• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    Analysis of Disease Influence on the Flue-cured Tobacco During the Growth and Development Period of Enshi in 2014

    2015-02-05 03:30:48ShenglingWANGCaifuDINGYingZHANGJingjingWANG
    Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年6期
    關(guān)鍵詞:中國煙草煙區(qū)氣象條件

    Shengling WANG,Caifu DING,Ying ZHANG,Jingjing WANG

    1.Meteorological Bureau of Enshi,Enshi 445000,China;

    2.Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Enshi 445000,China

    Analysis of Disease Influence on the Flue-cured Tobacco During the Growth and Development Period of Enshi in 2014

    Shengling WANG1,Caifu DING2,Ying ZHANG1,Jingjing WANG1

    1.Meteorological Bureau of Enshi,Enshi 445000,China;

    2.Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Enshi 445000,China

    The growth of flue-cured tobacco can be significantly influenced by the temperature,sunlight,water,etc.The paper presents and analyzes the details of the disease influence on the flue-cured tobacco during the growth and development period in the high-mountainous and the middle-mountainous regions of Enshi based on the detailed climatolgical data.The results demonstrate that the most important climatic factors affecting the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco contain low temperature,even rainy,lack of sunlight and low evaporation.The deterious effects in the high-mountainous region,the heavy fog region and the flat ground are more serious compared with the middle-and low-mountainous regions,the light fog region and the sloping field,respectively.Furthermore,in order to reduce the deterious effects,helpful countermeasures are proposed favoring the growth and production of the flue-cured tobacco.

    Growth of flue-cured tobacco;Influence and analysis;Disease

    M eteorological factors have significant effects on cured tobacco growth and quality, for tobacco’s growth is closely related to sunshine,temperature and water, especially in resettling growth stage.In mountainous regions in Enshi,the optimal transplanting periods are from late April to middle May,when nutrient growth of tobaccos is prevented and bud differentiation advances due to low temperature and little sunshine,resulting in declining of tobacco yield and quality[1-2].

    The research analyzed the effects of meteorological factors on tobacco growth and development based on diseases of tobaccos after transplanting in mountainous regions in Enshi in 2014,providing references for cultivating tobaccos and field management in later periods.

    Data Source

    Survey information of tobaccos

    Growth vigor,leaf development and early blossoming of tobaccos were investigated from tobacco fields at 1.334 hm2in every counties of the tobacco growing regions in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

    Meteorological information

    The statistical information of meteorological factors,such as temperature,sunshine,rainfall and evaporation,during April-June 2014 were provided by Meteorological Bureaus of two county-level cities and six counties in Enshi Prefecture;temperature and precipitation in middle-mountainous regions and high-mountainous regions tobacco fields were provided by automatic meteorological stations,including the stations in Longping Village, Jianshi County,with an elevation of 1 470 m,Chunmuying Village and Xi-

    Basic Introduction of disaster

    Tobaccos in fields

    Firstly,tobacco seedlings grew slowly and the plants were generally small,with tall and slender leaves;the seedlings were yellow or dark green, with poor growth vigor.Secondly,after transplanting for 30-40 d,it is hard for resettling.Thirdly,some tobacco plants bloomed early when the 12th-13theuphyllae grew,and some plants were much short and stems thin.For example,the small plants were just 80-90 cm in height,with standard of 110-130 cm,and the stems were just 8-8.5 cm,with standard of 8.5-11.5 cm.Fourthly,weather flecks are usually observed on the down-part leaves in few tobacco fields in previous years, but it occurred in a large area this year. Fifthly,the left leaf number reduced by 1-2 leaves.Previously,the average left leaf number reaches 20-24 leaves which are not suitable for tobacco treatment,but just reached 18-20 leavers this year,and the leaves available after treatment only totaled 14-16 leaves.Finally,the tobacco leaf grew narrow in willow leaf-shape,which is much common this year in the Prefecture.For example,the length-to-width ratio in middle parts achieved 3,and few even at 4.For healthy leaves, however,the ratio should keep in the range of 2.1-2.5.

    Potential influences

    At first,tobacco leaves would be malnourished,with more water,so that the curing-tolerance would be poor. Because of more rains and less sunshine,moisture content of down-part leaves would be high,and the inner materials would be lower,resulting in difficulty of curing.Specifically,dry materials of down-part tobacco leavers were few,so that tobaccos yellowed or blacked fast at curing.As for leaves in middle or upper parts,moisture content was high and the included materials were few,so that tobaccos yellowed slowly at curing,and it would be difficult for color fixing.Furthermore, under influence of successive lowtemperature and little sunshine,tobacco plants grew slowly and few fertilizers were consumed.In maturing stage when days turned good,it advanced nitrogen absorption by plants, so that tobacco leaves turned dark green and drooped,and yellow leaves were hard to be observed.Besides, total yield per unit area kept lower. Specifically,due to tobacco growth influenced by meteorological factors,the accumulation of dry materials reduced, as well as the number of left leaf,and the weight of individual leaf declined, so that general yield per unit area would definitely decrease.Finally,tobacco quality would be affected,for cured tobaccos contained less oil and leaves turned thinner.

