Effects of Nutrient Synergist on the Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn

Kangfei XIAO,Lei DU,Lihong ZHANG,Lixia YE,Mihong GE

Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430345,China

Effects of Nutrient Synergist on the Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn

Kangfei XIAO,Lei DU,Lihong ZHANG,Lixia YE,Mihong GE*

Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430345,China

[Objective]The effect of nutrition synergist was evaluated.[Method]The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nutrient synergist on the yield and quality of sweet corn as tested material.[Result]The result showed that during jointing stage,CropbiolifeTM nutrient synergist could increase the content of chlorophyll and total nitrogen in the leaves of sweet corn by 8.45%and 4.22%,respectively;Compared with control,at harvest time the contents of VCsoluble protein, crude protein in sweet corn fruits were raised by 15.68%,8.45%,and 4.22%,respectively,and yield of sweet corn also increased by 12.89%.[Conclusion]The nutrient synergist can improve the corn yield and quality.

Nutrient synergist;Sweet corn;Yield;Quality

N utrient synergists are special lixivia of water-soluble polymer,containing humic acid, natural surfactant and natural enzyme. The researches are few on nutrient synergist in China[1-2]and unavailable on its application in agriculture.In contrast,most focus on the use of fertilizer additives in improving fertilizer use rate[3-6].It is researched that nutrient synergist would effectively reduce the waste of fertilizer and effects of excessive fertilization on environment, improving crop’s absorption on nutrients.Kang et al.[7]explored that the application of nutrient synergist during seedling stage of tomato would significantly improve seedling quality,intensify root activity,enhance chlorophyll content,increase contents of Vc and soluble sugar,and reduce organic acid and nitrate.

CropbiolifeTMis a nutrient synergist applied in agriculture,developed by Australian Environmental Protection S&T Co.,Ltd and University of Michigan.It has been used in crops, such as tomato,pear,strawberry, grape,wheat,and soybean and the results show that it would advance crop’s absorption on nutrients,reduce disease or insect damages,increase yield and improve quality.Nevertheless,the research is unavailable in China on the application in China. Therefore,it is necessary to conduct further measurements on its effectiveness in order to promote effective production of agriculture.The research analyzed the effects of CropbiolifeTMon yield and quality of sweet corn in Wuhan,providing references for evaluation of the effects and practical application in China.

Materials and Methods

Test materials

Shizhen,a variety of sweet corn, was used in the test,provided by Wuhan Vegetable Research Institute; CropbiolifeTMwas provided by Australian Environmental Protection S&T Co.,Ltd;organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer(45%)and water-soluble fertilizer(20-10-20)and hyperkalemic water-soluble fertilizer(17-9-34)were provided by Wuhan Hope-field Technology Development Co.,Ltd.

Test soils

The test was carried out in northern park of Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhu Agricultural Ecological Park,Huangpi District, Wuhan City and the previous crop was

Cultivation and management

In soil preparation,base fertilizers should be applied,including organic fertilizer at 4 500 kg and 45%compound fertilizer at 30 kg.Then, seedlings were cultivation by Wuhan Weierfu Biological Technology Co., Ltd.,on July 21,2013 and planted on August 7,with a spacing of 1 m and 15 cm,as row to row and plant to plant distance.It is notable that 52 500 seedlings were transplanted per hectare.Furthermore,seedlings should be supplied on time if accidents occur,such as broken seedlings or seedling shortage.In the whole growth term,seedlings should be well irrigated and fertilized,including twice weeding. Additionally,water-soluble fertilizers (20-10-20)wre applied in holes at 300 kg/hm2and hyperkalemic watersoluble fertilizer(17-9-34)was applied at 450 kg/hm2.Sweet corn was harvested in middle November.

Test design

The test included two treatments. Specifically,in treatment 1(T1),CropbiolifeTM was sprayed in combination with water(258 ml:100 L)and water was sprayed in treatment 2(T2).Every treatment area was 667 m2,without repetition.Subsequently,corns were irrigated once in 6th-7thleaf stage as per CropbiolifeTM use method.

