李軍成 韓志玉 李佳峰 陳征
摘要:研究了柴油機(jī)低速部分負(fù)荷工況引入不同EGR對(duì)缸內(nèi)燃燒排放特性的影響. 將CHEMKINⅡ化學(xué)反應(yīng)求解器集成到KIVA 3V Release 2程序中, 用正庚烷化學(xué)反應(yīng)機(jī)理替代柴油燃燒, 建立柴油機(jī)缸內(nèi)燃燒數(shù)值模擬模型; 結(jié)合試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù), 模擬分析噴油時(shí)刻保持不變, EGR率(廢氣再循環(huán))從0%增加到 60%的燃燒過程、NOx和碳煙排放. 結(jié)果表明: 引入大比例EGR后點(diǎn)火延遲明顯增長(zhǎng), 燃燒相位推遲, 燃燒溫度降低; 較低燃燒溫度避開了NOx的高濃度生成區(qū), EGR率60%時(shí)NOx排放比無EGR時(shí)降低93.5%; 但高EGR率未使燃燒路徑避開碳煙生成區(qū), 加之較低的氧濃度不利于碳煙的氧化, 碳煙排放增高.
關(guān)鍵詞:柴油機(jī);廢氣再循環(huán);燃燒模擬;化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)
中圖分類號(hào):TK421.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
各工況模擬計(jì)算的缸內(nèi)壓力曲線和放熱率曲線如圖9所示.由圖可知,隨著EGR率的增加,滯燃期增長(zhǎng),使得燃燒相位移向膨脹行程.引入的EGR改變了進(jìn)氣的組分,使得缸內(nèi)壓縮壓力略有降低且隨著EGR率的增大降低幅度增大.在著火延遲增加和壓縮壓力下降的共同影響下,大EGR率的缸內(nèi)燃燒壓力相對(duì)較低.
4結(jié)論
1)編寫的接口程序成功地將CFD程序KIVA和氣相化學(xué)反應(yīng)求解器CHEMKIN耦合起來,實(shí)現(xiàn)了缸內(nèi)流場(chǎng)求解與化學(xué)反應(yīng)的聯(lián)合模擬,形成了基于化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)理的柴油機(jī)模擬燃燒模擬平臺(tái).
4)在噴油參數(shù)不變的條件下,大比例EGR雖然控制缸內(nèi)溫度,但是燃燒過程中局部過濃的現(xiàn)象仍然存在,燃燒路徑無法完全避開高濃度碳煙生成區(qū).因此,要實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳煙排放,必須優(yōu)化噴油策略,增加油氣混合的均勻度.
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