Module 6 Old and New

高考詞匯

date vi. 始于（某一歷史時(shí)期）

remove vt. 遷移；搬遷

generate vt. 發(fā)（電）

crash vi. （飛機(jī)）失事；墜毀

engineering n. （土木）工程

construction n. 建造；建設(shè)；建筑

poem n. 詩；詩歌

dam n. 壩；堤；水閘

canal n. 運(yùn)河

narrow adj. 狹窄的

global adj. 全球的

freezing adj. 冷冰冰的；極冷的

civil adj. 民用的；國內(nèi)的

enormous adj. 巨大的；龐大的

ridiculous adj. 荒唐的；可笑的

foggy adj. 有濃霧的

常用短語

date from 起源于

hold back 阻止

come true （夢想等）變成現(xiàn)實(shí)

make sense 有意義；有道理

bring an end to 結(jié)束；終止

dream of 向往；夢想

work out 解決；解答；計(jì)算出

拓展詞匯

accommodate vt. 容納（乘客等）

harness vt. 利用；將（自然力）變成動(dòng)力

submerge vt. 浸入水中；淹沒

structure n. 建筑物；結(jié)構(gòu)

relic n. （常作復(fù)數(shù)）（歷史的）遺跡；遺物

site n. 場所；遺址

carving n. （尤指木頭、象牙等的）雕刻（品）

cliff n. 懸崖；峭壁

gorge n. 峽谷

watchtower n. 望臺(tái)

bulletin n. 小型報(bào)刊；短新聞；報(bào)告

reservoir n. 水庫

Buddhist n. 佛教徒

terminal n. （機(jī)場的）集散站；終點(diǎn)站；候機(jī)廳

observatory n. 觀察臺(tái)

historical adj. 歷史的；有關(guān)歷史的

hydro-electric adj. 水力發(fā)電的

過渡詞匯

dynasty n. 朝代

empire n. 帝國

trade n. 貿(mào)易；商業(yè)

temple n. 寺廟

Vietnamese n. 越南人

adj. 越南人的

grand adj. 壯麗的；宏偉的；堂皇的；重大的

essential adj. 必不可少的；絕對必要的

在Module 5的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的用法。

1. 非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語是對先行詞的附加說明，若省去也不影響主句的意思。它和主句之間用逗號(hào)隔開。非限制性定語從句不能用that引導(dǎo)。

The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world， which is more than 6，000 kilometres long.

Sun Yat-sen， who was the leader of 1911 Revolution， first suggested the idea in 1919.

而限制性定語從句是用來修飾和限制先行詞的，是復(fù)合句中不可缺少的組成部分。若將它去掉，先行詞的意思就不明確，主句也不完整了。He came from a family which was very poor.

2. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的省略

（1） 在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞賓語和表語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以省略。

（2） The dam （that） we saw in the film wasnt the Three Gorges Dam.

The students （whom） I met near the reservoir were from Vietnam.

（3） 在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞擔(dān)任介詞賓語而介詞沒放在關(guān)系詞前面時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以省略。

I met a man （who） my grandfather worked with thirty years ago.

I wanted to visit the house （that） my grandfather lived in.

詞匯短語園地

1. accommodate vt. 容納（乘客等）

The hotel can accommodate 500 tourists.

這家旅館可住五百名觀光客。

The cottage could accommodate up to five people.

這間小屋最多能容納五個(gè)人。

2. generate vt. 發(fā)（電）

A dynamo is used to generate electricity.

發(fā)電機(jī)用于發(fā)電。

造成；引起

Investment generates higher incomes.

投資帶來更高的收入。

This hatred was generated by racial prejudice.

這種仇恨是由種族偏見引起的。

3. freezing adj. 冷冰冰的；極冷的

Freezing winter is harmful to orange trees.

冰冷的冬天對桔樹有害。

I must put on a warm pullover because Im freezing.

我都凍壞了，必須穿件暖和的羊毛衫。

（1） freeze vt. ①使結(jié)冰；使凝固；使凍住

The cold weather froze the lake.

寒冷的天氣把湖凍住了。

②使凍僵（或凍傷，凍死）

He was frozen stiff after sitting so long.

他坐了好長時(shí)間，人都凍僵了。

③使呆??；使戰(zhàn)栗

She froze her noisy children with a single look.

她一瞪眼，吵鬧的孩子們馬上動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)。

④凍結(jié)（物價(jià)、工資、資產(chǎn)等）；凍結(jié)（存款）

His salary was frozen at 200 dollars per week.

他的薪水固定在每周二百美元的水平上。

（2） vi. ①結(jié)冰；凝固

When the thermometer is at 0 degree centigrade， water will freeze.

