National Memory－National Image－National Security —— National Security Ideology and the Theoretical Model

Gong Weibo

(School of Art and Sports Sichuan Agricultural University，Ya’an Sichuan 625014)

Ⅰ.National security ideology

The Chinese tradition of“the whole world as one community”has explored the cross-culture transmission based on etiquette and custom civilization，which is quite opposite to the imaginary strategy in the gangster logic of western countries.Apparently，the basis of western security institution is restricting others or even worshipping wars.Therefore，it can be concluded that“the construction of national moral image in the modern narration of all non-western countries always coexists with the reasonable imagination of the enemy.Therefore，we can see the contradiction between wars and peace in national memory and national image.Neither western modernity nor original eastern modernity can transcend the foundation，premise，method and orientation of national security，which explains the cultural transmission of national memory concerning war criminals and war heroes.”Hence，“the substantial problem of studying the Chinese image cannot avoid the problem that how the research of Chinese image has turned into the reproduction mode of western Chinese image discourse.”

Ⅱ.National memory strategy and national image strategy under the national security ideology

We has only established the imperial image of a peaceful country from the perspective of security ideology.We need to build new national security mode in the ideology of reform and opening up.Therefore，we should change the current national security ideology and reestablish the national image strategy.The security of new China and the“Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence”has great transformational significance，which shows the abstract overall recognition and impression of new China in the worldwide.Nowadays，only researches on the concept of national security ideology and historical evolution with analysis of the characteristics，structures and functions of national security ideology can establish the concept，formation and evolution of nations and national security ideology as well and the national security ideology against the background of globalization.China needs a justice international image;therefore，we should conduct a comprehensive research on the national image of security strategic，namely the problem of the new image of China.

With the global progress of national strategy，the cross-cultural transmission of national security ideology has become increasingly important.We must be clearly aware that different national memory，development path and comprehensive national strength will contribute to the different national security strategies.There are huge differences between the interactive development mode and development path，national strength and national conditions in the new situation.It is still a long way to go to build a bright future for all nations，and it cannot be expected that each nation has sound security institution commons in another one.In this case，the variance and disputes of ideology tend to bring unnecessary imagination to the transmission of national security ideology.Facing the challenge of national security ideology，we need to analyze the interrelationship and significance of ideology，military security，political security，economic security，cultural security and information security in details so as to safeguard the fundamental security of the nation.Therefore，we attach great importance to the“presentation of a sovereign state in the world stage and its pubic opinions reflection in the international environment”and the pursuit of“a relatively stable overall evaluation of a nation by international public mass”.

The western theoretical circle has been actively exploring the rebranding of national image，whose researches mainly focus on the attempt to replace political national ideology by scientific security ideology and study global security strategies.These scholars tend to believe that the freedom of commons is of great importance to the national security of USA and other western countries.They hope that they can find new increasing points for the global security strategy of western countries by relevant studies and seek measures for the challenges from the newly-emerging countries and beyond.Relevant studies have gradually caught the attention of international relations circle of China during recent years.Some scholars have proposed the countermeasures of China from the perspective of the special status and cultural mode of China in international security，namely the pursuit of security of national finance，food and environment and the construction of basic society guided by the global security strategy dominated by USA.China aims at inviting more countries to get involved with its regional strategies.Therefore，China and its neighboring countries have stepped on the harmonious，stable and sustainable development path.

Ⅲ.Basic theoretical model

The national security theoretical mode of China needs to be improved badly.At present，the construction of Chinese army is experiencing constant international exchange.Much strategic imagination needs modern strategic protocol between China and India，China and Japan and China and other Asian island countries.Therefore，China，as a great power with responsibilities，should realize the governance of regional legal principle.Instead of adopting the strategy of“hiding one’s capacities and biding one’s time”，we have established national security strategy of“global security”and“international security”and carefully considered the new principles of national security.First，we should adhere to the four modernizations and regard the modern security system as the bottom line of the nation and the Party.The security of science，agriculture，industry and national defense has established the concept and method of the cross-culture image of China as well as the basic problem of national security.Centering on this system，we can set up three research levels of national image，security type and institution prototype.Therefore，the discussion on the model of basic national security theories can be divided into three aspects，namely culture，strategy and institution.

