太陽(yáng)能電池

太陽(yáng)能電池

·編者按·

太陽(yáng)能電池（太陽(yáng)能芯片或光電池）一般為光電半導(dǎo)體薄片，可以通過(guò)光電效應(yīng)或者光化學(xué)效應(yīng)將太陽(yáng)光轉(zhuǎn)化成電能。在環(huán)境污染和能源短缺的大背景下，太陽(yáng)能的利用受到了各國(guó)研究人員的廣泛關(guān)注。太陽(yáng)能電池作為有效利用太陽(yáng)能的最佳途徑之一，成為國(guó)際前沿領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。

根據(jù)電池結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展，太陽(yáng)能電池可分為第1代晶體硅太陽(yáng)能電池、第2代薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池和第3代新型太陽(yáng)能電池等。其中晶體硅太陽(yáng)能電池又可以分為單晶硅太陽(yáng)能電池和多晶硅太陽(yáng)能電池；薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池包括非晶硅薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池、多晶硅薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池、化合物薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池（銅銦鎵硒、碲化鎘電池）等；第3代新型太陽(yáng)能電池通常包括聚合物薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池、染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池、量子點(diǎn)敏化太陽(yáng)能電池和鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池等。

作為第3代太陽(yáng)能電池中發(fā)展迅猛的鈣鈦礦太陽(yáng)能電池，其性能已經(jīng)超越了其他類型電池多年的積累，2013年，被《Science》評(píng)為國(guó)際十大科學(xué)突破之一。

本專題得到林紅教授（清華大學(xué)）的大力支持。

·熱點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)排行·

截至2017年1月10日，中國(guó)知網(wǎng)（CNKI）和Web of Science（WOS）的數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告顯示，以“太陽(yáng)能電池”為詞條可以檢索到的期刊文獻(xiàn)分別為4735、 8327條，本專題將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)按照：研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)、作者發(fā)文數(shù)、期刊發(fā)文數(shù)、被引用頻次進(jìn)行排行，結(jié)果如下。

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

研究機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

作者發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（CNKI）

期刊發(fā)文數(shù)量排名（WOS）

根據(jù)中國(guó)知網(wǎng)（CNKI）數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告，以“太陽(yáng)能電池”等為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國(guó)內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)高被引論文排行

根據(jù)Web of Science統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，以“太陽(yáng)能電池”為詞條可以檢索到的高被引論文排行結(jié)果如下。

國(guó)外數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)高被引論文排行

·經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)推薦·

基于Web of Science檢索結(jié)果，利用Histcite軟件選取LCS（Local Citation Score，本地引用次數(shù)）TOP 50文獻(xiàn)作為節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，得到本領(lǐng)域推薦的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)如下。

A thin‐film, two‐layer organic photovoltaic cell has been fabricated from copper phthalocyanine and a perylene tetracarboxylic derivative. A power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved under simulated AM2 illumination. A novel feature of the device is that the charge‐generation efficiency is relatively independent of the bias voltage, resulting incells with fill factor values as high as 0.65. The interface between the two organic materials, rather than the electrode/organic contacts, is crucial in determining the photovoltaic properties of the cell.

來(lái)源出版物：Applied Physics Letters, 1986, 48(2): 183-185

A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized

Oregan, B; Ratzel, M

Abstract:The large-scale use of photovoltaic devices for electricity generation is prohibitively expensive at present: generation from existing commercial devices costs about ten times more than conventional methods 1. Here we describe a photovoltaic cell, created from low-to mediumpurity materials through low-cost processes, which exhibits a commercially realistic energy-conversion efficiency. The device is based on a 10-μm-thick, optically transparent film of titanium dioxide particles a few nanometres in size, coated with a monolayer of a charge-transfer dye to sensitize the film for light harvesting. Because of the high surface area of the semiconductor film and the ideal spectral characteristics of the dye, the device harvests a high proportion of the incident solar energy flux (46%) and shows exceptionally high efficiencies for the conversion of incident photons to electrical current (more than 80%). The overall light-to-electric energy conversion yield is 7.1%-7.9% in simulated solar light and 12% in diffuse daylight. The large current densities (greater than 12 mA cm-2) and exceptional stability (sustaining at least five million turnovers without decomposition), as well as the low cost, make practical applications feasible.