當(dāng)溫度計(jì)降至攝氏零度時(shí)，水便會(huì)結(jié)冰。

②（用it作主語）冰凍；嚴(yán)寒

It froze hard last night. 昨夜有嚴(yán)重冰凍。

③（因恐懼等）呆??；戰(zhàn)栗；變僵硬

She froze at the sound of a gun.

她一聽到槍聲就嚇呆了。

4. enormous adj. 巨大的；龐大的

enormous與huge基本同義，指在尺寸、數(shù)量或程度上“特別巨大”。

In this period， the cost will be enormous.

在這期間，損失將會(huì)很大。

Long ago enormous animals lived on the earth.

很久以前，地球上生活著巨大的動(dòng)物。

She stood alone on the enormous stage.

她孤零零地站在巨大的舞臺(tái)上。

5. remove vt. 遷移；移居

Our office has removed from Qingdao to Shanghai.

我們的辦公處已從青島遷到了上海。

拿走；移動(dòng)；脫掉；摘掉；除掉；排除；免職；解雇

Remove your hand from my shoulder.

把你的手從我的肩膀上拿開。

He removed his hat and gloves.

他摘掉了帽子和手套。

These reforms will not remove poverty and injustice.

這些改革消除不了貧窮和不公正。

The manager was removed from his post yesterday.

這位經(jīng)理昨天被免職了。

比較：move和remove的區(qū)別

兩者都可表示“移動(dòng)”，區(qū)別是move強(qiáng)調(diào)位置和姿態(tài)的改變，remove強(qiáng)調(diào)完全放棄原來的地方而到達(dá)新的位置，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于take away/off。表示“遷居時(shí)”，兩者均可用。

Please move your car； its blocking my way out.

請把你的車子移開一下，它擋住了我的去路。

He removed his desk to another office.

他把他的桌子搬到另一個(gè)辦公室了。

6. name...after/for... 以……而命名

Jim is named after his father.

吉姆是以他父親的名字起名的。

The island is named for its discoverer.

這座島嶼以其發(fā)現(xiàn)者的名字命名。

7. dream of 向往；夢想

I dream of having a lot of money.

我夢想著有一大筆錢。

She dreams of becoming famous one day.

她夢想有一天能夠出名。

dream后面也可接that從句。

He dreamed that he could go to Beijing University for further study.

他渴望能進(jìn)入北京大學(xué)深造。

8. crash vi.（飛機(jī)）失事；墜毀

Were going to crash， arent we？

我們要墜毀了，是不是？

A truck went out of control and crashed into a wall.

貨車失控撞上了墻。

9. work out 解決；解答；計(jì)算出

Have you worked out this problem yet？

你解決了這個(gè)問題了嗎？

Can you work out how much money it will need？

你能算出將需要多少錢嗎？

制定；擬定；想出；進(jìn)行情況良好

He worked out all the details of the plan.

他詳細(xì)擬定了這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。

Mary worked out a beautiful design for a sweater.

瑪麗給一件毛衣想出了一個(gè)漂亮的設(shè)計(jì)。

I hope the new project will work out.

我希望新計(jì)劃能順利完成。

10. date from 起源于

date from = date back to，后面都跟一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間，表示可以追溯到某個(gè)時(shí)間。

The history of public education in the United States dates from the society of the early pioneers.

美國的公共教育史起源于早期拓荒者的社會(huì)。

Our friendship dates from/back to our childhood.

我們的友誼可以追溯到我們的童年。

The Forbidden City can date back to/from the 14th century.

紫禁城可以追溯到14世紀(jì)。

11. hold back 阻止；克制（情感、情緒）；隱瞞；猶豫

No one can hold back the wheel of history.

誰也無法阻止歷史的車輪。

The police had to use force to hold back the crowd.

警察不得不用武力阻止人群。

She was unable to hold back her excitement.

她按捺不住激動(dòng)的心情

Tell me the truth—dont hold anything back！

告訴我真相，什么都別隱瞞！

He held back at the last moment， and lost an excellent opportunity.

他在最后片刻猶豫了，因而失去了一個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)。

12. come true（夢想等）變成現(xiàn)實(shí)

His dream will come true sooner or later.

他的理想遲早會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will come true. 我希望他成為鋼琴家的夢想可以成真。

His wish to be an actor has come true.

他想當(dāng)演員的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

比較：come true和realize的區(qū)別

come true表示“變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)”，由物作主語，不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)；realize作“實(shí)現(xiàn)”講時(shí)為及物動(dòng)詞，可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

His wish was realized finally.

他的愿望終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

Our hopes will come true/be realized.

我們的希望會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

13. make sense 有意義；有道理

The movie doesnt make any sense.

