人或某事（即間接聽說），后面通常接名詞或代詞，與hear about同義。

I have never heard of such a man.

我從未聽說過這樣一個(gè)人。

（2） （will not） hear of ?不同意;不允許

He wouldnt hear of me paying for the bill.

他不肯讓我付賬。

sb hear （that）... ?某人聽說……

make oneself heard ?高聲說話使別人聽見

hear from ?收到……的信息;接……的來信

hear sb out ?聽完（某人的話）

hear sb do ?聽見某人做某事（針對(duì)已完成的事，被動(dòng)

時(shí)則用sb be heard to do）

hear sb doing ?聽見某人做某事（針對(duì)正在進(jìn)行的事，

被動(dòng)時(shí)則用sb be heard doing）

9. they say （that） ?人家說;據(jù)說

They say that Ken is very good at operating computers.

= It is said that Ken is good at operating computers.

= Ken is said to be very good at operating computers.

據(jù)說肯很會(huì)操作電腦。

10. a bit ?有點(diǎn);稍微

Im a bit tired tonight.

今晚我有點(diǎn)疲倦。

The painting on the wall is a bit crooked.

墻上的油畫有些歪。

11. if so ?要是那樣的話;在那種情況下

If so， then my friend Peter is a bit mad.

要是那樣的話，那么我的朋友彼得就有點(diǎn)瘋了。

If so， why didnt you tell me？

如果是這樣，你為什么不告訴我？

if any ?假如有

if possible ?如果可能的話

if only ?只要……就好了;但愿

if anything ?如果有什么（區(qū)別）的話

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

One of the most popular literary figures in American literature is a woman who spent almost half of her long life in China， a country on a continent thousands of miles from the United States. In her lifetime she got this countrys most honored literary award， the Pulitzer Prize， and also the most prestigious （有聲望的） form of literary recognition in the world， the Nobel Prize for literature.

Pearl Buck was almost a household word throughout much of her lifetime because of her literary output， which consisted of some eighty-five published works， including several dozen novels， six collections of short stories， fourteen books for children， and more than a dozen works of nonfiction （非小說）.

When she was eighty years old， some twenty-five books were awaiting publication. Many of those books were set in China， the land in which she spent so much of her life. Her books and her life served as a bridge between the cultures of the East and the West.

Her background （背景） as the product of those two cultures made her into an unusually interesting and versatile （多才多藝的） human being. As we examine the life of Pearl Buck， we cannot help but realise that we are in fact meeting three different people： a wife and mother， an internationally famous writer， and a humanitarian （人道主義者）. One cannot really get to know Pearl Buck without learning about each of the three. Though honored in her lifetime with the William Dean Howell Medal of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in addition to the Nobel and Pulitzer Prize， Pearl Buck as a total human being， not only a famous author， is a fascinating subject of study.

1. What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage？

A. To offer information about the works of Pearl Buck.

B. To show Pearl Bucks views on Chinese literature.

C. To introduce Pearl Buck to readers.

D. To discuss Pearl Bucks influence on the cultures of the East and the West.

2. Pearl Buck is known as a writer of ___ .

A. novels B. childrens books

C. short stories D. all of the above

3. What does the underlined words suggest in Paragraph 2？

A. Pearl Buck was well known.

B. Pearl Buck was a poor woman.

C. Pearl Buck used to be a housewife.

D. The name Pearl Buck was used only at home.

4. Why was Pearl Buck an unusual woman in American literature？

A. She published half of her books abroad.

B. She achieved her first success very late in life.

C. She wrote extensively about a very different culture.

D. She won more awards than any other woman of her time.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

philosopher important kindness teach principle

order equal thinker complain educate

1. We should follow the ____ of seeking truth.

2. This big news is received as a development of major ____ .

3. His ____ had a great influence on my way of thinking.

4. Good looks are not as important as ____ ， which is a good quality we should have.

5. All countries， no matter how big or small they are， should be ____ .

6. He eventually became one of Americas most respected twentieth century ____ .

7. Confucius was not only a great educator but also a well-known ____ .

8. I dont like to think of the means the military will take to keep ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 他強(qiáng)調(diào)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)總是誠(chéng)實(shí)。

2. 盡管她是在城市里出生和長(zhǎng)大的，但她更喜歡農(nóng)村的生活。

3. 中國(guó)古代大部分偉大的思想家信奉仁慈的重要性。

4. 有一段時(shí)間沒有人聽從他的勸告。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. — I think he is playing an active part in social work.

— I agree with you ___ .