The first aspect is national security strategy in terms of culture.There are two types of Orientalism in the modern western mind，namely the ethic security ideology in the social expectation of“Confucian utopia”and the national security ideology of“immobile empire”，“oriental autocratic empire”and“savage or half savage empire”.Then how can we be integrated in the western social public security and“global commons”mode based on national legal principles.The national security concept of China，as one of the permanent member of the United Nations Security Council，includes global commons thoughts in the pluralistic society.However，the Confucian school of philosophy of China has turned into Taoism and not been fully accepted by national security ideology.

Later，national security of China has adhered to the moral concept of Confucian-ism.The idea“do unto others as you would be done”is similar to the wide share of“commons nation”proposed by Marcus Aurelius in the Meditations.Besides，the idea that“do unto others as you would be done”exposes that if everyone keeps others’belongings to their own，the whole humankind will collapse，and that if cares only go to one’s own kind rather than foreigners，then the common interest belt of human and interpersonal ties built by gods will ultimately be damaged.The concept of“human common possessions”raised in jus gentium clearly shows the tendency of facing the whole world.Undoubtedly，there is prospective study in USA which includes the new tendency and new normality of the security of international finance，industry and commerce，agriculture and regions in the globalization.China should rapidly initial its cultural strategy and actively keep up with the construction of international public system，thus forming its own cultural attitude of national security and exert its cultural wisdom in international affairs to the full.

The second aspect is national security strategy in terms of strategy.The national security of China has stepped into the creative phase of regional security mode.It has become the bottom line of China’s security as to how to establish our strategic security education，get rid of strategy imagination and safeguard territorial integrity.The two-way principle of“freedom of the open seas”and“offshore sovereign”officially proposed in Law of War and Peace written by Hugo Grotius refers to how to build governance relations with neighboring countries and safeguard the security of neighboring environment and resources in the contradictions of between exclusive interests and inclusive interests.

It needs to be noticed that the regional security problem is a complicated strategic problem.But we can suspend disputes of neighboring“exclusive interests”and“inclusive interests”and coordinate together by grasping opportunities and building the national security bottom line on the principle of“four modernizations”guided by the reasonable principles of national security，which is in line with current situation.We should retrospect on the modern strategy and secure the foothold of human peace and survival.With the further deepening of globalization，all aspects of human social life have continually integrated and countries have become more and more closely interrelated.The global commons thoughts have been deepened and restructured in the globalization theories and global governance practice against the background.Therefore，national security will focus on the relevant construction of virtual network and international rules，which inspires the exploration of global commons theory and concept of current national security.

The third aspect is national security strategy in terms of institution.The establishment of national security of China needs the industrial integration of international cooperation.When it comes to the nation and global common relations，the important role played by the module of“international enterprise”brought by economic globalization in participating international competition will serve as the foundation of international security.As a result，network security，as the basic role of international commerce，has realized the replacement of“substantial world”by“signal world”.In one word，national security and global commons interact with each other and has formed the complicated subject network，which provides scene and situation for global schedule and contributes to the increasingly constant exchange between sovereign states.Despite that interdependence does not necessarily lead to cooperation，people from different countries and regions have actually begun to form“survival community”and“interest community”.As some scholars have pointed out the construction of world social idea in globalization，“the world productive methods tied by the symbiotic relationship of humans and the inner demand of survival and development of humans have made the global common survival and development the priority.The interrelationship of the interests of all countries has become evident and an interdependent network of inter-being has gradually formed.”

Global security involves“common management of resources，common establishment of institution，sharing interests and shouldering responsibility.”It stresses cooperative competition，open construction and multi-interests sharing，advocates global sense of responsibility of facing up to challenges and risks together，international spirit of contract featuring communication and coordination as well as the rational development outlook of cooperation and win-win.Global commons is leading humans to a new era in some sense，whose major task is not only boosting the interests of single sovereign state but also“transcend their interests and their local interests and focus on the benefits of mankind and the planet”.

Notes:

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〔4〕Susan J.，Buck，The Global Commons:An Introduction，London:Earthscan Publications Ltd.，1998.

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〔6〕西塞羅:《論義務(wù)》，王煥生譯，北京:中國政法大學出版社，1999年。

〔7〕桑德羅·斯奇巴尼:《物與物權(quán)》，范懷俊譯，北京:中國政法大學出版社，1999年。

〔8〕Barry R.Posen，Command of the Commons:The Military Foundation of U.S.Hegemony，International Security，vo1.28，no.1，2003，pp.5-46.