    Estimation of disease situation

    Tobacco growth vigor can be divided as follows:The first refers to the vigorous growing stage without disease or insect damages.The second refers to resettling stage when tobaccos grow in order.The third refers to the period when tobacco seedlings grew poorly,with poor,small or runt seedlings.According to statistical survey,the 1st-grade tobaccos represent 60%,the 2nd-grade tobaccos 30%and the 3rd-grade tobaccos 10%in the Prefecture.What’s worse,large-area tobaccos were affected by the disasters,so that the number of leaf reduced to two leaves and 40%tobaccos were affected by the weather fleck.

    Distribution characteristics

    In the year,the devastated areas of tobaccos proved much more serious in high-mountainous regions compared with middle-mountainous regions and low mountains,in foggy regions compared with few-fog regions,flatlands compared with slopes. Besides,the disease of cured-tobacco was severer than that of burley tobacco and of Yunyan No.87 more serious than that of K326;the disease of down-part leaves was severer compared with upper part leaves.

    Analysis of Influence Causes

    Temporal and spatial distribution of meteorological factors

    TemperatureAs shown in Fig.1-Fig.4,daily mean temperature of Middle-mountainous regions kept below 18℃from May 1stto May 31stfrom transplanting to resettling stage,and the temperature always maintained in the range of 13-17℃,which was 2.0℃lower compared with previous years.Since June 1st,daily mean temperature rose to over 20℃and aver-age temperature during June 1st-June 10thkept similar to the average of previous years;before May 17th,daily minimum temperature maintained in the range of 11-16℃,at or higher than 16℃from May 18th to May 31st,and over 18℃after June 1st.From June 6th to June 8th,the temperature kept below 10℃successively and over 16℃after June 1st.

    In high-mountainous regions, daily mean temperature from middle May to late May was in the range of 12-16℃;average of middle May was 3.4℃lower compared with previous years and of late May was 0.4℃lower;from early June to middle June,the temperature kept in the range of 16-18℃;the average of early June was 0.8℃higher compared with previous years and of middle June was 0.3℃lower;daily minimum temperature tended to be volatile before May 31stin the range of 7-16℃;after June 1st,the temperature maintained in 13-16.5℃.PrecipitationAs shown in Table 1, precipitations in middle May and early June in tobacco fields in middle-mountainous regions kept 45%-56%lower compared with previous years;the precipitation in early May was close to the average of historical records and in late May was 60%higher;from transplanting to resettling periods,the total precipitation was 7%lower than that of previous years and rainy days were 34%more.In contrast,total precipitation in high-mountainous tobacco fields was 38%lower compared with previous years from middle May to middle June,especially in middle May and early June,but the day of raining was 45%more.

    Sunshine and evaporationFrom transplanting to resettling stages,sunshine hours in middle-mountainous regions(May 1-June 10)and highmountainous regions(May 10-June 20)were 44%and 61%fewer compared with previous years.Specifically, sunshine hour in late May and early June were the least in middle-mountainous regions and kept lower by 37%-72%in different months in highmountainous regions.On the other hand,evaporation quantities in middlemountainous regions and high-mountainous regions were 59%and 57% lower compared with previous years, and the quantities were the least in late May by 70%and 72%lower.

    Analysis of influence causes

    Analysis of effects from meteorological factorsConsidering from meteorological factors,successive rainy days in April had adverse effects on ridging in tobacco fields,such as high moisture content in soils.With precipitation reduced in May-June, rainy days were frequent,so that evaporation quantity reduced significantly,especially after transplanting, when successive low-temperature rainy days resulted in high moisture content in tobacco fields.Consequently,tobacco roots developed not so well,and tobaccos’tolerance to disease declined,with serious weather fleck,affecting tobacco quality.

    In Enshi Prefecture,average rainy days reached 56.6 d in April-June in 2014,increasing by 16.9 d compared with the same period last year,and 6.7 d compared with previous years.Besides,sunshine hour of the period just totaled 190.7 h,reducing by 287 h compared with the same period last year,and decreased by 160.8 h compared with previous years.As for temperature,mean temperature of May was 18.6℃,which was 1.1℃lower compared with previous years, and the mean temperature of June was 22.7℃which was 0.3℃lower compared with previous years.

    Tobacco growth has demands on temperature and accumulated temperature.Before resettling,the number of leaf per plant has been decided actually,and the temperature of the 8th-10theuphyllae is the most closely to the number of leaf,followed by root development after transplanting[3-7].If temperature is lower and sunshine is less before or during tobacco growth for a long term,tobaccos would change from vegetative growth to reproductive growth,so that tobacco bloomed earlier.It is notable that tobacco growth requires more sunshine which promotes photosynthesis and improves yield and quality.If sunshine is less, cell division would proceed slowly,and cell elongation and intercellular space would increase,resulting in poor growth of leaf,slow accumulation of dry matter,and poor quality[8-9].On the other hand,more rainfalls would lead to soil hardening,affecting tobacco growth and leaf development,and resulting in leaching of fertilizers.In growth period of tobacco leaves,rainy days continued,with less sunshine. Hence,both of underground parts and ground parts were less supplied bynutrients,so that plants grew weakly, resulting in early blooming,thin leaf and poor inner quality.