A. in a way B. in the way

C. by the way D. on the way

2. It is reported that the police will soon ___ the case of the two missing children.

A. look up B. look after

C. look into D. look out

3. All of us want to live ___ ， but some countries are still ___ with each other.

A. in peace; in war B. in peace; at war

C. at peace; in war D. at peace; at war

4. Can you make a sentence to ___ the meaning of the story.

A. bring out B. bring on

C. bring up D. bring about

5. Experts have been ___ warning of the health risks caused by smoking.

A. for the time B. at one time

C. at a time D. for some time

6. All the countries in the world should be equal___ each other， though some developing countries cant develop ___ some sections.

A. with; on B. to; in

C. to; on D. with; in

7. The children are all at ___ table， while the father sits at ___ table， watching TV.

A. /; / B. the; the

C. /; the D. the; /

8. I dont like the way ___ he speaks to me.

A. how B. which

C. that D. of which

9. The reason ___ he failed to be the leader of our group is ___ he seemed to be over self-confident.

A. that; which B. that; why

C. why; which D. why; that

10. Do not forget your ___ to help your parents.

A. justice B. duty

C. freedom D. honesty

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

duty stress respect resign active

influential position honest order inventor

1. He accepted the ____ ， but asked so small a salary.

2. The development of education is ____ in his report.

3. They said he had ____ from their company.

4. I know he is a very ____ writer， whose books are popular， especially among young people.

5. I believe him. I am sure of his ____ .

6. Since I have been helping their masters to solve the problem， they have treated me with ____ .

7. The danger that suddenly threatened recalled him to a sense of ____ .

8. Another third of the elementary schools are ____ working to acquire computers.

句子翻譯

1. 已經(jīng)到達(dá)的那列火車是從成都來的。

2. 你喜歡的女孩就是我喜歡的女孩。

3. 上海是我的父親曾經(jīng)住過的地方。

4. 車禍發(fā)生在我到達(dá)的那天。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. We hope to get such a tool ___ he is using.

A. where B. that

C. as D. which

2. This is the best hotel in the city ___ I know.

A. it B. where

C. that D. which

3. There isnt so much noise in the countryside ___ in big cities.

A. as B. where

C. which D. that

4. I often think of my childhood ___ I lived on a farm.

A. who B. when

C. where D. which

5. He talked happily about the men and books ___ interested him greatly in the school.

A. that B. when

C. who D. which

6. The young woman ___ I spoke just now is a young doctor.

A. who B. to whom

C. whom D. that

7. Please show me the book ___ you bought yesterday.

A. which B. when

C. whose D. where

8. I will never forget the day ___ we worked together in London.

A. when B. on that

C. which D. in which

9. I will never forget the day ___ we spent together.

A. when B. on which

C. which D. while

10. Make sure you have turned off the computer before going out.

___ .

A. Hear it B. Made it

C. Got it D. Forgot it

完形填空

In 1896， 17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics. There he met Marits， a girl from Hungary. They ? ?1 ? ?in the same class and the common interest in physics ? ?2 ? ?the two together and they became good friends. Before long they ? ?3 ? ?in love with each other. In 1903， when Einstein was 24， he ? ?4 ? ?Marits， who was 4 years older than he.

Before their marriage， Einstein ? ?5 ? ?himself to the research of the great theory of relativity （相對(duì)論）. To give her husband more ? ?6 ? ， Marits ? ?7 ? ?up her own work， and became a good wife and ? ?8 ? . She tried her best to encourage him ? ?9 ? ?possible. She was sure that her husband would succeed. They often ? ?10 ? ?the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room. They ? ?11 ? ?did that in their ? ?12 ? ?when one of them was away from home.

In 1914， the Einsteins moved to Berlin and ? ?13 ? ?down there. At that time， Einsteins theory ? ?14 ? ?to be correct and he became ?famous all over the world. Marits was very ? ?15 ? ?of her husband with his success. ? ?16 ? ?it was not long after the First World War

17 ? ， Marits as well as her two sons， who were ? ?18 ? ?in Switzerland， couldnt come back to Berlin any longer. The ? ?19 ? ?not only stopped Einsteins work but also broke up the warm， happy

20 ? . In 1919， Einstein and Marits had to get divorced （離婚）.

