In the early spring of Beijing, the weather turned cold again after suddenly getting warm. In Beijing International Vocational Education School where there was a sign of early spring, every tree and bush conceived vitality. Just as the saying goes: “We see the world in a flower and a bodhi in a leaf.” Ecological skills training and youth training program rooted in Beijing International Vocational Education School were like those flowers and trees ready to bloom and give out fragrance.
北京的早春二月,乍暖還寒。在春色才露尖尖角的北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校里,一草一木無(wú)不孕育著勃勃生機(jī)。正所謂一花一世界,一葉一菩提。恰如這些花草樹(shù)木一般,植根于北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校的生態(tài)技能和青年培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目正蓄勢(shì)待發(fā),欲吐芬芳。
領(lǐng)先生態(tài)技能與青年培訓(xùn)的楷模
On February, 25, 2014, with the spring breeze blowing in Beijing, the haze clocking Beijing was cleared away and the grey and cloudy sky turned into clear blue. Oyebanji Oyeyinka, the Director of the Monitoring and Research Division at UN-HABITAT and Director of UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee, Jiang Mingjun, Director-General of IESCO and Executive Director of UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee and Anantha Krishnan, Senior advisor to UN Youth Empowerment and Urban Ecology Committee and other delegates visited Beijing International Vocational School and had a talk with the teachers and students.
2014年2月25日,陣陣春風(fēng)吹拂下的北京一掃連日以來(lái)的霧霾,灰蒙陰沉的天空再現(xiàn)久違的湛藍(lán)如洗。聯(lián)合國(guó)人居署全球監(jiān)測(cè)中心主任、聯(lián)合國(guó)青年賦權(quán)與城市生態(tài)委員會(huì)主任歐拉讓·班吉,國(guó)際生態(tài)安全合作組織總干事、聯(lián)合國(guó)青年賦權(quán)與城市生態(tài)委員會(huì)執(zhí)行主任蔣明君,聯(lián)合國(guó)青年賦權(quán)與城市生態(tài)委員會(huì)高級(jí)顧問(wèn)阿納塔·克里什楠率代表團(tuán)一行實(shí)地考察了北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校,并與該校師生進(jìn)行了坐談。
Ideas go first
理念先行
Beijing International Vocational Education School is located in Dongcheng District of Beijing. Combined by the original Beijing School of Finance and Economics and Vocational Education School of Dongcheng District, Beijing International Vocational Education School is a national key vocational school. The reason why Beijing International Vocational Education School can stand out to be the first school to set up Sino-foreign cooperative education programs start courses of English HND and have the qualification to recruit foreign students is closely related to the educational philosophy of focusing on ecological safety and environmental safety education and promoting youth employment training.
北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校位于北京市東城區(qū),由原北京市財(cái)經(jīng)學(xué)校和東城區(qū)職業(yè)教育學(xué)校合并而成,為國(guó)家重點(diǎn)職業(yè)學(xué)校。在中國(guó)眾多職業(yè)學(xué)校中,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校能脫穎而出、獨(dú)占鰲頭,并成為北京市第一所開(kāi)辦中外合作辦學(xué)項(xiàng)目、開(kāi)設(shè)英文HND課程、具備招收外國(guó)學(xué)生資質(zhì)的中等職業(yè)學(xué)校,這與其注重生態(tài)安全、環(huán)境安全教育,促進(jìn)青年就業(yè)培訓(xùn)的辦學(xué)理念密不可分。
According to the introduction of Principal Qian Weidong, Beijing International Vocational Education School holds the idea that every student should master a living skill and every youth should have a wonderful life. Youth is the hope of the world. Good living environment is the guarantee of the survival of human beings. While leading youth in study and employment and teaching them in ecological skills and employment, the teachers also guide them to be responsible for ecology and environment, hold awe and respect towards nature, pursue interdependence between human and nature as well as mutual growth and prosperity of humans and nature and teach them the skills of maintaining ecological safety and protecting environment. These are the common missions and responsibilities of all teachers of Beijing International Vocational Education School. “As a national reform and development model school in vocational education, we hope to build it into a platform for young people from all over the world to learn skills and exchange technology, a fertile soil for young people to have employment preparation and social service and a paradise for teachers and students to have mutual development.”