這個(gè)電影根本就是瞎編。

It makes sense to take care of your health.

注意身體健康是明智的。

make sense of 理解；懂得

Can you make sense of what this writer is saying？

你能理解這位作家說的話嗎？

14. bring an end to 結(jié)束；終止

The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the traditional aboriginal way of life.

白人的到來逐漸使傳統(tǒng)的土著生活結(jié)束。

The Great Depression brought an end to economic expansion and social progress.

大蕭條結(jié)束了經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張和社會(huì)進(jìn)步。

（1） bring...to a stop 使……停止；使……停住

The driver brought his Audi to a sudden stop.

司機(jī)把他的奧迪車突然停下來。

（2） bring...to a close/an end 使……結(jié)束；使……完結(jié)

At last they brought the Marathon meeting to a close.

最后，他們結(jié)束了馬拉松比賽。

A big head

A boy cried to his mother， “All the children make fun of me. They say I have a big head.”

“Dont listen to them，” his mother said. “You have a beautiful head. Now stop crying and go to the store to buy twenty pounds of patotoes.”

“Where is the shopping bag？”

“I havent got one. Use your hat.”

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A Problem of Modern life

Our surroundings are being polluted faster than nature and mans present effort cannot prevent it. Time is bringing us more people， and more people will bring us more industries， more cars， larger cities， and the growing use of man-made materials.

What can explain and solve this problem？ The fact is that pollution is caused by man—by their desire for a modern way of life. We make “increasing industrialization” our major goal. So we are often ready to offer everything， clean air， pure water， good food， our health and even the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities， eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years， pollution has become a serious problem.

Isnt it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going —and why？ It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over a loudspeaker， “Ive some good news and some bad news. The good news is that were making rapid progress at 530 miles an hour. The bad news is that were lost and dont know where were going.” The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society.

1. Why do people crowd into the cities？

A. They want to find well-paid jobs.

B. They have become tired of their homeland.

C. They have a strong wish to become industrial workers.

D. They are anxious to enjoy the achievements of our society.

2. According to the passage， what does man value most？

A. Industry. B. Health.

C. Clean air. D. The future of the children.

3. What does the story about the airline pilot tell us？

A. Man knows where the society is going.

B. Man can do little about the problem of pollution.

C. The writer is worried about the future of our society.

D. People do not welcome the rapid development of modern society.

4. What is the writers purpose of writing the passage？

A. To show its time we did something to reduce pollution.

B. To call on us to lower the speed of development to stop pollution.

C. To show as industry is growing fast pollution is the natural result.

D. To show with the development of technology pollution has become a serious problem.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

relic engineering resign gorge structure

terminal condition civil accommodate date

1. The fall of the government resulted in a（n） ____ war.

2. He gave up ____ and chose to leave the university.

3. I thought the ____ is going to crash.

4. The cultural ____ discovered lately in that place date from the Ming Dynasty.

5. One flat in the buildings can ____ a family of five.

6. He shocked the whole company by ____ from his position.

7. Its so easy to lose ones bearings in the underground passages between the ____ at the airport.

8. The traditional friendship between our two peoples ____ back to ancient days.

句子翻譯

1. 他們向水災(zāi)地區(qū)提供食品和衣物。

2. 布萊克先生是我的老朋友，我們的友誼始于1985年。

3. 他厭倦了城市生活，夢想回到農(nóng)村。

4. 我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)村子變了。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. They ___ against the strong wind and big waves for two days and nights.

A. held out B. held back

C. held down D. held up

2. Her smile ___ her kindness to us.

A. provided B. suggested

C. offered D. gave

3. My mother asked my brother to cut the watermelon into four pieces and ___ the seeds.

A. remove B. move

C. dig D. take

4.Have you visited this ancient temple ___ the Song Dynasty？

A. dated from B. to date from

C. be dated from D. dating from

5.The computer ___ a large number of electronic switches.

A. contains B. includes

C. accommodates D. provides

6. The student ___ his seat on the bus to an old lady.

A. offered B. provided

C. removed D. supplied

7. He ___ his parents great anxiety by travelling in Egypt alone.

A. produced B. caused

C. affected D. generated

8. The new twenty-storyed building ___ the other day will be a hospital.

A. be completed B. completing

C. to complete D. completed

9. I could feel the rain ___ on my face.

A. to drop B. dropped

C. drop D. dropping

10. Have you heard of the town ___ when the dam is built？

A. submerge B. submerging

C. submerged D. being submerged

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

generate construct forecast argument harness

submerge narrow disappear history site

1. The 20-kilometre-long subway is so far Guangzhous largest ____ project.

2. They will do their best to ____ more energy from the wind and the sun.

3. There are plans to widen the ____ section of the road.

4. Professor Smith， an old professor of history， is still busy doing

____ research every day.

5. Many great people， such as Sun Yetsen and Mao Zedong， were once active in the south， leaving behind many famous ____ which are full of visitors.