1. A. met B. attended C. studied D. appeared

2. A. let B. connected C. caused D. brought

3. A. fell B. got C. lost D. turned

4. A. left B. knew C. married D. followed

5. A. adopted B. impressed C. aimed D. devoted

6. A. freedom B. help C. money D. changes

7. A. gave B. held C. kept D. took

8. A. mother B. cook C. servant D. assistant

9. A. whatever B. whenever C. however D. whichever

10. A. mentioned B. practised C. discussed D. exchanged

11. A. thus B. yet C. ever D. even

12. A. experiments B. works C. books D. letters

13. A. put B. lived C. settled D. worked

14. A. seemed B. appeared C. looked D. proved

15. A. fond B. proud C. crazy D. sure

16. A. Where B. Since C. That D. When

17. A. gave out B. broke out C. went up D. took place

18. A. living B. working C. travelling D. performing

19. A. country B. job C. world D. war

20. A. life B. time C. home D. family

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

contribution justice discover importance invent

equal material soft afford category

1. Everybody should be treated with ____ .

2. The money came from worldwide ____ .

3. The Chinese ____ the compass.

4. He closed the door ____ so that he should not rouse anybody.

5. These books can be divided into two ____ .

6. Please send us the ____ at once. Its urgently needed.

7. Im very busy this week and cant ____ to see two films.

8. In 1932， an American scientist reported an unexpected and astonishing ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 他和他的哥哥都不仔細(xì)。（no + 比較級(jí) + than）

2. 我不認(rèn)識(shí)我昨天給她雨傘的那位婦女。

3. 盡管她開車很快，但她的方向感很差。

4. 他對(duì)公司的成功做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. The subject ___ I am interested is English.

A. in that B. that

C. in which D. which

2. Ill show you a store ___ you can buy all ___ you need.

A. that; that B. which; that

C. where; which D. in which; /

3. The cloth ___ this coat is made is produced in Nanjing.

A. of which B. for which

C. from which D. with which

4. David is such a good boy ___ all the teachers like him.

A. that B. who

C. as D. whom

5. The train ___ she was traveling was late.

A. which B. where

C. on which D. in that

6. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation ___ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A. where B. which

C. that D. when

7. The goals ___ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A. at which B. with which

C. after which D. for which

8. This is the very bike ___ he is going to take a sightseeing.

A. in which B. on which

C. with which D. by which

9. The hours ___ the children spend watching TV may affect their relationships with real-life people.

A. when B. that

C. in which D. on which

10. The English play ___ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.

A. for which B. at which

C. in which D. on which

閱讀表達(dá)（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。）

Alexander Graham Bell （1847—1922）， inventor of the telephone， was born in Edinburgh， Scotland， on March 3， 1847. He was educated in Edinburgh schools and studied briefly at University of Edinburgh. At the age of sixteen he became an instructor in speech and music at a college in Scotland. He moved to London in 1865. In 1870 he went with his family to Ontario， Canada. In 1871 he lectured on his system of speech for the deaf. From his use of visual device （視覺裝備） to teach speech to deaf children， he developed the idea of the telephone. He was also， at this time， deeply interested in a telegraph system that would allow more than one transmission （轉(zhuǎn)換） over the same wire to pass at the same time. Three years later he discovered that sound could be transmitted over a wire by electricity. On February 14， 1876， both Bell and Elisha Gray applied for patents （專利） for the invention of the telephone. Bells patent was issued on March 7， but it was not until 1893，after many lawsuits， that the Supreme Court decided in his favor. On March 10， 1876， the first sentence ever transmitted by electricity over wires was sent by him. Among Bells other achievements was an improvement on Edisons phonograph and， working with others， a device to improve the stability of airplanes.

Bell received an award at the international Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876， and the following year was awarded Francess Volta Prize and membership in the Legion of Honor. In 1882 he became an American citizen. He wrote over one hundred articles and pamphlets and between 1875 and 1922 received thirty patents which had to do with communication by telephone and speech by the deaf. He died in Nova Scotia on August 2， 1922.

1. What did Bell instruct at the college in Scotland？ （no more than 3 words）

2. What did Bell discover in 1874？ （no more than 10 words）

3. Why wasnt Bells patent for the invention of the telephone accepted at once？ （no more than 10 words）

4. When did Bell get his patent for the invention of the telephone？ （no more than 2 words）

5. At what age did Bell become an American citizen？ （no more than 5 words）

?跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

Even before my father left us， my mother had to go back to work to support our family. Once I came out of the kitchen， complaining， “Mom， I cant peel potatoes. I have only one hand.”

Mom never looked up from sewing. “You get yourself into that kitchen and peel those potatoes，” she told me. “And dont ever use that as an excuse for anything again！”

In the second grade， our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars， swinging from one high steel bar to the next. When it was my turn， I shook my head. Some kids behind me laughed， and I went home crying.

