Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia

詞匯及短語精析

1. blow vt. vi. 吹；吹動(dòng)；刮

The winds blow across the sea， pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.

風(fēng)吹過海面，把小的波浪推向前進(jìn)，變成越來越大的波浪。

The wind has blown my hat off.

風(fēng)把我的帽子刮走了。

拓展：n. 打；打擊；奇襲；猛攻

give sb a blow on the head 給某人頭上一擊

2. frightening adj. 嚇人的；可怕的

The frightening noise set her hair on end.

恐怖的聲音使她毛骨悚然。

The children put on strange masks and frightening clothes every Halloween.

每一年萬圣節(jié)，孩子們戴著奇怪的面具，穿著嚇人的服裝。

拓展：frighten vt. 使驚恐；使害怕

The ghost story frightened the child.

這個(gè)鬼怪故事使孩子十分驚恐。

The alarm frightened the burglar away.

警報(bào)鈴聲嚇走了竊賊。

frightened adj. 受驚的；害怕的

Frightened children were calling for their mothers.

受驚的孩子們呼喊著媽媽。

A frightened hedgehog contracts its body into a ball.

一只受驚的刺猬把身體縮成一個(gè)球。

3. mass adj. 大量的；大規(guī)模的

We want to promote literacy on a mass scale.

我們想大規(guī)模地提高文化水平。

拓展：n. 大量；眾多

A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.

從房頂?shù)粝铝艘淮髩K積雪。

A great mass of people are coming to see the exhibition.

大批人前來參觀展覽會(huì)。

4. process n. 進(jìn)程；過程

Producing a dictionary is a slow process.

編寫一本字典是一個(gè)緩慢的過程。

I started moving the china ornaments but dropped a vase in the process.

我動(dòng)手搬那些瓷制飾物，但在移動(dòng)時(shí)摔了一只花瓶。

We are in the process of selling our house.

我們正在出售自家的住宅。

5. forecast vt. 預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)告

As forecasted， the storm will continue to be weakened when moving to the northwest.

預(yù)報(bào)顯示，在向西北移動(dòng)過程中，風(fēng)暴強(qiáng)度將繼續(xù)減弱。

Experts forecasted a steady rise in the number of tourists.

專家預(yù)測游客人數(shù)會(huì)持續(xù)增長。

6. concerned adj. 關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的

Concerned parents held a meeting.

憂心忡忡的家長們開了一個(gè)會(huì)。

（1） be concerned about / with / for / over 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心某事

They are very concerned with lab security.

他們很擔(dān)心實(shí)驗(yàn)室的安全問題。

Parents are naturally concerned for their children’s safety.

父母自然關(guān)心他們兒女的安全。

Please don’t be concerned about me.

請(qǐng)不要擔(dān)心我。

He was concerned over his son’s financial difficulties.

他擔(dān)心他兒子的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。

（2） be concerned that... 擔(dān)心……

She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.

她擔(dān)心自己會(huì)錯(cuò)過轉(zhuǎn)彎的地方而迷路。

（3） be concerned with /in 和……有關(guān)；牽涉

I am not concerned with that matter any longer.

我跟那件事不再有關(guān)。

He was only indirectly concerned in what took place.

他只是間接與所發(fā)生的事有關(guān)。

7. major adj. 主要的；多數(shù)的

Popular education is one of the major goals.

普及教育是主要目標(biāo)之一。

拓展：較大的；較多的；主要的；重要的；一流的；主修的

The house needs major repairs. 這幢房子需要大修。

He is a major writer. 他是位大作家。

Her major subject is chemistry. 她的主修科是化學(xué)。

8. complain vi. 抱怨；發(fā)牢騷

You have no reason to complain.

你沒有理由抱怨。

I have to complain to the manager about it.

對(duì)這件事我不得不向經(jīng)理提意見。

She often complains that he is dishonest.

她常埋怨說他不誠實(shí)。

complain about / of sth 抱怨某事

He complained （to me） about the food.

他（向我）抱怨伙食不佳。

She complained （to me） of his rudeness.

她（跟我）抱怨他的粗魯。

9. scary adj. 令人害怕的；引起驚恐的

The volcano in that country broke out. It was scary.

那個(gè)國家的火山爆發(fā)了，令人特別驚恐。

She put worms， snakes and other scary things into a pot.

她把蟲、蛇和其他可怕的東西放到罐子里。

10. cut down 砍倒

Tom has been asked to have the tree cut down.

有人請(qǐng)求湯姆把樹砍倒。

拓展：削減；縮短

We must cut down our expenses.