    Considering from the devastated tobaccos,the phenomenon of seedlings stop growing for a while is under influence of low temperature; non-resettling stage is mainly caused by high moisture content and poor root development;early blooming is caused by low temperature and shortterm sunshine;weather fleck is a noninfectious disease,induced by ozone harm and low temperature,supplemented by high-temperature and highhumidity weather;the decrease of the number of leaf is by lower temperature before tobacco growth and more rains in root extending stage;the poorly spread leaf is caused by lack of sunshine and nutrients.Generally speaking,low temperature,rainy days,little sunshine and less evaporation contributed to the disaster.

    Analysis of diseased cured-tobaccosThe adaptation of tobaccos to climate and soils tends to be volatile upon tobacco species.Therefore,a rational distribution of tobacco species would avoid large-scale risks undertaken by tobaccos.For example,K No.326,grown in the year,is tolerant to water and fertilizer,growing better in fields compared with Yunyan No.87.In general,the disease in high-mountainous regions was much more serious in Middle-mountainous regions and low mountains,because temperature in is lower.In foggy regions,the disease was much severer because the regions have heavier rains and sunshine was poorer,affecting photosynthesis.Additionally,the disease in flatlands was much more serious compared with slopes,because tobacco fields in slopes promote water flow,and the moisture content was lower.

    Table 1Meteorological factors from transplanting to resettling stages in tobaccos in middle-mountainous regions in Enshi Prefecture in 2014

    Under influence of poor management technology,traditional extensive cultivation still dominates in some tobacco regions,so that tobaccos grow well in sunny days,but problems would occur in heavy weather.At first, tobacco fields are extensive and soils are not well crushed,so that root can not completely touch with soils,affecting rooting.Secondly,tobacco seedlings are not strong enough.In few places,sowing term is too later, and the cultivated seedlings are too poor at transplanting.Thirdly,water content in ridges is too high,and the hole walls are too smooth at transplanting,so that rains can not infiltrate to ridges timely.Consequently, seedlings would immerge in water for a long term,resulting in root decomposition.Fourthly,tobacco seedlings are transplanted too early in some places.For example,the seedlings would be harmed before May 5 in High-mountainous regions due to lower temperature.Finally,if additional fertilizers can not be applied timely,tobacco plants can not absorb nutrients on time,preventing seedling growth.

    Measures for Preventing Disasters

    Ditch cleaning and subsurface drainage

    It is necessary to organize digging and cleaning work of drainage ditches, increase soil permeability,reduce moisture content of soil,and advance root growth.

    To take specific measures for disaster prevention and relief

    At first,it is important to take measures to promote root growth in tobacco fields where seedlings grow not so well to control the quantities of water and fertilizer,and additional biogas slurry(the rate with water at 1:1) should be applied at once.As for the areas without slurry,few potassium nitrate can be(≤150 hm2,and total N quantity was controlled at 14 kg)diluted with water at a ratio of 1:100 to be irrigated through dug holes in the location 10 cm away from roots.Secondly, it is necessary to take measures in arid tobacco fields to reduce loss caused by early blooming[10-11].Thirdly,Bordeaux mixture should be applied in the regions damaged by weather flecks. Fourthly,K fertilizers should be sprayed on leaves to adjust nutrients of tobacco leaves in later period.Fifthly,for tobaccos can not yellow,it is effective to effect a permanent cure on roots to reduce root absorption on water and nutrients.Besides,the method of preserving more branches for consumption is also available.Finally,it is necessary to guide tobacco curing work to enhance quality of cured tobaccos.

    Prevention of disease and insect damages

    Because of frequent rainfalls and low temperatures,root or stem diseases are hardly to be observed with abundant water in farmlands.With low temperature,few sunshine and incomplete development of tobacco organizations,tobacco leaves perform lower in tolerance to diseases.Once temperature grows,it is possible for tobaccos to be diseased by bacterial wilt,Alternaria alternate,and powdery mildew.Hence,it becomes crucial to intensify preventions in terms of drugs, especially for stems and roots dominated by bacterial wilt.

    Discussions

    Cured tobaccos are much sensitive to environments,and temperature, sunshine,and rainfalls are major meteorological factors affecting tobacco leaf growth[12-13].From transplanting to resettling stages,tobacco fields in Enshi are characterized by low temperature,successive rainy days and little sunshine.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to preventions of damages caused by rainy days and low temperature.