That night I told Mom about it. She hugged me， and I saw her “well see about that” look. The next afternoon， she took me back to school. At the deserted playground， Mom looked carefully at the bars.

“Now， pull up with your right arm，” she advised. She stood by as I struggled to lift myself with my right hand until I could hook the bar with my other arm. Day after day we practiced， and she praised me for every rung （橫檔） I reached. Id never forget the moment when I was crossing the rungs. I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open.

One night， after a dance at my new junior high， I lay in bed sobbing. I could hear Mom come into my room. “Mom，” I said， weeping， “none of the girls would dance with me.”

For a long time， I didnt hear anything. Then she said， “Oh， honey， someday youll be beating those boys off with a bat. ”Her voice was soft and weak. I glanced at her to see tears running down her cheeks. Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears.

1. Whats Moms attitude when she made the writer peel potatoes？

A. Cruel. B. Serious.

C. Strict. D. Cold.

2. From the passage， we know monkey bars can help a child train ___ .

A. the skill to circle round a bar

B. the skill to throw and catch things

C. the speed of ones hand movement

D. the strength and skill to hang and swing

3. What does the underlined sentence imply？

A. Mom believed every aim could be achieved if you stuck to it.

B. What the writer had said brought Mom great attraction and curiosity.

C. Mom was determined to prove she herself was better than the teacher.

D. The race across monkey bars was not difficult enough for a kid to give up.

4. Why were the kids standing with mouths open when the writer was crossing the rungs？

A. They felt sorry for what they had done before.

B. They were astonished to find the writers progress.

C. They were afraid the writer might fall off and get hurt.

D. They enjoyed watching what the writer was doing on the bars.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

figure adviser condition spread ruin

argument freedom love invention fuel

1. His forceful ____ put his opponent to silence.

2. He is one of the ____ to the President.

3. The American flag stands for ____ and justice.

4. Doctors say there is no change in the patients physical ____ .

5. Edison was considered to be one of the greatest ____ in the world.

6. Many small plants in that country closed down for lack of ____ .

7. The disease is ____ ， and all children under 5 are at risk.

8. I remembered the lady I was half in ____ with， only for her dancing.

句子翻譯

1. 總之，我要感謝你為我所做的一切。

2. 他六歲時(shí)第一次乘坐飛機(jī)，從那以后便對(duì)飛行產(chǎn)生了興趣。

3. 我為作為一個(gè)發(fā)明家感到驕傲。

4. 他以前住的那棟房子現(xiàn)在是工廠了。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. The man is in very good ___ ， but his living ___ bad.

A. conditions; conditions are

B. conditions; condition is

C. condition; condition is

D. condition; conditions are

2. I thought her kind and honest ___ I met her.

A. first time B. for the first time

C. the first time D. by the first time

3. The meeting， ___ he was absent， is ___ .

A. which; important

B. that; important

C. from which; of great important

D. from which; of great importance

4. Cant you ___ a better excuse than hers？

A. discover B. invent

C. produce D. create

5. Please just listen ___ . Then turn to page 68 and point to the sentence you hear.

A. at first B. for the first time

C. the first time D. first of all

6. His handwriting is ___ ， and his sisters is ___ his.

A. not good; no better than

B. not good; not better than

C. good; no better than

D. good; not better than

7. That is the day ___ Ill never forget.

A. which B. on which

C. in which D. when

8. The manager ordered that the mail ___ to him at once.

A. to send B. sent

C. be sent D. will be sent

9. Thanks to the environmental protection plan， our living conditions have been greatly ___ .

A. increased B. improved

C. developed D. grown

10. They agreed to the plan only ___ .

A. in all B. in conclusion

C. in common D. in principle

The Great Inventions of Edison's

愛迪生的偉大發(fā)明

There are many people who say Thomas Edison single-handedly invented the twentieth century. Although there are those who may disagree， one thing cannot be denied： Edison was a genius， and his inventions greatly affected the development of modern society.

有許多人認(rèn)為是愛迪生一手創(chuàng)造了20世紀(jì)。雖然不少人可能有不同的看法，但有一件事無法否認(rèn)：愛迪生是個(gè)天才，他的發(fā)明深刻地影響了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展。

Born in 1847 in Ohio， Thomas Edison attended school for only three months. After his teacher claimed that he could not learn， Edisons mother decided to teach him at home. There he was allowed to explore the subjects that most interested him. By age ten， Edison had built a science laboratory in the basement of his familys home and had become an avid experimenter.

