青年軍訓(xùn)不僅為“訓(xùn)”

In 2011， the World Health Organization pointed out that， one-third of the world premature deaths and nearly two-thirds of the diseases of adults in the world were related to the conditions or behaviors that appeared in their teenage， including lack of physical exercises. Actually， on the one hand military training has significance of tempering willpower of the youths； but on the other hand， what other meanings should military training， which tries to make young people more healthy and more \"strong\" have？

2011年，世界衛(wèi)生組織指出，全球近2/3的過(guò)早死亡和成人疾病總負(fù)擔(dān)的1/3，與青少年時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的情況或行為有關(guān)，其中即包括缺少身體鍛煉。事實(shí)上，一方面軍訓(xùn)在磨礪青年意志、強(qiáng)健其體魄過(guò)程中有其必要性；但另一方面，力圖使青年更健康更“強(qiáng)”的軍訓(xùn)還應(yīng)有哪些題中之義？

Balance between individual and the collective

小我大我的平衡

Military training carried out by these countries were most frequently questioned by the public that the youths’ \"education of obedience\" went against \"individual freedom\". Today， as anti-war voices are heard around the world， the doubts have got more fierce. Militarism is criticized by people.

So， does the \"martial\" education of hardship fit the characteristics of youths？ Could the obedience and reverence of authority lead to observation of rules and regulations？ Doctor of Sinology， Chen Xiangyong argued，\" If we go out of school to see the reality， we will find that many students do have individual characteristics， but they are not able to get along with others or find their positions in a collective. Even those thoughts of freedom， which are regarded as the modern values， have their limits. If the country are to cultivate people who are good at both literature and military affairs， or at least youths who are not weak， it should make military training a serious and necessary project.\"

各國(guó)開(kāi)展的軍訓(xùn)，被公眾質(zhì)疑最多的是青年人的“服從教育”與“個(gè)性自由”相悖，在全球反戰(zhàn)，軍國(guó)主義為世人所詬病的今天更加如是。

那么，“尚武”的吃苦教育是否符合青年特性？對(duì)權(quán)威的服從和敬畏是否導(dǎo)致循規(guī)蹈矩？中國(guó)國(guó)學(xué)博士諶祥勇對(duì)此表示，“我們離開(kāi)書(shū)齋，去看看現(xiàn)實(shí)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多學(xué)生不是沒(méi)有個(gè)性，而是沒(méi)有能力更好地與他人相處，不能在一個(gè)集體中找到自己的位置。就算是那些作為現(xiàn)代價(jià)值的自由思想，也懂得自己的限度。如果國(guó)家著眼于培養(yǎng)文武兼?zhèn)涞娜耍蛘咧辽俨蛔屇贻p人孱弱無(wú)力，那么軍訓(xùn)就一定是一件嚴(yán)肅且必要的項(xiàng)目?！?/p>

In contrast， schools of South Korea organize and take students to specialized training places with wide variety of activities every semester， in addition to strengthening students' physical fitness and tempering their willpower， high emphases are usually placed on cultivating the mutual assistance， mutual love and strengthening the consciousness of collective and patriotism. Data show that the the history of Korean military training which opens to the youths in summer and winter vacations is more than 11 years， with the total number of students over one million.

相比之下，韓國(guó)學(xué)校在每學(xué)期都會(huì)組織學(xué)生到專(zhuān)門(mén)訓(xùn)練場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行各式各樣的活動(dòng)，除了增強(qiáng)學(xué)生體質(zhì)，培養(yǎng)他們不怕吃苦的精神外，一般都會(huì)側(cè)重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生之間的互助、互愛(ài)，增進(jìn)集體觀念和愛(ài)國(guó)情操。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，韓國(guó)寒暑假面向青少年學(xué)生舉辦的軍事訓(xùn)練營(yíng)至今已有11年歷史，參加學(xué)生總數(shù)已超過(guò)1萬(wàn)人。

Citizenship education

should be long-term

公民教育的長(zhǎng)期性

It is for certain that， times are changing， military training also follows the trend and makes adjustments. As part of education， besides teaching the youths how to march， arousing their interest in the army and filling them with affection for the country， military training should have other meanings， and only by reconsidering them could we be more objective in thinking about its future development.

當(dāng)然，時(shí)代在變化，軍訓(xùn)也在順應(yīng)潮流進(jìn)行調(diào)整。作為教育的一部分，軍訓(xùn)在讓青年把正步踢好、對(duì)軍隊(duì)產(chǎn)生興趣、對(duì)國(guó)家充滿(mǎn)熱愛(ài)的同時(shí)，重新審視其意義所在，才能更客觀看待其未來(lái)發(fā)展。

Doctor of Law and History， Jia Qingzi stressed in his article that \"as modern citizens， we need to learn first that under no circumstances should we cause unnecessary troubles for others and the society.\" He pointed out that it was necessary to be prepared for danger in times of safety， but instead of being high-profile and making all the people armed， or teaching average people rifle shooting with the reality of firearm control and difficult access， learning how to deal with the potential dangers of everyday life， such as arranging a study or manoeuvre of disaster relief and self-rescue according to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather disasters， or arranging a study or manoeuvre of necessary self-defense and emergency evacuation on account of the frequent incidents of violence and terrorism could be more useful. They should all belong to citizenship education. \"This is the contribution that is expected and achievable.\"

Well goes an old saying， \"If the funkiness overwhelms the ornaments， it becomes rude. If the ornaments overwhelm funkiness， it becomes impractical. Only by keeping good balance could we be good persons.\" Perhaps only when the formalism of military training is abandoned could it be of positive energy and truly effective.

法史博士嘉慶子在其署名文章中強(qiáng)調(diào)，“作為一個(gè)現(xiàn)代公民，首先要學(xué)會(huì)在任何情況下，盡量不給他人和社會(huì)制造不必要的麻煩。”他指出，居安思危是必要的，但與其唱全民皆兵的高調(diào)，在現(xiàn)實(shí)槍支管控下接觸普通人難以接觸的步槍射擊，不如學(xué)習(xí)如何應(yīng)對(duì)日常生活中可能出現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)，如鑒于極端氣象災(zāi)害的高發(fā)，安排救災(zāi)與自救的學(xué)習(xí)和演練，或針對(duì)暴力恐怖事件的頻發(fā)，安排必要的防身與緊急疏散的學(xué)習(xí)和演練等，都應(yīng)屬于公民教育的范疇，“這才是符合期待并可以作出的貢獻(xiàn)”。

古語(yǔ)言，“文勝質(zhì)則史，質(zhì)勝文則野，文質(zhì)彬彬然后君子?！被蛟S只有真正摒棄了形式上的虛無(wú)，軍訓(xùn)才能充滿(mǎn)正能量，發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有價(jià)值。