    Furthermore,technology details need to be optimized.At first,in the context of wide application of shaft well-shaped transplanting,sowing term and transplanting period of tobaccos with different elevations should be further explored.Secondly,the manufacturing of seedling trays should take economical and practical aspects of holes into consideration to cultivate strong seedlings and save space as well.Thirdly,the necessity and importance of hardening-seedling should be underscored in order to improve tobacco tolerance.Fourthly,fertilizers should be applied with water content appropriate,followed by mulch covering.Fifthly,transplanting should be avoided too early in case of frozen stiff at low temperature.Finally,the time of mulch extension should be researched.In rainy days at low temperature,mulch extension after resettling or in early stage when tobaccos grow exuberantly would improve ground temperature and decrease the rains entering ridges,reducing moisture content of soil,which is conductive to root growth.

    [1]XIANG DE(向德恩),SHI P(時鵬),SHEN GM(申國明),et al.Effects of transplanting time on yield and quality of fluecured tobacco in Enshi(不同移栽期對恩施烤煙產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量的影響).[J].?Chinese Tobacco Science(中國煙草科學(xué)), 2011:32(增刊1).,57-62.

    [2]SHI P(時鵬),SHEN GM(申國明),XIANG DE(向德恩),et al.The relationship of climate factors with chemical components of tobacco leaves in tobacco fields in Enshi(恩施煙區(qū)主要?dú)夂蛞蜃优c烤煙煙葉化學(xué)成分的關(guān)系)[J].Chinese Tobacco Science(中國煙草科學(xué)), 2012:33(4).13-16.

    [3]LV F(呂芬),ZHOU P(周平),WANG LP (王麗萍).Analysis of climate conditions for high quality tobacco planting regions in Yunnan(云南優(yōu)質(zhì)煙區(qū)氣候條件分析).Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences(西南農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報)[J]. 2006:l9,178-181.

    [4]CHEN MJ(陳茂建),HE QJ(何其晶),LI CJ(李成杰),et al.Preliminary study on the relationship between tobacco chemical constituents and meteorological conditions on the growth stage in fields on the main tobacco-growing areas in Lijiang(麗江主產(chǎn)煙區(qū)大田期氣象條件與煙葉化學(xué)成分關(guān)系的初步研究) [J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報),2011,26 (s2):21-24,56.

    [5]WANG JW(王建偉),ZHANG YL(張艷玲),GUO WM(過偉民),et al.Influence of climatic conditions on contents of main chemical components in fluecured tobacco leaf(氣象條件對烤煙煙葉主要化學(xué)成分含量的影響).Tobacco Science&Technology(煙草科技)[J], 2011:(12)73-76,84.

    [6]XIAO Y(肖雅),LI ZF(李正風(fēng)),LU H(盧紅).Analysis of meteorological factors and chemical components of flue-curedtobacco in Yunnan and South Jiangxi, east Guangdong regions(云南煙區(qū)和贛南粵東煙區(qū)氣象條件與煙葉化學(xué)成分特點(diǎn)分析)[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences(西南農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報). 2012:25(6)2041-2045.

    [7]SHI P(時鵬),SHEN GM(申國明),XIANG DE(向德恩),et al.The relationship of climatic factors with chemical components of cured-tobacco leaves in tobacco fields in Enshi(恩施煙區(qū)主要?dú)夂蛞蜃优c烤煙煙葉化學(xué)成分的關(guān)系)[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science(中國煙草科學(xué)),2012:33(4).13-16.

    [8]YANG SP(楊淑萍).The relationship of meteorological factors with tobacco production in Xiayi County(夏邑縣氣象條件與煙葉生產(chǎn)的關(guān)系)[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology(現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技).2011:(23),318,320.

    [9]SUI C(隋策),CUI JP(崔金平),JIN CL(金春麗),Analysis on effects of meteorological disasters on tobacco yields in Liuhe County(氣象災(zāi)害對柳河縣煙草產(chǎn)量的影響分析)[J].Jilin Agriculture(吉林農(nóng)業(yè)),2011:(l2),172.

    [10]WANG YT(王彥亭),XIE JP(謝劍平), LIU ZH(劉志宏).Zoning of China Tobacco(中國煙草區(qū)劃)[M].Beijing:Science Press(北京:科學(xué)出版社)2010: 60-73.

    [11]LIU DQ(劉登乾),MAO HX(毛華賢). Theory and technology of cured tobaccos growth in mountains(山地烤煙生長理論與技術(shù))[M].Beijing:China Agricultural S&T Press(北京:中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)與出版社),2009:18-54.

    [12]ZHAO XY(趙秀英),WANG CQ(王超球).LING L(凌莉).Effects of long-term low temperature on tobacco growth in Jingxi County(長期低溫天氣對靖西縣烤煙生長的影響分析)[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences(河北農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)).2008:12(12)22-23.

    [13]LIU GS(劉國順).Tobacco Cultivation (煙草栽培學(xué))[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press(北京:中國農(nóng)業(yè)出版社), 2003.