6. The dam ____ the energy of the river.

7. Forests are now ____ around the coast of Britain.

8. We were puzzled by the sudden ____ of our guide.

句子翻譯

1. 我去年買的那幢房子帶著一個(gè)漂亮的花園。

2. 我們朝村子走去，村民們正在那里趕集。（趕集have a market day）

3. 一個(gè)中年女子殺死了一只可愛的小狗，這令我十分恐懼。

4. 莎莉，你現(xiàn)在所說的話毫無意義。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Bad habits are not easy to be ___ ； it needs your determination.

A. replaced B. removed

C. moved D. got rid

2. ___ is known to all， water is an important kind of natural resource.

A. As B. Which

C. That D. When

3. The leader of the team is a 44-year-old Frenchman， ___ wife is also a team member.

A. who B. whom

C. which D. whose

4. Im to fly to Kunming， ___ it is warm in this season.

A. which B. that

C. where D. when

5. He said he would come to my house to see me tomorrow afternoon， ___ I will have some other friends to play together.

A. when B. where

C. which D. who

6. We climbed the Huangshan Mountain yesterday， ___ ， not surprisingly， was crowded with visitors from all over the world.

A. where B. which

C. that D. when

7. This is John Brown， ___ I think has something interesting to tell you.

A. which B. whom

C. that D. who

8. Which film is the one ___ main actor has won the Best Actor Prize in the film festival？

A. who B. whom

C. whose D. which

9. In that country， November 30th is a national festival ___ everyone， men and women， old and young， sings and dances happily in the streets.

A. where B. when

C. that D. as

10. — ___ ？

— Quite a success.

A. What was your class meeting about

B. Why was your class meeting held

C. What was your class meeting like

D. How was your class meeting held

完形填空

Surfing： Its Not Just for Boys Any More

If you ask high school girls to name their favorite sport， most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would 1 ： surfing. But isnt that a boy thing？ Some people 2 . Most certainly not.

I started surfing about five years ago and 3 in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first 4 was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to 5 surfing with other things， I find it very 6 . Because， in my study， theres nothing like it. It involves body， 7 ， and soul. Theres sand between my toes and cool， salt water all 8 us. The feeling I get when Im surfing across that 9 ， becoming one with the 10 ， is like Im weightless. The one thing I can 11 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenges （挑戰(zhàn)）. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 12 an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever 13 . All of these things attract me to surf and make it 14 from any other sport.

Ive 15 to tell every girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new 16 ， so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start 17 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate （主宰）？

There are women 18 side by side with the President of our country， so why not be side by side with the boys 19 the football team or out in the water surfing？ Give girls a chance to 20 ， and they will.

1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize

2. A. wonder B. think C. reply D. believe

3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell

4. A. wave B. storm C. sailing D. boat

5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie

6. A. ridiculous B. difficult C. active D. essential

7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time

8. A. along B. above C. around D. between

9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake

10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean

11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep

12. A. catches B. faces C. offers D. contains

13. A. master B. learn C. stand D. imitate

14. A. known B. right C. far D. different

15. A. chosen B. tried C. warned D. failed

16. A. level B. place C. step D. part

17. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting

18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working

19. A. of B. from C. on D. with

20. A. study B. succeed C. work D. surf

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

essential transport global disagree foggy

poem evidence canal reservoir carving

1. Burning coal has led to ____ warming.

2. November is a month which has many ____ days.

3. He wrote a（n） ____ about war.

4. Nowadays the ____ are still playing a very important part in the transport of goods by water in our country.

5. The most famous tourist attractions in Chongqing are Dazu Rock ____ and the Three Gorges.

6. Its a very high office building with all ____ modern facilities.

7. The department of ____ continues to study information about SUV.

8. The lake was not a natural one， but a man-made ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 我們都為長城感到驕傲，它是世界人造奇跡之一。

2. 我父親是個(gè)醫(yī)生，他常常鼓勵(lì)我努力學(xué)習(xí)。

3. 我們必須結(jié)束他們無休止的爭論。

4. 讓小孩們玩火柴明智嗎？

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Without air to hold some of the suns heat， the earth at night ___ ， too cold for us to live.