我們必須削減費(fèi)用。

The article is too long and should be cut down by half.

這篇稿子太長，得砍掉一半。

11. be caught in 突然遭遇（風(fēng)暴等）

We were caught in the storm and got drenched.

我們遇上大雨，全都被澆透了。

拓展：陷入；遇到

The frog was caught in the net. 青蛙陷在網(wǎng)里了。

If you take over Dora’s job， you are sure to be caught in the middle.

如果你接替多拉的工作，你一定會(huì)被搞得進(jìn)退兩難。

12. have a bad effect on 對(duì)……有壞影響

The rain has had a very bad effect on the crops.

這場雨對(duì)農(nóng)作物有非常不好的影響。

The alcohol had had such a bad effect on him.

酒精對(duì)他造成了很壞的影響。

13. take in 吸收

On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.

周末，史密斯一家常驅(qū)車到農(nóng)村呼吸那里的新鮮空氣。

拓展：接收；收留；領(lǐng)會(huì)；理解；欺騙；訂閱；訂購；改?。ㄒ路磺?；看（見）；拘留；包括；涉及

The poor man had nowhere to live in， so we took him in.

那個(gè)可憐的人沒地方住，所以我們收留了他。

Please take the washing in， if it rains.

如果下雨，請(qǐng)把洗好的衣服收進(jìn)來。

Before you translate a sentence， you should first take in the meaning of the words.

動(dòng)手翻譯句子之前，首先要理解單詞的含義。

I couldn’t take in why you are angry.

我無法理解你為什么生氣。

The salesman took in the old people and made them buy their poor-qualified goods.

那位推銷員欺騙老人，讓他們購買低品質(zhì)的貨物。

Which newspaper do you take in？

你訂閱了哪種報(bào)紙？

This coat needs to be taken in a bit.

這件大衣要改小些。

His little sister wanted to go with him to take in a movie.

他的小妹妹想跟他一起去看一場電影。

He was taken in because he killed a man on purpose.

他因故意殺人而被拘留。

The tour takes in some famous old castles.

這趟觀光旅行包括參觀若干著名的古堡。

14. give out 放出；發(fā)出

He gave out books. 他分發(fā)書本。

The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.

太陽給地球光和熱。

拓展：用盡；公布

Our food supply gave out. 我們的食物耗盡了。

The news was given out that the king had died.

國王的死訊已經(jīng)公布。

15. look through 瀏覽；翻閱（查看）；讀（看）一遍

I looked through all the readings he had given me.

我瀏覽了他給我的所有著作。

Always look through your work before handing it in.

交作業(yè)前一定要看一遍。

拓展：看穿；透過看

We have looked through the enemy’s tricks.

我們已識(shí)破了敵人的種種花招。

If you look through this special glass， you can see things larger than their actual size.

如果你透過這塊特殊玻璃看東西，所見物體要比實(shí)物大一些。

16. dig up 挖出；找到；發(fā)現(xiàn)

We must dig up those bushes because they are in the way.我們必須把這些灌木挖掉，因?yàn)樗鼈兊K事。

The farmers were digging up potatoes.

農(nóng)民們?cè)谕谕炼埂?/p>

Where did you dig up the fresh evidence？

你從哪兒弄到新證據(jù)的？

We should be able to dig up enough money for your ticket.

我們應(yīng)該能夠籌集到足夠的錢供你買票。

拓展：dig vt. vi. 挖；掘；挖洞；刨

He dug a deep hole. 他挖了一個(gè)很深的洞。

He is digging in his garden. 他正在花園里挖地。

17. protect...from / against... 保護(hù)……不受……的侵害

protect against直接加名詞，意為“防范”；protect from 一般用作protect A from B，意為“使A免受B的侵害”。

Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.

村民們種了許多樹防止水土流失。

He is always protecting himself from danger.

他總是保護(hù)著自己免受侵害。

He is always protecting against others.

他總是防范著別人。

拓展：protection n. 保護(hù)；防御

The hat will give protection against the sun.

這頂帽子可遮陽。

under the protection of 在……的保護(hù)下

The chicks are under the protection of the hen.

小雞們有母雞的保護(hù)。

18. wake up to 認(rèn)識(shí)到；意識(shí)到；發(fā)覺

They should wake up to the danger they are in.

他們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到處境的危險(xiǎn)。

We must wake up to the fact that this kind of animal is in danger of dying out.

我們必須意識(shí)到這一事實(shí)，那就是這種動(dòng)物正面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。