    Responsible editor:Xiaoxue WANG

    Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

    2014年恩施烤煙生長發(fā)育期病害影響原因分析

    望勝玲1*,丁才夫2,張英1,望晶晶1
    (1.恩施自治州氣象局,湖北恩施445000;2.湖北煙草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000)

    該文利用詳實的氣象資料,從影響烤煙生長的溫、光、水等主要?dú)庀笠刂?,對恩施州二高山、高山烤煙生長發(fā)育期出現(xiàn)的病害原因進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析。結(jié)果表明,影響烤煙生長發(fā)育的主要是因低溫、連陰雨、寡照,蒸發(fā)少等氣象災(zāi)害造成的,其災(zāi)害程度高山區(qū)比二高山、低山嚴(yán)重,多霧區(qū)比少霧區(qū)嚴(yán)重,坪地比坡地嚴(yán)重。同時,針對這種氣象條件提出了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對措施,為今后的烤煙生產(chǎn)提供了理論依據(jù)。

    烤煙生長;影響原因;病害aoguan Village,Xuan’en County,with elevations of 1 640 and 943 m,and Nanping Village,Lichuan City,with an elevation of 1 130 m.

    2013年度湖北省氣象局科技發(fā)展基金立項項目(2013Y06)。

    望勝玲(1958-),男,湖北宜昌人,高級工程師,主要從事專業(yè)氣象預(yù)報方法研究等工作,E-mail:510977532@qq.com;510977532@qq. com。*通訊作者。

    2015-04-30

    修回日期 2015-06-01

    Supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Hubei Weather Bureau (Grant No.2013Y06).