A. would be frozen cold B. can freeze coldly

C. would be freezing coldly D. would be freezing cold

2. Were just trying to reach a point ___ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where B. that

C. when D. which

3. Her sister has become a lawyer， ___ she wanted to be.

A. who B. that

C. what D. which

4. I showed an old friend of mine around the city， ___ surprise， the changes had been so great.

A. whose B. which

C. to whose D. to which

5. My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble， ___ was very kind of them.

A. who B. which

C. that D. it

6. Were trying to ring you back， Bryan， but we think we ___ your number incorrectly.

A. looked up B. took down

C. worked out D. brought about

7. The school bus was ___ by a thick fog.

A. held up B. broken off

C. kept up D. started up

8. In the last ten years， we have experienced more ___ events than ___ period in history.

A. historic； any B. historical； any

C. historic； any other D. historical； any other

9. — I wonder why she was ___ from the typist post.

— Dont you know she ___ to that kind of work？

A. moved； doesnt match B. removed； doesnt match

C. moved； isnt equal D. removed； isnt equal

10. — Im going to master English ___ one month.

— Crazy！ Its said that it usually ___ two or three years to

learn a foreign language.

A. in； costs B. within； takes

C. for； spends D. by； pays

閱讀表達(dá)（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。）

A year ago， August， Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife， Gerrie， was still working in the local school cafeteria， but it was hard for Dave to find work， and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at the risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift—$7，000， a legacy （遺產(chǎn)） from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch， who died in an accident.

“It really made a difference when we were meeting difficulty.” says Dave.

But the Fusses werent the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Dozens of other families were touched by what the Hatches had done. In some cases， it was a few thousand dollars； in others， it was more than $100，000.

It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money， more than $3 million—they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.

Children of the Great Depression， Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They preferred comparison shopping and would go from store to store， checking prices before making a new purchase.

Through the years， the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camps when their parents couldnt afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything，” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden， “They could see things they could do to make you happier， and they would do them.”

Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches gave away their farmland. It was the Hatches wish that their legacy—a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents—should enrich the whole community and last for generations to come.

Neighbors helping neighbors—that was Ish and Arlene Hatchs story.

1. Whats Dave Fusss previous job？ （within 3 words）

2. Who gave the money to Dave Fuss and his wife ？ （within 2 words）

3. Why did Ish and Arlene have so much money？ （within 8 words）

4. How did Ish and Arlene spend most of their money？ （within 9 words）

5. Why did Ish and Arlene give away their farmland？ （within 10 words）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

Fred Michel is one of 7.2 million Americans who moonlight.

Once a week， after his day job as medical director of a mental health center， the 40-year-old psychiatrist （精神科醫(yī)生） heads to a part-time job at a treatment center for young people. Twice a month， he travels three hours to another teenage treatment center.

Last year， 5.4 percent of the American workforce held second jobs， according to the US Labor Department， and that looks set to increase this year.

Many workers like the safety that moonlighting provides， says Carl Hausamn， the writer of “Moonlighting： 148 Great Ways to Make Money to the Side”.

The information from the US Labor Department shows that 40 percent of US moonlighters in 2012 took a second job to meet household expenses or pay off debts. Others save money or buy some special things.

People also take second jobs with an eye to the future—wanting to try out a new field or gain experience.

Michel started moonlighting when medical systems were unstable （不穩(wěn)定的）. He wanted to make sure he wasnt tied to one system that ended up failing.

Just as the purposes for moonlighting are different， the moonlighters cross all age and racial groups. And they work in a variety of industries—no longer just service， office and sales jobs.

As its name means， moonlighting still occurs mostly at night. And that results in some pressures. Chief among them is time.

Full-time employers could misunderstand， too. Some companies do not allow after-hour work because they fear it will affect their employees 9-to-5 performance.

“The primary employer is saying， ‘Wait， Im paying you for the sharp， fresh， energetic you，” says Tom Gimbel， president and founder of LaSalle Staffing in Chicago. “If youre burning yourself at both ends， its going to show.”

Still， the good done to the moonlighters can be great. Besides extra income， moonlighters enjoy variety （多樣性）， freedom and chance to do something new. They also may find their part-time jobs strengthen what they do full time.

Besides， “its fun，” Michel says. Not only do his part-time jobs offer a chance to network， improving his professional skills and make more money， but they also give him the variety he wouldnt find just in a full-time job.

“Its a way of pulling from the spice cabinet （調(diào)料箱），” he says， “and offering a little variety throughout the day.”