據(jù)錢(qián)衛(wèi)東校長(zhǎng)介紹,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校一貫秉承讓每個(gè)學(xué)生都掌握一種生存技能、讓每個(gè)青年都實(shí)現(xiàn)人生精彩的理念。青年人是世界的希望,但良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境才是人類賴以生存的保證。如今,在引領(lǐng)青年人學(xué)習(xí)和就業(yè),在教授青年人生態(tài)技能和就業(yè)的同時(shí),引導(dǎo)他們對(duì)生態(tài)負(fù)責(zé)、對(duì)環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé),敬畏與尊重自然環(huán)境,追求人與自然的相互依存、相互促進(jìn)與和諧共榮,教給他們?nèi)绾尉S護(hù)生態(tài)安全,保護(hù)環(huán)境的技能,已然成為北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校每一個(gè)為人師者的共同使命與責(zé)任?!白鳛閲?guó)家重點(diǎn)中等職業(yè)教育改革發(fā)展示范學(xué)校,我們希望通過(guò)不懈的努力將學(xué)校建設(shè)成為各國(guó)青年相互學(xué)習(xí)技能、相互交流技術(shù)的平臺(tái),成為青年人進(jìn)行就業(yè)準(zhǔn)備、社會(huì)服務(wù)的沃土,成為師生們共同發(fā)展的樂(lè)園?!?/p>
Excellent facilities, faculty and students
軟硬件并行
Beijing International Vocational Education School’s headquarters is in Beijing’s central urban area, close to Tiananmen Square. Its branch campuses are in Beijing Railway Station, Drum-tower, Hepingli and Andingmen areas. Walking in the campuses, you can see all kinds of modern education facilities with beautiful natural environment and profound cultural deposits. Although the campuses are not very spacious, they have their own styles and are convenient for people. The green plants, teaching buildings, training rooms, stairs, canteens and gyms all manifest the generosity and the feeling of human kindness. For example, the students’ canteen is not very big, but it is very warm and sweet. No matter in corners or conspicuous places, Beijing International Vocational Education School reveals natural and humane exquisite pictures. The reporter was impressed by the hardware of the school as well as the students’ high and youthful spirits who talked with UN officers in fluent English. It is these advantages of software and hardware that ensure the high teaching quality of the school and students’ wide career prospects.
北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)??偛刻幱诒本┲行某菂^(qū)、緊鄰天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng),分部延伸至北京站校區(qū)、鼓樓校區(qū)、和平里校區(qū)和安定門(mén)校區(qū),這一布局堪稱教育界的大手筆。走進(jìn)各大校區(qū),各類現(xiàn)代化教育設(shè)施應(yīng)有盡有,優(yōu)美迷人的自然環(huán)境縈繞四周,深厚濃重的文化底蘊(yùn)撲面而來(lái)。雖然這里的空間堪稱寸土寸金,但無(wú)論是路旁綠植,還是教學(xué)樓,實(shí)訓(xùn)室,樓梯間,食堂,體育館,學(xué)校仍不忘細(xì)節(jié)處彰顯大氣與人情味。例如,這里的學(xué)生食堂,空間雖不算大,卻溫馨如家。無(wú)論在角落里,還是在顯眼處,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校展示出來(lái)的皆是一幅幅或自然、或人文的精美畫(huà)卷。令記者欽佩的不僅僅是學(xué)校的硬件,還有這里的師生用流利的英文與聯(lián)合國(guó)官員交談時(shí)所展現(xiàn)出來(lái)的那份神采飛揚(yáng),以及學(xué)生們求知若渴的那份朝氣蓬勃。正是這些軟硬件優(yōu)勢(shì),成就了該校優(yōu)質(zhì)的教學(xué)質(zhì)量,也鋪就了學(xué)生們廣闊的就業(yè)前景。
President Qian Weidong said: in recent three years, the country put in more than 40 million yuan, which improved the conditions of the school to a great extent. They built many modern training bases for different purposes, such as training base for finance, costume, tourism and international business in order to provide the most advanced equipment for youths in high-tech training. Now, the school has 5 specialty groups and 17 sections. Among those majors, computer networking technology section is a demonstrating model in Beijing; the finance section is one of the backbones; tourism service and management, clothing display and protocol and international business sections are famous in Beijing. Besides, the school has in-depth cooperation with many foreign schools, introduces high quality courses, teaching materials and evaluation criteria, employs many foreign teachers and opens a direct passage to many international professional certificates.
“Our 15 sections are aimed at technical training for youth education. Our school receives about 7,000 youths for technical training with degree or non-degree education every year. Their employment rate reaches above 98%. It makes great contributions to youth employment and sustainable development.