Measurement method and data analysis

Functional leaves were cut in jointing stage to measure the contents of total N,total P and chlorophyll and the number of aphids on corn were measured based on 30 chosen plants. In harvesting period,30 corns were selected to measure the quality of corn, involving crude protein,crude fat,soluble sugar,soluble protein,lysine,and Vc,and sweetness was evaluated, accordingly.Simultaneously,100 corns were selected randomly to compared commercial characters and yields of corns to measure the number of leaf,the length of ear,the number of ear,fresh weight of hundred kernels, and yield.The nutrient and physiological and biochemical indices were measured as per Physiology Biochemistry Experiment Theory and Technology of Plant[8]and data were processed by Excel.

Results and Analysis

Effects of nutrient synergists on nutrient accumulation of corn leaf

In jointing stage,total N,total P and chlorophyll were explored and the number of aphid on corn was measured.As shown in Table 1,indices in T1 performed generally higher compared with T2,of which total N and chlorophyll increased by 6.99%and 7.19%respectively.These indicated that total N,total P and chlorophyll contents of corn leaf would be increased by CropbiolifeTM which actually promotes corn absorption on P and N.Xin et al.[9]analyzed the relationship between fertilizer and aphid propagation,which suggested that the effects of N fertilizers on changes of free amino acid and soluble sugar and effects on propagation of aphid.The research proved that the number of aphid per plant increased by 30 by applying Cropbiolife TM compared with T2.

Effects of nutrient synergist on quality of sweet corn

Some sweet corns were harvested on November 12thto measure quality index.As shown in Table 2,with taste the same,quality indices of sweet corn in T1 were generally higher compared with T2,of which Vc content dominated,reaching 15.68%,followed by soluble protein and crude protein, increasing by 8.45%and 4.22%. These suggested that CropbiolifeTM would enhance the contents of Vc, soluble protein,and crude protein of sweet corn,improving sweet corn quality.Besides,sweet corn in the treatments with CropbiolifeTMand water showed little differences in soluble water,which coincides with the same sweetness of sweet corn.

Effects of nutrient synergist on agronomic characters and yield

It can be concluded from Table 3 that in T1,the number of leaf,the length of ear,and the number of ear per row,fresh and dry weights of hundred-kernel were all higher compared with T2.Specifically,fresh weight of hundred kernel and the number of leaf grew significantly by 7.77%and 4.60%;the weight of fresh maize in T1 was higher compared with T2,increasing by 12.89%.These indicated that CropbiolifeTMenhanced the number of leaf,fresh weight of hundredkernel and the weight of maize.Based on the apparent characters of maize inT1 and T2,kernels of T1 were well arranged and kernels grew fully.It can be concluded that the yields of sweet corn applied with CropbiolifeTMreached 23 037 kg/hm2and 20 407.5 kg/hm2in control group.Hence,it is obvious that CropbiolifeTM improves commercial characters of sweet corn and increases yield.

Table 1The content of nutrient and aphid damages of corn leaf in different treatments

Table 2Effects of treatments on sweet corn quality

Table 3Comparisons of agronomic characters and yield of sweet corn in harvesting period in different treatments

Conclusions

Currently,it is believed that nutrient synergists are a kind of nutrition additive excluding living microorganisms,reinforcing use rate and healthcare of nutrients and enhancing functions of the nutrient components in living body[2].

The research explored the effects of CropbiolifeTMon yield and quality of sweet corn and it is concluded that CropbiolifeTMincreases chlorophyll, total N and total P contents in leaves of sweet corn,which promotes nitrogen absorption on sweet corns,and decomposition and transformation of N fertilizers.Meanwhile,it improves quality of sweet corn,and increases contents of soluble protein and crude protein,so that commercial value of maize is growing accordingly.It is notable that the application of CropbiolifeTMactually increases the number of aphid as yield and quality of maize grow,which requires further exploration.

[1]ZHANG F(張芳),PENG H(彭輝),ZHU YL(朱友良).Application of x-tend in biochemical treatment of paper-making wastewater(營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑在造紙廢水生物處理中的應(yīng)用)[J].Industrial Water& Wastewater(工業(yè)用水與廢水),2012,43 (4):27-29

[2]ZHENQ(振清).Development and healthcare function of nutrient synergists(營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑的開(kāi)發(fā)和保健功能)[J].Sino-overseas Light Industry of Science and Technology(中外輕工科技),2000,3: 29.

