曉出凈慈寺送林子方

張立博

（北京經(jīng)濟(jì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院 北京 100102）

曉出凈慈寺送林子方

張立博

（北京經(jīng)濟(jì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院 北京 100102）

【古詩欣賞】

詩是美的，不但韻律美，意境更美，下面就請大家欣賞一首關(guān)于杭州西湖的古詩。

曉出凈慈寺送林子方

Xiǎochū Jìngcí Sì sòng Lín Zǐfāng

宋——Sòng 楊萬里——Yáng Wànlǐ

畢竟西湖六月中——Bìjìng Xīhú liùyuè zhōng，

風(fēng)光不與四時同——Fēngguāng bù yǔ sì shí tóng。

接天蓮葉無窮碧——Jiē tiān lián yè wúqióng bì，

映日荷花別樣紅——Yìng rì héhuā bié yàng hóng。

生詞Vocabulary

凈慈寺 Jìng Cí Sì the name of a famous Temple

林子方 Lín Zǐfāng name of the friend of the poet

畢竟 bìjìng however......in the end

六月中 liùyuè zhōng mid June

四時 sìshí four seasons,year round

同 tóng the same

接天 jiētiān connecting the sky

無窮 wúqióng boundless

無窮碧 wúqióng bì green leaves everywhere

映日 yìngrì reflecting sunlight

別樣 biéyàng Song Dynasty’s Idiom special,different

別樣紅 biéyànghóng particularly red

【翻譯】

An early morning farewell to Lin Zifang at the doorsteps of Jingci Temple

What sets the West Lake in Mid June apart,

From the rest of the year?This amazing view does;

To the skyline,Emerald lotus leaves endlessly spread,

Among which,the flowers under the sunlight present vivid red in contrast.

【關(guān)于詩人】

楊萬里（1127-1206），吉州吉水（今江西省吉水縣）人。南宋杰出詩人、政治家和愛國人士，與尤袤、范成大、陸游合稱“南宋四大家”。

About the Poet

Yang Wanli（楊萬里yáng wàn lǐ）（1127-1206）was born in Jizhou county,Jishui city in today’s Jiangxi Province.Yang is a famous poet of Southern Song Dynasty（1127-1279）,and had a good reputation both as an official and a patriot.

Yang Wanli,together with You Mao,Fan Chengda and Lu You,are called"four master poets of mid Southern Song"in the history of Chinese literature.

【詩詞賞析】

詩的第一句“畢竟西湖六月中，風(fēng)光不與四時同”沒有直接描寫西湖的自然之美，而是從季節(jié)的獨(dú)特性上引發(fā)讀者的興趣。接下來，詩人用強(qiáng)烈的對比手法生動地描寫了凈慈寺外的西湖美景“接天蓮葉無窮碧，映日荷花別樣紅”：湛藍(lán)的天空、覆滿蓮葉的湖水、明媚的陽光和白里透紅的蓮花，渲染出無垠的時空感。而更大的對比則是眼前的美景與送別友人的悲傷，在內(nèi)心深處，詩人期望眼前的如畫美景能改變友人遠(yuǎn)行的決定。

全詩有多處暗喻，“天”和“日”指“天子”“朝廷”；“蓮葉”、“荷花”都指林子方；“無窮碧”、“別樣紅”是說前途大好，一片光明。詩人的朋友決定離開朝廷，那就意味著失去了皇帝的寵愛，就好象沒有陽光雨露的荷葉蓮花一樣暗淡無光，因此詩人借用這首詩來勸說自己的朋友留下，可惜，他的朋友并沒看懂，大喊“好詩”便去福州了。從此林子方淹沒在歷史長河之中。

【Analysis and Appreciation】

畢竟西湖六月中，風(fēng)光不與四時同 Instead of the West Lake's nature beauty,the poet took a new approach to put his feeling about uniqueness of the season in the first sentence of the poem to arouse readers'interest.What follows is a vivid depiction of the beautiful view of the West Lake outside the Jingci temple,which is picture full of contrast:接天蓮葉無窮碧，映日荷花別樣紅Blue sky and lake covered by endless green lotus leaves,bright sunlight and red lotus flowers,a sense of endless time and space met up and a world full of life.A bigger contrast is the natural beauty in front of the eyes set against the sorrow felt for a departing good friend.Perhaps deep inside,the poet hope what they see and feel at that moment can change his friend's mind and giving up the idea of going away.

There are a series of metaphors hidden inside the poem.The lotus leaves and flowers can only show their vivid colours in the context of sun and the sky, which means the Emperor and the royal court.The poet's friend,how has decided to leave the capital,will certainly lose the favour of the Emperor,just like the leaves and flowers will lose their colours without sun and sky.The poet is actually suggesting his friend stay at the centre of stage and give up the idea of going off.Obviously,his friend only appraised the literature value of the poem without figuring out the hidden meaning and went straight to Fuzhou which is far away from the capital.