錢(qián)衛(wèi)東校長(zhǎng)介紹說(shuō),近三年來(lái),國(guó)家累計(jì)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入達(dá)四千多萬(wàn)元,極大地改善了學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件。新建了很多現(xiàn)代化的實(shí)訓(xùn)基地,如金融實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、服裝實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、旅游實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、國(guó)際商務(wù)實(shí)訓(xùn)基地等,為青年在學(xué)校進(jìn)行技術(shù)培訓(xùn)提供了最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)設(shè)備。發(fā)展至今,學(xué)校已擁有五大專業(yè)群,十七個(gè)專業(yè)。其中,計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)專業(yè)是北京市示范專業(yè),金融事務(wù)專業(yè)是北京市骨干特色專業(yè),旅游服務(wù)與管理、服裝展示與禮儀、國(guó)際商務(wù)(中外合辦)等專業(yè)已成為全市知名品牌,引領(lǐng)示范作用凸顯。此外,學(xué)校還與多所國(guó)外院校建立深度合作,引入優(yōu)質(zhì)課程、教材與評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并常年聘用多名外籍教師,開(kāi)啟了中等職業(yè)教育與國(guó)際通用高等職業(yè)資格證書(shū)有效銜接的直通車。
“我們開(kāi)辦有15個(gè)專業(yè)針對(duì)青年教育技術(shù)培訓(xùn),學(xué)校每年接受學(xué)歷教育技術(shù)培訓(xùn)的和非學(xué)歷教育技術(shù)培訓(xùn)的青年近7000人,青年的就業(yè)率達(dá)到了98%以上,為解決青年就業(yè)、實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。
Find the crux
找準(zhǔn)癥結(jié)
In President Qian Weidong’s view, in order to solve the youth employment effectively and realize sustainable development, we must study carefully the types of youth unemployment and the causes, and then solve the problems, so as to realize youth empowerment and urban ecological safety.
在錢(qián)衛(wèi)東校長(zhǎng)看來(lái),要想真正有效解決青年就業(yè),實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,還必須認(rèn)真研究青年失業(yè)的種類及其產(chǎn)生的原因,并加以應(yīng)對(duì)和解決,這樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)青年賦權(quán)和城市生態(tài)安全。
Through President Qian Weidong and other faculty’s research and analysis, they find that there are five main kinds of causes of youth unemployment. First, structural unemployment caused by the inconsistence between the economic structure and labor structure. The primary cause is that the design of education and training programs lacks predictability, which just meets the needs of youth employment temporarily. In face of industry upgrading, economic structure adjustment and new technology, they can’t apply their skills to work, which eventually leads to youth’s structural unemployment. Second, the frictional unemployment caused by the normal flow of workforce and new workforce. The fundamental reason for frictional unemployment is the lack of information. Third, technological unemployment caused by the old fashioned mode, training skills and hardware facilities of education and training. When students graduate, they become unemployed. Fourth, conceptual unemployment caused by single design of education and training, which focuses on the current technical training and lacks the comprehensive quality education. Fifth, regional unemployment caused by the asymmetry in geographical distribution between workers and posts due to the lack of systematic communication between regional educational trainings.
通過(guò)錢(qián)衛(wèi)東校長(zhǎng)等教職人員的調(diào)研與認(rèn)真分析發(fā)現(xiàn),造成青年失業(yè)的原因主要有五大類。第一,經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)與勞動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu)不一致所引起的結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè)。根本原因是教育培訓(xùn)的項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)還缺乏可預(yù)見(jiàn)性,僅僅滿足青年一時(shí)就業(yè)的需求,當(dāng)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)換代、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、新技術(shù)應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)等因素發(fā)生時(shí),學(xué)到的技能不適應(yīng)工作而失業(yè),最終形成了部分青年的結(jié)構(gòu)性技能失業(yè)。第二,由于勞動(dòng)力正常流動(dòng)及新加入勞動(dòng)力尋找工作而引起的摩擦性失業(yè),造成摩擦性失業(yè)的根本原因是信息不暢。第三,教育培訓(xùn)方式陳舊、培訓(xùn)人員技能落伍、培訓(xùn)硬件設(shè)施落后形成青年技術(shù)性失業(yè),學(xué)生畢業(yè)即失業(yè)。第四,教育培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)單一,僅僅著重眼前技能性培訓(xùn),缺乏對(duì)青年綜合素質(zhì)教育,形成青年觀念性失業(yè)。第五,區(qū)域教育培訓(xùn)之間缺乏系統(tǒng)的溝通,形成了勞動(dòng)者地域分布與崗位地域分布不對(duì)稱而造成地域性失業(yè)。
Find correct ways to solve problems
對(duì)癥下藥
Altering the methods of education and the status quo of employment training has become the aspiration of every staff in Beijing International Vocational Education School. Qian Weidong told the reporter that the previous methods adopted by the school show that future youth education and training could be improved as follows:
改變青年人的教育方式和就業(yè)培訓(xùn)的現(xiàn)狀,已然成為北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校每一位教職員工的心愿。錢(qián)衛(wèi)東告訴記者,總結(jié)學(xué)校之前的一些教育方法,今后的青年教育培訓(xùn)工作可以從以下五個(gè)方面努力:
First, the programs of education and skill training should be visionary and have regional characteristics. Thus, in order to adapt to the regional economic development of Beijing and Dongcheng District, Beijing International Vocational Education School has adjusted the professional orientation and focuses on the construction of computing and network technology section focusing on information service, tourism and management section focusing on modern service, clothing display and etiquette section focusing on creative culture industry, and international business section focusing on business service. Relevant specialty groups have been initially developed and a professional structure that is suitable for the economic structure of Beijing and Dongcheng District in next 20 years has formed, which highlights the cluster competitive advantage of the development of specialties and improves youths’ competitive strength in future employment market.