1847年，愛迪生出生于俄亥俄州。他僅僅上了三個(gè)月的學(xué)。在愛迪生的老師聲稱他有學(xué)習(xí)障礙之后，他的母親決定在家教他。在家里，愛迪生可以隨心所欲地探索最使他感興趣的事物。十歲那年，愛迪生在家里的地下室建了一間科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。從此，愛迪生就成為一位孜孜不倦的實(shí)驗(yàn)者。

Edison got his first job at age twelve on the railway selling candy and newspapers. Three years later， he suffered an ear injury from a train accident and lost much of his hearing. He could have had an operation， but he refused. He insisted that being deaf helped him concentrate on his experiments.

十二歲時(shí)，愛迪生找到了他的第一份工作──在火車上賣糖果和報(bào)紙。三年后，一場(chǎng)火車事故導(dǎo)致他耳朵受傷，幾乎完全失聰。他本可以接受手術(shù)治療，但他拒絕了，因?yàn)樗麍?jiān)信，聽覺的喪失可以讓他更專心地做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

Thomas Edisons first invention was the automatic telegraph repeater. He was already an expert on the telegraph before he came up with a gadget that sent telegraph signals between unmanned stations. Thanks to Edison， people were then able to send several telegraph messages simultaneously.

電報(bào)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器是愛迪生的第一個(gè)發(fā)明。他發(fā)明的這種裝置，用于在無人看管的兩站之間傳輸電報(bào)信號(hào)。在此項(xiàng)發(fā)明前，愛迪生就已經(jīng)是位電報(bào)專家了。幸虧有愛迪生，我們才能在同一時(shí)間傳送好幾封電報(bào)訊息。

Next came the electric vote recorder. It made voting quicker and more accurate， yet no one wanted to buy it. Edison then moved on to tackle the stock market ticker， the machine that gave information about stock market prices. Edison improved it， and sold the rights for US$40，000.

接下來的電子計(jì)票器讓統(tǒng)計(jì)票數(shù)的速度更快、更準(zhǔn)確，但卻沒有人買。之后，愛迪生轉(zhuǎn)而進(jìn)行股票行情收錄器的研究，他改進(jìn)了收錄器，并將該項(xiàng)專利以四萬美元賣出。

In his late twenties， Edison built an “invention factory” where he and his business partners could dedicate all their time to inventing. After improving upon the telephone， Edison created the phonograph， his favorite and most lucrative invention. Although Edison did not actually invent the light bulb， he did create an electric lighting system which led to its widespread use.

近三十歲時(shí)，愛迪生蓋了一座“發(fā)明工廠”，可讓他和他的同事專心致力于發(fā)明工作。在改進(jìn)了電話功能后，愛迪生又發(fā)明了留聲機(jī)，這是他喜愛的而且最能賺錢的一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。雖然愛迪生實(shí)際上并沒有發(fā)明燈泡，但他的確發(fā)明了電燈照明系統(tǒng)，這促進(jìn)了燈泡的廣泛使用。

A tireless achiever， Edison established the first central electric power station in 1882， enabling New York to be the first city in the world to have electric lights. This was the beginning of the modern world in which electricity became a way of life.

1882年，這位孜孜不倦的實(shí)踐家建成了第一座中央電站，使紐約市成為世界上第一個(gè)有電力照明設(shè)備的城市。這就是現(xiàn)代世界的開始，用電成為人們的一種生活方式。

The following year， one of Edisons engineers discovered electrons， which eventually led to electronics. This discovery was patented as the “Edison effect”. Without electronics， we might not have radio， TV， computers， or space travel. The rest of Edisons life was spent making and improving inventions including the motion picture camera， the alkaline battery， the copy machine， and the microphone.

第二年，愛迪生手下的一名工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)了電子，最終產(chǎn)生了電子學(xué)。這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)以“愛迪生效應(yīng)”為名獲得發(fā)明專利。假若沒有電子學(xué)，我們很可能就沒有收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)、電腦甚至沒有太空旅行。在最后的歲月里，愛迪生繼續(xù)創(chuàng)造并改進(jìn)那些發(fā)明，其中包括電影攝像機(jī)、堿性電池、復(fù)印機(jī)及麥克風(fēng)。

Thomas Edison died at the age of eighty-four in 1931. Three days later， much of America dimmed its lights in honor of the inventor—man who had more impact on the development of present-day civilization than anyone else in history.

愛迪生于1931年去世，享年八十四歲。在他死后三天，美國(guó)大部分地區(qū)暗下燈來，紀(jì)念這位在歷史上對(duì)現(xiàn)代文明發(fā)展最具影響力的發(fā)明家。