1. What does the “moonlight” mean？

A. Go out at night.

B. Go out for a walk at night.

C. Do some secret things at night.

D. Take some part-time jobs at night.

2. Why did Fred Michel begin to moonlight？

A. He found it exciting to do a part-time job.

B. He feared he would lose his present job one day.

C. He needed to make ends meet with more money.

D. He felt more and more pressure from his employer.

3. Why dont some companies allow their workers to moonlight？

A. Their workers cannot do extra-hour work for them.

B. Their workers will be too tired to try their best at work.

C. Their workers will one day turn to some other different jobs.

D. Their workers will not get to work and be off work on time.

4. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean？

A. Moonlighting strengthens your professional skills.

B. Moonlighting offers you freedom to make extra money.

C. Moonlighting gets you away from the job you dont enjoy.

D. Moonlighting brings you chances to do something different.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個(gè)單詞中選擇8個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個(gè)單詞只使用一次。

strike enormous affect crash ridiculous

observe freezing replace suggest remove

1. A（n） ____ gap remains between the developed countries and the developing countries.

2. An airliner ____ west of Denver last night.

3. Dont you think it is a（n） ____ idea to make oil from water？

4. Leave a basin of water outside in ____ weather， and it will be frozen soon.

5. Rubbish has not been ____ for many days. It smells terrible.

6. As a child， he liked to ____ the behaviour of insects.

7. In just a few days its root will ____ deep into earth.

8. He ____ that the meeting be put off till next week.

句子翻譯

1. 那位叫約翰遜的哲學(xué)家住在英格蘭北部的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上。

2. 盡管愛因斯坦是世界聞名的科學(xué)家，他卻過著簡單的生活。

3. 我的自行車正在修理中。

4. 我們將把野餐推遲到下個(gè)星期，到那時(shí)，天氣可能會(huì)更好些。

單項(xiàng)選擇

1. Hes feeling rather ___ with himself after the examination.

A. pleasing B. pleased

C. pleasant D. pleasurable

2. — How about the concert last night？

— Well， at least its ___ the one I saw last time with Joan.

A. no worse than B. no better than

C. not as good D. as bad as

3. One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean ___ polluted and ___ safe for swimming.

A. is； is no longer B. are； are no more

C. are； are no longer D. is； is no more

4. American women usually regard their best friend as someone ___ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. with who

C. whom D. with whom

5. The new airport is still ___ construction. It will be ready in about two months.

A. under B. in

C. with D. on

6. The poem， ___ the poet was famous， attracted many people at that time.

A. for that B. as that

C. for which D. as which

7. He came to my class every week， but his attitude ___ he was not really interested in the subject.

A. expressed B. described

C. explained D. suggested

8. Well be shown around the city， school， museum and some other places， ___ other visitors seldom go.

A. which B. what

C. where D. that

9. The shopping center， ___ used to be poorly run， is now a successful business.

A. that B. when

C. which D. where

10. It was not until midnight ___ they reached the campsite.

A. which B. when

C. as D. that

The Development of Robots

機(jī)器人的發(fā)展

Robots， becoming increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world， are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention. Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry， where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. They also load and unload hot， heavy metal forms used in machines casting automobile and truck frames.

機(jī)器人在所有發(fā)達(dá)國家的工廠日益普及，人們對它們進(jìn)行編程和設(shè)計(jì)，使其在無人情況下執(zhí)行工業(yè)任務(wù)。現(xiàn)今，大多數(shù)機(jī)器人用于汽車工業(yè)，人們對其編程，從事如汽車和卡車車身焊接、噴漆之類的工作。它們也用于裝卸鑄造汽車和卡車框架的機(jī)器中熾熱、笨重的金屬鑄模。

Robots， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning to be seen， although to a lesser degree， in other industries as well. There they build electric motors， small appliances， pocket calculators， and even watches. The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials， preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation. These are the robots responsible for the reduction in job-related injuries in this new industry.

機(jī)器人已經(jīng)在汽車行業(yè)接任了人類工作，在其他行業(yè)也開始看到它們的身影，雖然使用程度低一些。在那里它們制造電動(dòng)馬達(dá)、小型設(shè)備、袖珍計(jì)算器，甚至手表。用于核電站的機(jī)器人處理輻射材料，避免工作人員暴露于輻射中。這些機(jī)器人可以減少這一新型工業(yè)帶來的傷害。

What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine？ Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. As an example， a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next. Automatic machine， on the other hand， are not capable of many different uses； they are built to perform only one task.

什么使機(jī)器變成機(jī)器人而不是其他的自動(dòng)化機(jī)器呢？機(jī)器人與自動(dòng)化機(jī)器的區(qū)別在于：機(jī)器人完成一項(xiàng)特定工作后，它們可以被電腦重新編程去執(zhí)行另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。比如，一個(gè)機(jī)器人做了一個(gè)月的點(diǎn)焊，可以被重新編程，下個(gè)月轉(zhuǎn)向噴漆。相反，自動(dòng)化機(jī)器卻沒有許多不同用途，它們只是為了完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)而被建造。

The next generation of robots will be able to see objects， will have a sense of touch， and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots. With the ability to “see”， robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robot vision system used electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light from an object such as a machine part strikes the camera， the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of a grayscale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges from 0 to 15， and another from 0 to 255. The 0 is represented by black. The highest number is white. The numbers between is represented by different shades of gray. The computer then makes the calculations and converts the numbers into a picture that shows an image of the object in question. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. Technicians believe they will， but only after years of development.