    *Corresponding author.E-mail:May 16,2015

    Received:April 3,2015 Accepted:June 1,2015

    猜你喜歡
    中國煙草煙區(qū)氣象條件
    《中國煙草學(xué)報》入編《中文核心期刊要目總覽》2023年版
    "中國煙草科教網(wǎng)"平臺簡介
    基于氣象條件的船舶引航風(fēng)險等級
    中國航海(2019年2期)2019-07-24 08:26:52
    基于完全壟斷體制下的中國煙草企業(yè)倫理管理淺析
    氣象條件對某新型蒸發(fā)冷卻空調(diào)的影響
    南陽煙區(qū)濃香型特色烤煙品種的篩選
    中國煙草博物館
    貴煙2號在黔西南煙區(qū)的適應(yīng)性
    作物研究(2014年6期)2014-03-01 03:39:03
    2013年十三師農(nóng)業(yè)氣象條件分析
    2012—2013年一四三團(tuán)冬小麥農(nóng)業(yè)氣象條件分析
    黑人猛操日本美女一级片| 咕卡用的链子| 国产精品一区www在线观看| 韩国高清视频一区二区三区| 十八禁高潮呻吟视频| 久久婷婷青草| 中文字幕制服av| 高清欧美精品videossex| 亚洲天堂av无毛| 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放| 另类精品久久| 午夜激情av网站| 91在线精品国自产拍蜜月| 男人爽女人下面视频在线观看| 亚洲国产av影院在线观看| 亚洲激情五月婷婷啪啪| 免费高清在线观看日韩| 亚洲久久久国产精品| 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 免费在线观看黄色视频的| 久久久精品94久久精品| 欧美精品亚洲一区二区| 亚洲丝袜综合中文字幕| 伊人亚洲综合成人网| 日日撸夜夜添| 精品国产国语对白av| 国产日韩欧美视频二区| 亚洲精品一二三| 高清黄色对白视频在线免费看| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 国产精品女同一区二区软件| 午夜激情av网站| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 你懂的网址亚洲精品在线观看| 美女主播在线视频| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6| 国产黄色视频一区二区在线观看| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕 | 一区二区三区精品91| 2018国产大陆天天弄谢| 美女福利国产在线| 国产爽快片一区二区三区| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 天天躁夜夜躁狠狠久久av| 成人国语在线视频| 美女福利国产在线| 日日啪夜夜爽| 美女脱内裤让男人舔精品视频| 欧美人与性动交α欧美精品济南到 | 久久精品国产a三级三级三级| 久久久欧美国产精品| 天堂中文最新版在线下载| 久久这里只有精品19| 欧美性感艳星| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 在线精品无人区一区二区三| 两性夫妻黄色片 | 男女午夜视频在线观看 | 亚洲四区av| 乱人伦中国视频| 亚洲精品美女久久av网站| 国产精品偷伦视频观看了| 精品一区在线观看国产| a 毛片基地| 国产日韩欧美在线精品| 99视频精品全部免费 在线| 少妇人妻 视频| 国产av国产精品国产| 亚洲成人一二三区av| 国产成人午夜福利电影在线观看| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 制服人妻中文乱码| 婷婷成人精品国产| 黄色一级大片看看| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 国产成人av激情在线播放| 亚洲精品第二区| 午夜免费观看性视频| 国产成人精品无人区| 亚洲国产av影院在线观看| 色视频在线一区二区三区| 久久精品夜色国产| 色5月婷婷丁香| 亚洲av国产av综合av卡| 亚洲情色 制服丝袜| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 亚洲在久久综合| 久久99蜜桃精品久久| 在线观看国产h片| 国产精品99久久99久久久不卡 | 久久久久久久大尺度免费视频| 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 欧美日韩视频精品一区| 午夜福利视频精品| 在线观看人妻少妇| 肉色欧美久久久久久久蜜桃| 18禁裸乳无遮挡动漫免费视频| 9191精品国产免费久久| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 免费女性裸体啪啪无遮挡网站| 国产黄色免费在线视频| 久久精品久久精品一区二区三区| 视频区图区小说| 久久久久视频综合| 人人妻人人添人人爽欧美一区卜| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 欧美成人精品欧美一级黄| 男人添女人高潮全过程视频| 免费大片黄手机在线观看| 国产永久视频网站| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| 欧美bdsm另类| 国产精品三级大全| 亚洲,一卡二卡三卡| 日本黄色日本黄色录像| 亚洲欧美中文字幕日韩二区| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 国产高清三级在线| 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 中国美白少妇内射xxxbb| 欧美最新免费一区二区三区| 伊人亚洲综合成人网| 国产 一区精品| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 国产1区2区3区精品| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| 男女午夜视频在线观看 | 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区黑人 | av在线app专区| 国产精品国产三级国产专区5o| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 男女午夜视频在线观看 | 多毛熟女@视频| 中文字幕av电影在线播放| 侵犯人妻中文字幕一二三四区| 中文字幕亚洲精品专区| 国产 精品1| 天天躁夜夜躁狠狠久久av| 最近最新中文字幕大全免费视频 | 日韩视频在线欧美| 欧美日韩一区二区视频在线观看视频在线| 成人国语在线视频| 久久久久人妻精品一区果冻| 99九九在线精品视频| 欧美人与性动交α欧美软件 | 制服诱惑二区| 中文精品一卡2卡3卡4更新| 精品久久蜜臀av无| 国产极品粉嫩免费观看在线| 九色亚洲精品在线播放| av又黄又爽大尺度在线免费看| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 亚洲国产精品一区三区| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 51国产日韩欧美| 伦理电影免费视频| 国产精品三级大全| 免费黄色在线免费观看| 国产精品人妻久久久久久| 国产免费福利视频在线观看| 91国产中文字幕| 中国国产av一级| 国产 精品1| 日韩制服丝袜自拍偷拍| 男女无遮挡免费网站观看| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 丰满乱子伦码专区| 国产亚洲精品久久久com| 日韩制服丝袜自拍偷拍| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 色婷婷av一区二区三区视频| 伊人亚洲综合成人网| 少妇精品久久久久久久| 蜜桃在线观看..