王 萌劉金偉
1 遼源市婦嬰醫(yī)院,吉林 遼源 136200; 2 遼源市東遼縣建安鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)院,吉林 遼源 136600
循證護(hù)理在小兒手足口病合并腦炎護(hù)理中的應(yīng)用
王 萌1劉金偉2
1 遼源市婦嬰醫(yī)院,吉林 遼源 136200; 2 遼源市東遼縣建安鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)院,吉林 遼源 136600
目的探討在手足口病合并腦炎患兒中應(yīng)用循證護(hù)理的價(jià)值。方法將60例手足口病合并腦炎患兒隨機(jī)分為兩組,以接受常規(guī)護(hù)理者為對(duì)照組,以接受循證護(hù)理者為觀察組,每組30例。對(duì)比接受不同護(hù)理方式后的臨床治療效果。結(jié)果觀察組接受治療14 d后達(dá)到治療有效以上者28例,治療總有效率為93.33%,而對(duì)照組達(dá)到治療有效以上者22例,治療總有效率為73.33%,觀察組明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(χ2=4.320,P=0.038);觀察組住院住院時(shí)間為(10.61±5.57)d,對(duì)照組為(15.78±6.82)d,觀察組同樣優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(t=-3.166,P=0.001)。結(jié)論循證護(hù)理可顯著提高手足口病合并腦炎患兒的臨床治療效果。
循證護(hù)理;手足口病;腦炎
手足口病為好發(fā)于小兒的病毒感染性疾病,本病有著較強(qiáng)的傳染性。本病可導(dǎo)致患兒機(jī)體免疫力下降,使患者易感染其他疾病。腦炎為手足口病患兒較為常見的合并疾病,合并有腦炎的手足口病患兒可出現(xiàn)驚厥、昏迷甚至死亡[1]。目前對(duì)于合并有腦炎的手足口病患兒的治療主要以改善預(yù)后為主[2]。我院近年來在常規(guī)治療的同時(shí)給予患兒循證護(hù)理,大大提高了臨床治療效果?,F(xiàn)報(bào)告如下:
1.1 研究對(duì)象
將60例2013年1月~2013年12月收治的手足口病合并腦炎患兒隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組及觀察組,每組30例。所有患兒手足口病及腦炎均符合臨床診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并由家長(zhǎng)簽署知情同意書。對(duì)照組,男19例,女11例;年齡2~6歲,平均(4.16±1.22)歲。觀察組,男22例,女8例;年齡3~7歲,平均(4.36±1.36)歲。兩組患者均存在不同程度的頭暈、頭痛、精神萎靡、嘔吐等臨床癥狀,兩組性別、年齡及臨床癥狀表現(xiàn)比較,無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05,具可比性。
1.2 方法
兩組均常規(guī)給予合適的抗生素以抗感染治療,同時(shí)給予清熱解毒藥物以清熱解毒治療。對(duì)照組在常規(guī)治療的基礎(chǔ)上給予內(nèi)科常規(guī)護(hù)理,觀察組則給予循證護(hù)理,循證護(hù)理包括心理護(hù)理、消毒隔離及臨床癥狀相關(guān)護(hù)理。心理護(hù)理即首先向患兒家屬交代患兒病情,得到患兒家屬的配合,隨后應(yīng)用小兒易接受的語言向患兒解釋病情,降低患兒的心理負(fù)擔(dān);消毒隔離即每日定時(shí)對(duì)患兒的病室進(jìn)行消毒,每次3次,每次消毒進(jìn)行3 h,消毒時(shí)均嚴(yán)格按照消毒規(guī)范進(jìn)行。臨床癥狀相關(guān)護(hù)理即根據(jù)患兒所出現(xiàn)的各種臨床癥狀給予相關(guān)護(hù)理指導(dǎo),以消除患兒在治療期間因各種病情變化所出現(xiàn)的焦慮情緒。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
根據(jù)患兒在治療結(jié)束時(shí)臨床癥狀改善情況對(duì)患兒的臨床治療效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),以患兒在72 h內(nèi)臨床癥狀及體征恢復(fù)正常為顯效;以患兒在72 h內(nèi)臨床癥狀及體征基本恢復(fù)正常為有效;以未達(dá)到以上評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)者為無效;以顯效及有效患兒在總患兒數(shù)百分比為治療總有效率。同時(shí)記錄兩組患兒的住院時(shí)間。對(duì)比兩組治療總有效率及住院時(shí)間。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
以SPSS 19.0作為統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件,治療總有效率以百分率表示,住院時(shí)間以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示。應(yīng)用t檢驗(yàn)及卡方檢驗(yàn)比較。當(dāng)P<0.05作為存在有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 臨床療效比較