下一代機(jī)器人將能看見物體，具有觸覺，能做出關(guān)鍵性的決定。精通微電子和電腦技術(shù)的工程師正在為機(jī)器人開發(fā)人造視力，有了“看”的能力，機(jī)器人就能從一堆不同的材料中鑒別檢查出具體的一類物體。機(jī)器人視覺系統(tǒng)采用包含多行感官材料的電子數(shù)碼相機(jī)。當(dāng)一個(gè)物體上的光，如機(jī)器零件，照射到相機(jī)上時(shí)，敏感材料就可測量出光的強(qiáng)度，把光線轉(zhuǎn)換為一組數(shù)字。這些數(shù)字是灰度系統(tǒng)的一部分，其亮度由一系列數(shù)值測量。一個(gè)刻度范圍是0到15，另一個(gè)是0到225。0用黑色表示，最高值用白色，其間的數(shù)值用不同的灰色陰影來表示。然后計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行計(jì)算，并將數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換為表明該物體形象的圖像?，F(xiàn)在還不知道有一天機(jī)器人是否具有人類一樣的好視力。技術(shù)人員相信它們會(huì)的，只是需要多年的開發(fā)。

Engineers are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers， giving robots a sense of touch. Some engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard defective parts in finished products. To do this， the robot will also have to be capable of identifying those defective parts.

工程技術(shù)人員正在設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)新型金屬手臂和手指，使機(jī)器人具有觸覺。一些工程人員正在編寫新的程序，使機(jī)器人能決定是否拋棄成品中有缺陷的零件。要做到這點(diǎn)，機(jī)器人還必須具有鑒別有缺陷零件的能力。

These future robots， assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions， will have plenty of work to do. They can be used to explore for minerals on the ocean floor or in deep areas of mines too dangerous for humans to enter. They will work as gas station attendants， firemen， housekeepers， and security personnel. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

集觸覺、視覺和作決定能力于一體的這些未來機(jī)器人將會(huì)做大量工作。它們可以用于海底探礦，或探測對人類太危險(xiǎn)的深層區(qū)域的礦物。它們可以做加油站服務(wù)人員、消防人員、房屋管理員和安全人員的工作。任何想了解未來工業(yè)的人必須懂機(jī)器人。

什么使機(jī)器變成機(jī)器人而不是其他的自動(dòng)化機(jī)器呢？機(jī)器人與自動(dòng)化機(jī)器的區(qū)別在于：機(jī)器人完成一項(xiàng)特定工作后，它們可以被電腦重新編程去執(zhí)行另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。比如，一個(gè)機(jī)器人做了一個(gè)月的點(diǎn)焊，可以被重新編程，下個(gè)月轉(zhuǎn)向噴漆。相反，自動(dòng)化機(jī)器卻沒有許多不同用途，它們只是為了完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)而被建造。

The next generation of robots will be able to see objects， will have a sense of touch， and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots. With the ability to “see”， robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robot vision system used electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light from an object such as a machine part strikes the camera， the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of a grayscale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges from 0 to 15， and another from 0 to 255. The 0 is represented by black. The highest number is white. The numbers between is represented by different shades of gray. The computer then makes the calculations and converts the numbers into a picture that shows an image of the object in question. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. Technicians believe they will， but only after years of development.

下一代機(jī)器人將能看見物體，具有觸覺，能做出關(guān)鍵性的決定。精通微電子和電腦技術(shù)的工程師正在為機(jī)器人開發(fā)人造視力，有了“看”的能力，機(jī)器人就能從一堆不同的材料中鑒別檢查出具體的一類物體。機(jī)器人視覺系統(tǒng)采用包含多行感官材料的電子數(shù)碼相機(jī)。當(dāng)一個(gè)物體上的光，如機(jī)器零件，照射到相機(jī)上時(shí)，敏感材料就可測量出光的強(qiáng)度，把光線轉(zhuǎn)換為一組數(shù)字。這些數(shù)字是灰度系統(tǒng)的一部分，其亮度由一系列數(shù)值測量。一個(gè)刻度范圍是0到15，另一個(gè)是0到225。0用黑色表示，最高值用白色，其間的數(shù)值用不同的灰色陰影來表示。然后計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行計(jì)算，并將數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換為表明該物體形象的圖像?，F(xiàn)在還不知道有一天機(jī)器人是否具有人類一樣的好視力。技術(shù)人員相信它們會(huì)的，只是需要多年的開發(fā)。

Engineers are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers， giving robots a sense of touch. Some engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard defective parts in finished products. To do this， the robot will also have to be capable of identifying those defective parts.