來(lái)源出版物：Nature, 1991, 353(6346): 737-740

Polymer photovoltiac cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions

Yu, G; Gao, J; Ummelen, JC; et al.

Abstract:The carrier collection efficiency (ηc) and energy conversion efficiency (ηe) of polymer photovoltaic cells were improved by blending of the semiconducting polymer with C60 or its functionalized derivatives. Composite films of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and fullerenes exhibit ηc of about 29 percent of electrons per photon and ηe of about 2.9 percent, efficiencies that are better by more than two orders of magnitude than those that have been achieved with devices made with pure MEH-PPV. The efficient chargeseparation results from photoinduced electron transfer from the MEH-PPV (as donor) to C60 (as acceptor); the high collection efficiency results from a bicontinuous network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions.

來(lái)源出版物：Science, 1995, 270(5243): 1789-1791

Harvesting light energy with CdSe nanocrystals molecularly linked to mesoscopic TiO2films

Robel, I; Subramanian, V; Kuno, M; et al.

Abstract:By using bifunctional surface modifiers (SH-R-COOH), CdSe quantum dots (QDs) have been assembled onto mesoscopic TiO2films. Upon visible light excitation, CdSe QDs inject electrons into TiO2nanocrystallites. Femtosecond transient absorption as well as emission quenching experiments confirm the injection from the excited state of CdSe QDs into TiO2nanoparticles. Electron transfer from the thermally relaxed s-state occurs over a wide range of rate constant values between 7.3 × 109and 1.95 × 1011s-1. The injected charge carriers in a CdSe-modified TiO2film can be collected at a conducting electrode to generate a photocurrent. The TiO2-CdSe composite, when employed as a photoanode in a photoelectrochemical cell, exhibits a photon-to-charge carrier generation efficiency of 12%. Significant loss of electrons occurs due to scattering as well as charge recombination at TiO2/CdSe interfaces and internal TiO2grain boundaries.

來(lái)源出版物：Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, 128(7): 2385-2393

Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with efficiency exceeding 9%

Kim, HS; Lee, CR; Im, JH; et al.

Abstract:We report on solid-state mesoscopic heterojunction solar cells employing nanoparticles (NPs) of methyl ammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3)PbI3as light harvesters. The perovskite NPs were produced by reaction of methylammonium iodide with PbI2and deposited onto a submicron-thick mesoscopic TiO2film, whose pores were infiltrated with the hole-conductorspiro-MeOTAD. Illumination with standard AM-1.5 sunlight generated large photocurrents (JSC) exceeding 17 mA/cm2, an open circuit photovoltage (VOC) of 0.888 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.62 yielding a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.7%, the highest reported to date for such cells. Femto second laser studies combined with photo-induced absorption measurements showed charge separation to proceed via hole injection from the excited (CH3NH3)PbI3NPs into thespiro-MeOTAD followed by electron transfer to the mesoscopic TiO2film. The use of a solid hole conductor dramatically improved the device stability compared to (CH3NH3)PbI3-sensitized liquid junction cells.

來(lái)源出版物：Scientific reports, 2012, 2: 591

典

文章題目第一作者來(lái)源出版物1 Two‐layer organic photovoltaic cell Tang, CW Applied Physics Letters, 1986, 48(2): 183-185 2 A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on Oregan, B Nature, 1991, 353(6346): 737-740 dye-sensitized 3 Polymer photovoltiac cells: Enhanced efficiencies via Yu, G Science, 1995, 270(5243): 1789-1791 a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions 4 Harvesting light energy with CdSe nanocrystals Robel, I Journal of the American Chemical Society, molecularly linked to mesoscopic TiO2films 2006, 128(7): 2385-2393 Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state 5 submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with Kim, HS Scientific Reports, 2012, 2, 591 efficiency exceeding 9%

Two‐layer organic photovoltaic cell

Tang, CW