[3]YAN X(閆湘),JIN JY(金繼運(yùn)),HE P(何萍),et al.The advancement of research on improving fertilizer use rate(提高肥料利用率技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展)[J].Scientia A-gricultura Sinica(中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)),2008, 41(2):450-459

[4]YAN SD(閆雙堆),LIU LJ(劉利軍).Effect of humic acid-urea complex on urea transformation and nitrogen release(腐殖酸-尿素絡(luò)合物對(duì)尿素轉(zhuǎn)化及氮素釋放的影響)[J].Chinese Journal of Ecoagriculture(中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào)),2008, 16(1):109-112.

[5]HE WM(何威明),BAo WK(保萬(wàn)魁), WANG X(王旭).Research progress of nitrogen fertilizer synergist and the assessment on effects(氮肥增效劑及其效果評(píng)價(jià)的研究進(jìn)展)[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences(中國(guó)土壤與肥料),2011, (3):1-7

[6]JIA SL(賈樹(shù)龍).Effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergist and the application technologies(氮肥增效劑的作用與應(yīng)用技術(shù))[J].Hebei Agricultural Sciences(河北農(nóng)業(yè)科技),1998,(3):25.

[7]KANG ZL(康宗利),LIU YJ(劉延吉), YANG YH(楊玉紅).The effects of synergists and humic acid fertilizers on tomato yield and quality(增效劑和腐植酸肥料對(duì)番茄產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的效應(yīng))[J]. Northern Horticulture(北方園藝),2006, 2:4-6.

[8]LI HS(李合生),SUN Q(孫群),ZHAO SJ (趙世杰),et al.The theory and technology of physiology biochemistry experiment of plant(植物生理生化實(shí)驗(yàn)原理和技術(shù))[J].Beijing:Higher Education Press(北京:高等教育出版社),2000.

[9]XIN M(辛苗),DU XG(杜相革),ZHU XQ (朱曉清).Effects of nitrogen at different quantities on aphid growth of cucumber (不同氮水平對(duì)黃瓜蚜蟲(chóng)生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的影響)[J].Journal of Plant Protection(植物保護(hù)學(xué)報(bào)),2010,5:408-412.

Responsible editor:Xiaoxue WANG

Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑對(duì)甜玉米產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)的影響

肖康飛，杜雷，張利紅，葉莉霞，葛米紅*
（武漢市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究所，湖北武漢430345）

［目的］評(píng)價(jià)CropbiolifeTM營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑的作用效果。［方法］該試驗(yàn)以甜玉米為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象，研究CropbiolifeTM營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑對(duì)甜玉米產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響。［結(jié)果］噴施CropbiolifeTM后明顯提高了拔節(jié)期甜玉米葉片中總氮和葉綠素的含量，較對(duì)照分別增加6.99%和7.19%；收獲期甜玉米果實(shí)中VC、可溶性蛋白、粗蛋白較對(duì)照分別提高了15.68%，8.45%和4.22%。［結(jié)論］該營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑可提高玉米產(chǎn)量，并改善品質(zhì)。

營(yíng)養(yǎng)增效劑；甜玉米；產(chǎn)量；品質(zhì)cauliflower.The test soils were moisture soils,containing organic matter of 9.98 g/kg,total N of 1.31 g/kg,available P(P2O5)of 35.3 mg/kg,and available K(K2O)of 147 g/kg,with pH(1∶1 H2O)of 7.3.

肖康飛（1974-），男，湖北武漢人，農(nóng)藝師，從事農(nóng)業(yè)新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與推廣工作。*通訊作者，農(nóng)藝師，碩士，從事農(nóng)業(yè)固體廢棄物與微生物資源綜合利用研究，E-mail：gmh917@126.com。

2015-04-03

修回日期 2015-05-14

*Corresponding author.E-mail:gmh917@126.com

Received:April 3,2015 Accepted:May 14,2015