工程技術(shù)人員正在設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)新型金屬手臂和手指，使機(jī)器人具有觸覺。一些工程人員正在編寫新的程序，使機(jī)器人能決定是否拋棄成品中有缺陷的零件。要做到這點(diǎn)，機(jī)器人還必須具有鑒別有缺陷零件的能力。

These future robots， assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions， will have plenty of work to do. They can be used to explore for minerals on the ocean floor or in deep areas of mines too dangerous for humans to enter. They will work as gas station attendants， firemen， housekeepers， and security personnel. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

集觸覺、視覺和作決定能力于一體的這些未來機(jī)器人將會(huì)做大量工作。它們可以用于海底探礦，或探測對人類太危險(xiǎn)的深層區(qū)域的礦物。它們可以做加油站服務(wù)人員、消防人員、房屋管理員和安全人員的工作。任何想了解未來工業(yè)的人必須懂機(jī)器人。

什么使機(jī)器變成機(jī)器人而不是其他的自動(dòng)化機(jī)器呢？機(jī)器人與自動(dòng)化機(jī)器的區(qū)別在于：機(jī)器人完成一項(xiàng)特定工作后，它們可以被電腦重新編程去執(zhí)行另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。比如，一個(gè)機(jī)器人做了一個(gè)月的點(diǎn)焊，可以被重新編程，下個(gè)月轉(zhuǎn)向噴漆。相反，自動(dòng)化機(jī)器卻沒有許多不同用途，它們只是為了完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)而被建造。

The next generation of robots will be able to see objects， will have a sense of touch， and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots. With the ability to “see”， robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robot vision system used electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light from an object such as a machine part strikes the camera， the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of a grayscale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges from 0 to 15， and another from 0 to 255. The 0 is represented by black. The highest number is white. The numbers between is represented by different shades of gray. The computer then makes the calculations and converts the numbers into a picture that shows an image of the object in question. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. Technicians believe they will， but only after years of development.

下一代機(jī)器人將能看見物體，具有觸覺，能做出關(guān)鍵性的決定。精通微電子和電腦技術(shù)的工程師正在為機(jī)器人開發(fā)人造視力，有了“看”的能力，機(jī)器人就能從一堆不同的材料中鑒別檢查出具體的一類物體。機(jī)器人視覺系統(tǒng)采用包含多行感官材料的電子數(shù)碼相機(jī)。當(dāng)一個(gè)物體上的光，如機(jī)器零件，照射到相機(jī)上時(shí)，敏感材料就可測量出光的強(qiáng)度，把光線轉(zhuǎn)換為一組數(shù)字。這些數(shù)字是灰度系統(tǒng)的一部分，其亮度由一系列數(shù)值測量。一個(gè)刻度范圍是0到15，另一個(gè)是0到225。0用黑色表示，最高值用白色，其間的數(shù)值用不同的灰色陰影來表示。然后計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行計(jì)算，并將數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換為表明該物體形象的圖像?，F(xiàn)在還不知道有一天機(jī)器人是否具有人類一樣的好視力。技術(shù)人員相信它們會(huì)的，只是需要多年的開發(fā)。

Engineers are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers， giving robots a sense of touch. Some engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard defective parts in finished products. To do this， the robot will also have to be capable of identifying those defective parts.

工程技術(shù)人員正在設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)新型金屬手臂和手指，使機(jī)器人具有觸覺。一些工程人員正在編寫新的程序，使機(jī)器人能決定是否拋棄成品中有缺陷的零件。要做到這點(diǎn)，機(jī)器人還必須具有鑒別有缺陷零件的能力。

These future robots， assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions， will have plenty of work to do. They can be used to explore for minerals on the ocean floor or in deep areas of mines too dangerous for humans to enter. They will work as gas station attendants， firemen， housekeepers， and security personnel. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

集觸覺、視覺和作決定能力于一體的這些未來機(jī)器人將會(huì)做大量工作。它們可以用于海底探礦，或探測對人類太危險(xiǎn)的深層區(qū)域的礦物。它們可以做加油站服務(wù)人員、消防人員、房屋管理員和安全人員的工作。任何想了解未來工業(yè)的人必須懂機(jī)器人。