第一,教育技術(shù)培訓(xùn)開(kāi)展的項(xiàng)目應(yīng)具備鮮明的前瞻性和區(qū)域性。為此,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校調(diào)整了專業(yè)辦學(xué)方向,重點(diǎn)建設(shè)了適應(yīng)北京市和東城區(qū)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的以信息服務(wù)類為主的計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)專業(yè),以現(xiàn)代服務(wù)類為主的旅游與管理專業(yè),以文化創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的服裝展示與禮儀專業(yè)以商務(wù)服務(wù)為主的國(guó)際商務(wù)專業(yè),并在此基礎(chǔ)上初步形成相關(guān)專業(yè)集群,形成了與北京市及東城區(qū)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)未來(lái)二十年相適應(yīng)的專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),形成專業(yè)發(fā)展的集群優(yōu)勢(shì),提高了青年人在未來(lái)市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
Second, the school should pay close attention to the employment information in the process of economic development in China and Beijing, and recommend youths who have completed the skill training programs in Beijing International Vocational Education School, so that frictional unemployment caused by the lack of information can be avoided. Beijing International Vocational Education School holds demand-and-supply meetings for graduates and employers every year. It also holds various large activities and receives visiting groups from all over China and the world to promote the brand of the school.
第二,學(xué)校應(yīng)高度關(guān)注中國(guó)及北京經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的各種用工信息,及時(shí)推薦在北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校經(jīng)過(guò)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)的青年,防止因信息不暢而出現(xiàn)青年摩擦性失業(yè)。北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校每年都舉辦用人單位與畢業(yè)生的供需見(jiàn)面會(huì)。舉辦各種大型活動(dòng),擴(kuò)大學(xué)校知名度。接待來(lái)自世界和全國(guó)各地的參觀訪問(wèn)團(tuán)體。
Third, the whole society should attach importance to the construction of vocational schools. With the support and help from the governments, Beijing International Vocational Education School has established the most advanced modern cooking training base, landscape training base, computer network training base, and preschool education training base. Professionals are hired to be mentors. It also regulates that professional teachers must have two months of practice or internship every year to know new skills and new techniques. A practice orientated curriculum reform has been conducted in cooperation with society. In curriculum design, many relevant selective courses have been set up. In recent years, Beijing International Vocational Education School has also made use of the advanced teaching resources to provide skill training and education to disabled youths in need of special care, which allows them to learn advanced skill and start careers they prefer the same as healthy youths.
第三,全社會(huì)都應(yīng)重視職業(yè)學(xué)校的建設(shè)。在政府的大力支持與幫助下,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校建設(shè)了目前最先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代化烹飪實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、園林實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)訓(xùn)基地和學(xué)前教育實(shí)訓(xùn)基地,聘請(qǐng)專業(yè)人員任教,規(guī)定專業(yè)教師必須每年有兩個(gè)月實(shí)踐實(shí)習(xí)時(shí)間,以便及時(shí)了解新技術(shù)、新工藝。與社會(huì)合作共同開(kāi)展以實(shí)踐為導(dǎo)向的課程改革,在課程設(shè)計(jì)上,開(kāi)設(shè)多種相近、相關(guān)專業(yè)選修課程。近年來(lái),北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校還利用學(xué)校先進(jìn)的教育資源,免費(fèi)為殘障青年們開(kāi)展技術(shù)教育培訓(xùn),使他們可以向身體健全的青年一樣,掌握先進(jìn)的技術(shù)技能,從事他們喜歡的職業(yè)。
Fourth, the long-term and stable employment of youths should be the major reflection of their comprehensive qualities. Beijing International Vocational Education School trains youths well to get jobs, and requires them to maintain their jobs with comprehensive professional qualities, respond to possible changes of jobs with extensive professional foundation, and create jobs independently with the qualities of entrepreneurship when socioeconomic structure changes drastically.