| 男女无遮挡免费网站观看| 日韩欧美一区视频在线观看| 欧美老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 97超碰精品成人国产| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜爱| 咕卡用的链子| tube8黄色片| 女性生殖器流出的白浆| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级| 亚洲精品日本国产第一区| 考比视频在线观看| 一区二区三区精品91| 国产精品欧美亚洲77777| 在现免费观看毛片| 国产精品久久久久久久久免| 国产xxxxx性猛交| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| av又黄又爽大尺度在线免费看| av电影中文网址| 日韩制服丝袜自拍偷拍| 成年人免费黄色播放视频| 国产精品无大码| 国产av国产精品国产| 国产成人精品一,二区| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| 啦啦啦中文免费视频观看日本| 新久久久久国产一级毛片| 91午夜精品亚洲一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美日韩卡通动漫| 美女中出高潮动态图| 国产精品成人在线| 欧美精品av麻豆av| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| www日本在线高清视频| 两性夫妻黄色片 | 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 国产精品偷伦视频观看了| 亚洲成av片中文字幕在线观看 | 久久久国产一区二区| 日本av手机在线免费观看| 美女国产高潮福利片在线看| 亚洲国产欧美日韩在线播放| 又黄又爽又刺激的免费视频.| 少妇高潮的动态图| 国产精品无大码| 中文字幕最新亚洲高清| 少妇 在线观看| 18+在线观看网站| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 婷婷色综合www| 日韩成人伦理影院| 亚洲综合色网址| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 老司机影院毛片| 免费av中文字幕在线| 中文字幕亚洲精品专区| 欧美精品一区二区大全| 国产免费一区二区三区四区乱码| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 我的女老师完整版在线观看| 免费黄色在线免费观看| 中文字幕另类日韩欧美亚洲嫩草| 人人妻人人添人人爽欧美一区卜| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 99热国产这里只有精品6| 国产片特级美女逼逼视频| 亚洲在久久综合| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 91午夜精品亚洲一区二区三区| 大片免费播放器 马上看| 午夜免费观看性视频| 亚洲国产av新网站| 韩国高清视频一区二区三区| 中文天堂在线官网| 中文字幕精品免费在线观看视频 | 丝袜美足系列| 精品人妻熟女毛片av久久网站| 国产一区亚洲一区在线观看| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 成人黄色视频免费在线看| 2021少妇久久久久久久久久久| 十八禁网站网址无遮挡| 久久久久人妻精品一区果冻| 日韩视频在线欧美| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 一二三四在线观看免费中文在 | 人人妻人人添人人爽欧美一区卜| 少妇被粗大的猛进出69影院 | 一级毛片电影观看| 91在线精品国自产拍蜜月| 亚洲,一卡二卡三卡| 精品人妻偷拍中文字幕| 日韩成人av中文字幕在线观看| 亚洲伊人色综图| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 久久久国产一区二区| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花| 久久久久久伊人网av| 欧美人与性动交α欧美软件 | 欧美日韩精品成人综合77777| 国产免费视频播放在线视频| 日韩视频在线欧美| 国产 一区精品| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 久久av网站| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 高清av免费在线| 久久精品夜色国产| 久久久国产精品麻豆| 高清av免费在线| 黄色 视频免费看| 国产成人精品久久久久久| 丰满迷人的少妇在线观看| 亚洲美女搞黄在线观看| 国产福利在线免费观看视频| 免费大片18禁| 国产色婷婷99| 超色免费av| 免费观看无遮挡的男女| 女人被躁到高潮嗷嗷叫费观| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费| 五月玫瑰六月丁香| 啦啦啦啦在线视频资源| 亚洲国产精品一区三区| 99热全是精品| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| 久久久精品94久久精品| 狂野欧美激情性bbbbbb| 赤兔流量卡办理| 制服诱惑二区| 久久人人爽av亚洲精品天堂| 国产亚洲一区二区精品| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 18禁裸乳无遮挡动漫免费视频| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 99久久综合免费| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频| 我的女老师完整版在线观看| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 亚洲国产av影院在线观看| 飞空精品影院首页| 免费观看a级毛片全部| 韩国av在线不卡| 在线看a的网站| 久久 成人 亚洲| 亚洲,欧美精品.| 九色成人免费人妻av| 一个人免费看片子| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 久久久久久人妻| 18在线观看网站| 97人妻天天添夜夜摸| 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 午夜91福利影院| 亚洲中文av在线| 久久人人爽av亚洲精品天堂| 人妻一区二区av| 精品久久国产蜜桃| 日韩电影二区| 色哟哟·www| 97在线人人人人妻| 国产精品无大码| 国产乱来视频区| 男女边摸边吃奶| 老司机亚洲免费影院| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花| 国产1区2区3区精品| 免费看光身美女| 制服人妻中文乱码| 亚洲国产精品999| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx在线观看| h视频一区二区三区| 各种免费的搞黄视频| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区蜜桃 | 国产乱来视频区| 男女边摸边吃奶| 午夜激情av网站| 国产女主播在线喷水免费视频网站| 黑人欧美特级aaaaaa片| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 久久国产亚洲av麻豆专区| 丝袜美足系列| 成年av动漫网址| 日韩熟女老妇一区二区性免费视频| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 免费日韩欧美在线观看| 久久鲁丝午夜福利片| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91| 99久国产av精品国产电影| 18+在线观看网站| 成人国产av品久久久| 综合色丁香网| 亚洲av在线观看美女高潮| 国产成人精品无人区| 校园人妻丝袜中文字幕| 天天影视国产精品| 国产极品粉嫩免费观看在线| 老熟女久久久| 成人国产av品久久久| 老司机亚洲免费影院| 肉色欧美久久久久久久蜜桃| www日本在线高清视频| 大话2 男鬼变身卡| 午夜激情av网站| 母亲3免费完整高清在线观看 | 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| freevideosex欧美| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 