觀察組接受治療14 d后,共有17例患者達(dá)到顯效,11例患者達(dá)到有效,達(dá)到治療有效以上者共28例,治療總有效率為93.33%,而對(duì)照組,共有10例患者達(dá)到顯效,12例患者達(dá)到有效,達(dá)到治療有效以上者22例,治療總有效率為73.33%,觀察組明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(χ2=4.320,P=0.038)。
2.2 兩組住院時(shí)間比較
觀察組住院住院時(shí)間為(10.61±5.57)d,對(duì)照組為(15.78±6.82)d,觀察組同樣優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(t=-3.166,P=0.001)。
循證護(hù)理為在長(zhǎng)期臨床護(hù)理工作中總結(jié)出的一種新型護(hù)理方式,其可以根據(jù)疾病的病程及預(yù)后情況制定相應(yīng)的護(hù)理方案,臨床觀察顯示,此種護(hù)理方式可有效的改善患者的臨床治療效果。本觀察對(duì)循證護(hù)理在小兒手足口病合并腦炎的治療的效果進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示:觀察組接受治療14 d后達(dá)到治療有效以上者28例,治療總有效率為93.33%,而對(duì)照組達(dá)到治療有效以上者22例,治療總有效率為73.33%,觀察組明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組;觀察組住院住院時(shí)間為(10.61±5.57)d,對(duì)照組為(15.78±6.82)d,觀察組同樣優(yōu)于對(duì)照組??梢娫趹?yīng)用循證護(hù)理后,患兒的臨床治療總有效率及住院時(shí)間均明顯改善。由此可見:循證護(hù)理可顯著提高手足口病合并腦炎患兒的臨床治療效果。
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Evidence-based Nursing in Children with Hand,F(xiàn)oot and Mouth Disease Merger Encephalitis Nursing Application
WANG Meng1LIU Jinwei21 Liaoyuan City women and children hospital,Liaoyuan Jilin 136200,China;2 Jian'an Hospital of Dongliao County,Liaoyuan Jilin 136600,China
ObjectiveTo study on the hand, foot and mouth disease in children with merger encephalitis, the value of the application of evidence-based nursing.Methods60 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease merger encephalitis patients randomly divided into two groups and received the routine nursing care as control group, received the evidence-based nursing as observation group, 30 cases in each group. After contrast to accept different ways of nursing clinical therapeutic effect.ResultsObservation group 28 cases more than 14 days to make effective treatment, treatment the total effective rate was 93.33%,whereas the control to achieve effective treatment for more than 22 cases, treatment the total effective rate was 73.33%,the observation group was better than control group (χ2=4.320,P=4.320). Observation group hospitalization length of hospital stay (10.61±5.57) days, the control group was (15.78± 6.82) days, the group also is better than that of control group (t=3.166,P=3.166).ConclusionEvidence-based nursing can significantly improve the clinical treatment of children with hand, foot and mouth disease merger encephalitis.
Evidence-based nursing,Hand, foot and mouth disease,Encephalitis
R473.72
B
1674-9316(2014)21-0023-02
10.3969/J.ISSN.1674-9316.2014.21.014