第四,青年實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的就業(yè)應(yīng)是其綜合素質(zhì)的集中體現(xiàn)。北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校要求培養(yǎng)出的青年人應(yīng)憑借嫻熟的職業(yè)技能贏得崗位,憑借綜合的職業(yè)素養(yǎng)保住崗位,憑借寬泛的職業(yè)基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的崗位轉(zhuǎn)變,憑借良好創(chuàng)業(yè)的素質(zhì)在社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生重大變化時(shí)能獨(dú)自創(chuàng)立崗位。
Fifth, we should enhance the radiation function of education and training resources and establish regional cooperation under the guidance of the government to realize complementary advantages. Therefore, Beijing International Vocational Education School has cooperated with Xiajin and Fanxian County of Shandon Province, and Nanyang of Henan Province to utilize the resources of the school to train the local youths and equip them with a particular proficiency, which enables them to get stable jobs in Beijing.
第五,加大教育培訓(xùn)資源的輻射作用,在政府主導(dǎo)下開(kāi)展區(qū)域合作,實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)。為此,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校先后與山東的夏津、范縣,河南的南陽(yáng)等地開(kāi)展合作,利用學(xué)校教育資源培養(yǎng)當(dāng)?shù)厍嗄?,使他們掌握適應(yīng)北京發(fā)展的一技之長(zhǎng),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)其在北京的穩(wěn)定就業(yè)。
In view of the consistent efforts made by Beijing International Vocational Education School in aspects of international communication, ecological skills training and youth employment promotion, International Ecological Safety Collaborative Organization will make further efforts together with the school to promote ecological safety, environmental protection education and technological training and employment for the youth.
For future development, Principal Qian Weidong pointed out that they want to strengthen the cooperation with IESCO focusing on the followings: 1. To bring ecological safety, environmental safety and sustainable development into the contents of youth skill education; 2. To enhance international understanding education and transcultural education, establish greater employment outlook and carry out international exchanges and collaboration; 3. To improve education on entrepreneurship and help youth raise entrepreneurship awareness, advance related skills and enrich business knowledge; 4. To intensify training for modern information technology and help youth become high-quality workers who can master various technologies on the platform of internet information technology.
Among the secondary vocational schools home and abroad, Beijing International Vocational Education School grasps the initiative to combine ecological safety, youth training and school development in one with a broad and long-term view, which is indeed a model in leading ecological skills and youth employment.
鑒于北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校在開(kāi)展國(guó)際交流、生態(tài)技能培訓(xùn)、促進(jìn)青年就業(yè)方面所做出的不懈努力,國(guó)際生態(tài)安全合作組織與北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校將進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)生態(tài)安全、環(huán)境保護(hù)教育,促進(jìn)青年技術(shù)培訓(xùn)與就業(yè)。
對(duì)于未來(lái)的發(fā)展,錢(qián)衛(wèi)東校長(zhǎng)還指出,希望加強(qiáng)與國(guó)際生態(tài)安全合作組織的合作,并更加關(guān)注以下幾個(gè)方面的工作:1、將生態(tài)安全、環(huán)境安全、可持續(xù)發(fā)展納入青年技術(shù)教育內(nèi)容;2、增加國(guó)際理解教育和跨文化教育,樹(shù)立大就業(yè)觀,開(kāi)展國(guó)際間的交流與合作;3、加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)業(yè)教育內(nèi)容,增強(qiáng)青年創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí),提高創(chuàng)業(yè)技能,豐富創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)。4、加大現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)培訓(xùn),培養(yǎng)青年在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息技術(shù)平臺(tái)上,能靈活運(yùn)用各種技術(shù)的高素質(zhì)勞動(dòng)者。
在中國(guó)乃至世界的諸多中等職業(yè)學(xué)校中,北京國(guó)際職業(yè)教育學(xué)校能夠把握先機(jī),高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚地將生態(tài)安全和青年培訓(xùn)與學(xué)校發(fā)展融為一體,著實(shí)是領(lǐng)先生態(tài)技能和青年就業(yè)的楷模。