摘要:目的觀察兩種不同消毒液對新生兒臍部護(hù)理結(jié)果的影響,為臨床護(hù)理工作提供參考。方法將我可科2013年1月~6月收住的360例新生兒,隨機(jī)分為對照組和觀察組,對照組采用75%酒精進(jìn)行臍部護(hù)理,觀察組采用3%雙氧水進(jìn)行臍部護(hù)理。觀察并比較兩組新生兒臍帶脫落的時(shí)間和臍部愈合時(shí)間。結(jié)果觀察組臍痂脫落時(shí)間(5.32±1.20)d,對照組臍痂脫落時(shí)間(8.6±1.33)d;觀察組創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間(9.23±1.35)d,對照組創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間(12.30±1.50)d。觀察組在臍帶殘端脫落的時(shí)間和臍部愈合時(shí)上均明顯早于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論采用3%雙氧水進(jìn)行新生兒臍部護(hù)理,可以促進(jìn)臍部脫落和臍部創(chuàng)面的愈合,值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞:新生兒;3%雙氧水;75%酒精;臍部護(hù)理
Comparison of Two Kinds of Disinfectant Used in Neonatal Umbilical Care
ZHUANG Kun-ying,LIAN Wen-fang,ZHUO Cui-fang
(NICU,The children's Hospital of Quanzhou City Fujian Province,Quanzhou 362000,F(xiàn)ujian,China)
Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of two different disinfectant on neonatal umbilical nursing results, to provide the reference for clinical nursing work. Methods360 cases of neonatal 2013.01~2013.06 I can be admitted, were randomly divided into control group and observation group, the control group using 75% alcohol for umbilical nursing, the observation group with 3% hydrogen peroxide for umbilical nursing. Observing and comparing the two groups in the shedding of the umbilical cord and umbilical healing time time. ResultsThe observation group umbilical scab off time (5.32 ± 1.20) days, the control group of umbilical stump shedding time (8.6 ± 1.33) days; the observation group wound healing time (9.23 ± 1.35) days, the control group, wound healing time (12.30 ± 1.50) days. The observation group in the umbilical cord stump off time and umbilical healing significantly earlier than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). ConclusionUsing 3% hydrogen peroxide for neonatal umbilical care, can promote the healing of umbilical cord falls off and umbilical wound, is worthy of clinical application.
Key words: Newborn;3% neonates;Hydrogen peroxide; 75% alcohol; Umbilical nursing
新生兒生后即斷臍,但此時(shí)臍部仍是一個(gè)開放性創(chuàng)面,是病原微生物入侵的特殊門戶,如處理不當(dāng),輕者可致局部感染和出血,嚴(yán)重者可導(dǎo)致新生兒敗血癥的發(fā)生而危及新生兒的生命[1],故新生兒斷臍后的護(hù)理原則是保持臍部的清潔干燥,避免臍部感染。消毒劑常選用對新生兒皮膚無刺激的3%雙氧水、75%酒精、碘伏等?,F(xiàn)將我科在2013年1月~6月收住的360例新生兒的護(hù)理效果進(jìn)行比較,匯報(bào)如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1一般資料 選擇我院2013年1月~6月收住院的新生兒360例,隨機(jī)分為兩組,即觀察組與對照組各180例,其中觀察組中男89例,女91例,年齡20min~3d;對照組中男93例,女87例,年齡18min~3d。兩組新生兒的年齡,性別差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 方法對初生嬰兒斷臍后,觀察組在常規(guī)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)上予3%雙氧水消毒臍部,2次/d,直至臍部殘端脫落。對照組在常規(guī)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)上予75%酒精消毒臍部,2次/d,直至臍部殘端脫落。
1.3 觀察項(xiàng)目觀察并記錄兩組新生兒的臍部脫落及創(chuàng)面愈合的時(shí)間。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法所有數(shù)據(jù)均經(jīng)χ2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
1.5結(jié)果兩組新生兒采用不同的消毒劑后,觀察組臍部臍痂脫落,創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間較對照組明顯縮短(見表1)。
3討論
新生兒由于各方面生理機(jī)能發(fā)育尚不成熟,機(jī)體防御功能不全,缺乏抵抗病原微生物定植的能力,是醫(yī)院感染的易感人群。新生兒膠部殘端是病原微生物入侵的主要通道。如護(hù)理不當(dāng),較易發(fā)生局部感染,延遲臍帶殘端的脫落時(shí)間,易導(dǎo)致敗血癥。正常情況下,新生兒臍帶殘端一般于1w左右脫落,2w左右完全愈合[2],因此加強(qiáng)新生兒臍部護(hù)理是促進(jìn)臍部愈合,預(yù)防感染的重要措施。
75%酒精具有殺菌作用,但也容易揮發(fā),3%雙氧水是種氧化性消毒劑,在過氧化氫酶的作用下課迅速分解,并釋放新生氧,通過干擾厭氧菌酶系統(tǒng)而發(fā)揮殺菌和抑菌作用。局部涂抹雙氧水后可產(chǎn)生氣泡,有利于清除血痂,壞死組織等,并對臍帶滲血有一定的止血作用,并可促進(jìn)臍窩周圍干燥。本研結(jié)果表明,采用3%雙氧水進(jìn)行新生兒臍部護(hù)理,可以明顯縮短臍部臍痂脫落,創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間(P<0.05)值得推廣。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]Campbell DA.Lake MF.Falk M.et al.A randomized contol trial of conrtinuous support in labor by a lay doula doula[J]. Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs,2006,35(4):456-461.
[2]周蓉,劉銳.新生兒臍部護(hù)理方法的臨床分析[J]. 中國醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報(bào),2009,9(6):89.
編輯/王敏