看非洲黑人一级黄片| 亚洲精品国产av蜜桃| 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 国产在线一区二区三区精| 国产一区二区在线观看av| 久久精品国产鲁丝片午夜精品| 精品一区二区免费观看| 丁香六月天网| 一级片'在线观看视频| 久久狼人影院| 中文精品一卡2卡3卡4更新| 精品国产一区二区三区四区第35| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级| 久久亚洲国产成人精品v| 欧美另类一区| 伦精品一区二区三区| 天美传媒精品一区二区| 免费大片黄手机在线观看| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 亚洲中文av在线| 亚洲 欧美一区二区三区| 捣出白浆h1v1| 精品卡一卡二卡四卡免费| av有码第一页| 精品国产国语对白av| 国产有黄有色有爽视频| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 久久国产精品大桥未久av| 午夜免费鲁丝| 女性生殖器流出的白浆| 春色校园在线视频观看| 中文天堂在线官网| 在线观看www视频免费| 成人手机av| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 乱人伦中国视频| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 午夜视频国产福利| 亚洲情色 制服丝袜| 久久鲁丝午夜福利片| 嫩草影院入口| 久久99一区二区三区| 少妇 在线观看| 亚洲美女黄色视频免费看| 999精品在线视频| 成人国产麻豆网| 国产亚洲精品第一综合不卡 | 尾随美女入室| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 人体艺术视频欧美日本| 久久久久网色| 丝袜人妻中文字幕| 超碰97精品在线观看| 又大又黄又爽视频免费| 丁香六月天网| 丰满乱子伦码专区| 久久久久国产网址| 欧美日韩国产mv在线观看视频| 制服丝袜香蕉在线| 97精品久久久久久久久久精品| 在线观看免费日韩欧美大片| 精品99又大又爽又粗少妇毛片| 亚洲av男天堂| 精品视频人人做人人爽| 在线观看国产h片| 岛国毛片在线播放| 2021少妇久久久久久久久久久| 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 日韩精品有码人妻一区| 免费少妇av软件| 亚洲精品国产色婷婷电影| 久久久久久久久久成人| 亚洲国产最新在线播放| 国产永久视频网站| 欧美成人精品欧美一级黄| av片东京热男人的天堂| 免费人成在线观看视频色| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 性高湖久久久久久久久免费观看| 交换朋友夫妻互换小说| 成人无遮挡网站| 岛国毛片在线播放| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 日韩av在线免费看完整版不卡| 婷婷色av中文字幕| 七月丁香在线播放| 久久毛片免费看一区二区三区| 国产精品女同一区二区软件| 老司机影院毛片| 美女国产高潮福利片在线看| 国产一区二区三区av在线| 国产爽快片一区二区三区| 大码成人一级视频| 人妻一区二区av| 好男人视频免费观看在线| 边亲边吃奶的免费视频| 黄色 视频免费看| 色吧在线观看| 97超碰精品成人国产| 美女福利国产在线| 永久免费av网站大全| 免费看av在线观看网站| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 久久这里有精品视频免费| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 久久人妻熟女aⅴ| 日韩一区二区三区影片| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 天天影视国产精品| 综合色丁香网| 精品熟女少妇av免费看| 性色av一级| 亚洲综合色惰| 国产成人午夜福利电影在线观看| av卡一久久| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费| 韩国高清视频一区二区三区| 国产成人免费观看mmmm| 精品视频人人做人人爽| 啦啦啦中文免费视频观看日本| 狠狠婷婷综合久久久久久88av| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| 日韩精品有码人妻一区| 亚洲丝袜综合中文字幕| 高清不卡的av网站| 永久免费av网站大全| 国产成人欧美| 欧美精品国产亚洲| 亚洲精品美女久久久久99蜜臀 | 亚洲国产日韩一区二区| 老司机影院成人| 国产 一区精品| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久| 成人漫画全彩无遮挡| 久久女婷五月综合色啪小说| 熟女人妻精品中文字幕| 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 日韩精品免费视频一区二区三区 | 午夜视频国产福利| 毛片一级片免费看久久久久| 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 免费黄网站久久成人精品| 国产激情久久老熟女| 不卡视频在线观看欧美| 我要看黄色一级片免费的| av在线观看视频网站免费| 精品亚洲乱码少妇综合久久| 97在线视频观看| 国产成人精品福利久久| a 毛片基地| 视频区图区小说| 成人午夜精彩视频在线观看| 亚洲成人手机| 亚洲精品久久久久久婷婷小说| 十八禁高潮呻吟视频| 中国国产av一级| 国产精品久久久久久久电影| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 亚洲,欧美精品.| 我要看黄色一级片免费的| 欧美精品一区二区免费开放| av黄色大香蕉| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 午夜福利在线观看免费完整高清在| 免费看av在线观看网站| 777米奇影视久久| 精品人妻熟女毛片av久久网站| 色婷婷久久久亚洲欧美| 免费在线观看黄色视频的| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 国产免费一区二区三区四区乱码| 国产极品天堂在线| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 黄片播放在线免费| 高清黄色对白视频在线免费看| 纯流量卡能插随身wifi吗| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级| 久久国产精品大桥未久av| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 亚洲精品乱久久久久久| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美中文字幕日韩二区| 精品国产一区二区久久| 18+在线观看网站| 午夜福利影视在线免费观看| av播播在线观看一区| 国产色婷婷99| 91精品伊人久久大香线蕉| 亚洲av中文av极速乱| 午夜福利视频在线观看免费| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6| 男的添女的下面高潮视频| 乱人伦中国视频| 久久人人爽av亚洲精品天堂| 国产福利在线免费观看视频| 欧美成人午夜免费资源| 青春草亚洲视频在线观看| 中文字幕另类日韩欧美亚洲嫩草| 国产精品久久久久久久久免| 国产精品三级大全| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| 成人二区视频| 在线观看三级黄色| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 国产 精品1| 一区在线观看完整版| 精品亚洲成国产av| 国产片内射在线| 国产一区二区激情短视频 | www.熟女人妻精品国产 | 亚洲欧美日韩卡通动漫| 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 国产成人精品一,二区| 久久热在线av|