報(bào)紙?jiān)诿绹?guó)仍占主導(dǎo)地位

Everywhere you turn， there are stories about the rapid ascent of the Internet as Americans information medium of choice. The trend line is clearly pointing in that direction， but according to a new national survey， traditional media are far from being outmoded or irrelevant.

The survey， by the independent Pew Centers Project for Excellence in Journalism and the newspaper-supported Knight Foundation， broke down local information into 16 topic areas and asked people where they learn about each of them.

Turns out， Americans have developed what the Pew Centers director， Tom Rosenstiel， calls a complex ecosystem in which people rely on different platforms for different topics.

More than 80 percent of respondents， for instance， said they still turn to local TV first for breaking news. And 89 percent go there， not to the Web， to get the latest weather information.

And newspapers are a long way from being dead as a go-to information source. Newspapers and newspaper websites ranked first or tied for first as the resource Americans rely on in 11 of the 16 key categories—including crime， taxes， and the arts.

Even the oldest communication form of all—word of mouth—ranked second to local TV as respondents preferred source of information about their communities.

At the same time， according to the Pew and Knight report， “Nearly half of adults occasionally now get local information on mobile devices， though it is still largely a supplemental platform for them.”

The survey of 2，251 American adults is one of the first of nationwide scope that clearly shows the growing complexity of the media landscape， and the willingness—even eagerness—with which consumers are relying on both old and new formats to get their information.

無(wú)論你走到哪里，都能聽(tīng)到有關(guān)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瞬時(shí)成為美國(guó)人媒體信息選擇的故事。發(fā)展趨勢(shì)自然是朝著這個(gè)方向的，然而，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的國(guó)民調(diào)查，傳統(tǒng)媒體還遠(yuǎn)未過(guò)時(shí)或遠(yuǎn)離人們。

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是由獨(dú)立機(jī)構(gòu)美國(guó)皮尤研究中心卓越新聞?dòng)?jì)劃和由報(bào)刊業(yè)支持的騎士基金會(huì)發(fā)起的，他們將當(dāng)?shù)匦侣劮譃?6個(gè)領(lǐng)域，向人們?cè)儐?wèn)他們從何處得知這些信息。

據(jù)皮尤中心主任Tom Rosenstiel的說(shuō)法，在美國(guó)，已形成一個(gè)復(fù)雜的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，人們依賴(lài)不同的平臺(tái)來(lái)獲取不同信息。

比如，至少80%的被訪問(wèn)者說(shuō)，他們?nèi)园央娨曌鳛榱私猱?dāng)?shù)匦侣劦氖滓侄危?9%的人通過(guò)電視了解最新的氣象信息，而不是通過(guò)上網(wǎng)。

報(bào)紙還遠(yuǎn)未消失，仍是一大信息來(lái)源。在16類(lèi)信息中，有11種信息是主要通過(guò)報(bào)紙和報(bào)紙網(wǎng)站獲得的，包括犯罪、稅收和藝術(shù)。

即使是最古老的信息傳播方式——口口相傳，也僅次于當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_(tái)，是被訪問(wèn)者最喜歡的了解社區(qū)信息的途徑。

同時(shí)，根據(jù)皮尤和騎士的報(bào)告：“將近一半的成年人不時(shí)地通過(guò)移動(dòng)設(shè)備掌握當(dāng)?shù)匦畔?，但這在很大程度上仍是一種輔助的平臺(tái)?！?/p>

這次調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)2251名美國(guó)人，是首次全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的調(diào)查，調(diào)查清楚表明了美國(guó)日益復(fù)雜的媒體現(xiàn)狀，并且消費(fèi)者也非常喜歡同時(shí)使用老式和新式的信息渠道。