Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications

高考詞匯

pass vt. 超過

contain vt. 包含；包括

crash vi. （計算機）崩潰

create vt. 創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明

design vt. 設計

concentrate vi. 集中（注意力、思想等）

disadvantage n. 弊端；缺點

invention n. 發(fā)明

permission n. 許可

access n. 接近；通路

software n. 軟件

source n. 來源；出處

data n. （復）數據

defense n. 保護；防衛(wèi)

network n. 網絡

percentage n. 百分數；百分率

document n. 文件

essay n. 文章

statistics n. （復）統(tǒng)計數字

fantastic adj. 極好的；美妙的

independent adj. 獨立的

average adj. 平均的

accessible adj. 可進入的；可使用的

sideways adv. 橫著地；斜著地

via prep. 途經；經由

常用短語

consist of 由……組成

as well 也

become/be known as 作為……而出名；被稱為……

go down 下降

come up with 提出

from that moment 從那時起

concentrate on 聚精會神；集中思想

compared with 與……相比

log on/of 登錄；退出

hard disk 硬盤

personal computer 個人電腦

web browser 網頁瀏覽器

表外詞匯

log vt. 記錄；登錄

shorten vt. 縮短

keyword n. 密碼；口令

breakdown n. 故障

過渡詞匯

download vt. 下載

hesitate vi. / vt. 猶豫

surf vi. （互聯網上）沖浪；瀏覽

site n. 位置；場所；地點

inverted commas 引號

separate adj. 單獨的；分開的

per prep. 每一；每

詞匯短語園地

1. contain vt. 包含；包括；裝有；容納

The book contains twenty pictures.

這本書含有20幅圖。

The classroom can contain 60 people.

這個教室可容納60人。

比較：contain和include的區(qū)別

（1） contain側重所含的量與成分。

The basket contains a variety of fruits.

這籃子里裝有各種水果。

This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.

這種飲料不含任何酒精。

（2） include側重于對比整體與部分，指某整體包含或容納某部分。

The money I gave you included Xiao Zhang’s.

我給你的錢里包括了小張的錢。

This dictionary is 100 yuan， postage included.

這本詞典連郵費共一百元。

（3） include常以including（名詞或代詞前）或included（名詞或代詞后）的形式出現在短語中，用來舉例、解釋或補充說明。

There are ten of us here， including three girls.

= There are ten of us here， three girls included.

Everybody has something to say， me included.

= Everybody has something to say， including me.

2. design vt. n. 設計

The experiment is designed to test the new medicine.

實驗的目的是試驗新藥。

Who designed the Water Cube？

誰設計了水立方？

This building is a bad design.

這棟樓是一個失敗的設計。

design for 為……設計

be designed for/to do 專為……而做（設置）

by design 故意地；有意地

have designs on 對……抱不良企圖

3. create vt. 創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明

An artist should create beautiful things.

一個藝術家應該創(chuàng)造美麗的東西。

The government plans to create more jobs for young people.

政府計劃為年輕人創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機會。

比較：discover，create，invent，find的區(qū)別

discover發(fā)現，發(fā)現的事物是本來存在但沒人知道的；create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)造新的事物；invent發(fā)明，通過研究制造出從前沒有的東西；find找到，發(fā)現，強調找到某物的結果，不強調過程。

4. shorten vt. 縮短

The days shorten in November in this country.

在這個國家，白天在十一月會變短。

The teacher told me to shorten my report to one page.

老師讓我把報告縮短為一頁。

5. breakdown n. 故障；失??；（身體）垮掉

I don’t know how to deal with the network breakdown？

我不知道如何處理網絡故障？

He couldn’t work after his breakdown.

他病倒以后，就不能工作了。

break down 出故障；壞掉；失敗；垮掉；把……分類；劃分；分解

The machine has broken down.

這臺機器出故障了。

Our car broke down on the motorway.

我們的汽車在高速公路上拋錨了。

Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

雙方談判失敗了。

Each lesson is broken down into several units.

每一課都分成幾部分。

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。

6. disadvantage n. 弊端；缺點

If you don’t speak good English， you’ll be at a big disadvantage when you try to get a job.

你要是英語講得不好，找工作時就會處于非常不利的情況。

What is the disadvantage of using water power？

使用水能有何弊端？

常用搭配：to one’s disadvantage 對某人不利

7. defence n. 保護；防衛(wèi)

defence后接入侵者或造成危害者用against；若后接被保護者用of。

A thick coat is a good defence against the cold.

一件厚衣服足可以御寒。

People used to build strong walls round their towns as a defence against enemies.

人們從前在城鎮(zhèn)四周修筑城墻來抵御敵人。

This fort was once the main defence of the island.

這座堡壘曾經是這個島上的主要防御設施。

常用搭配：in defence of 保衛(wèi)……；為……辨護

They fought in defence of their country.

他們?yōu)楸Ｐl(wèi)祖國而戰(zhàn)。

Hundreds of people gave their lives in defence of freedom.

千百人為了自由獻出了自己的生命。

8. average adj. 平均的；一般的；普通的

（1） average通常只能放在名詞前作定語，不用作表語，且沒有比較級。

What was the average temperature yesterday？

昨天的平均氣溫是多少？

The average age of boys in this class is 15.

這個班男生的平均年齡為15歲。

（2） 表示“一般的；普通的”，可用作定語，也可用作表語。

He is just an average student.

他只是個普通的學生。

There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.

這部電影沒什么特別的，只是部普通的電影。

average n. 平均

above/below average 平均水平以上 / 以下

on （an/the） average 平均而言；根據平均標準

the average of ……的平均數

an average of （跟數詞）平均有

注意：the average of...做主語，謂語動詞用單數，意為“……的平均數”；an average of + 復數名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數。

9. independent adj. 獨立的；有主見的；分開的

Mozambique became independent in 1975.

莫桑比克于1975年獨立。

My elder sister has moved away from home and is now

independent.

我姐姐已經搬出去住了，現在她獨立了。

常用搭配：independent of sb/sth 不相關的；不受影響的

I am old enough to be independent of my parents.

我年紀足夠大了，可以不依賴父母了。

10. consist of 由……組成

consist of常用整體作主語，表示“整體由部分組成”，引申為“包含有”，不能用于被動語態(tài)。

This necklace consists of gold and diamond.

這條項鏈由黃金和鉆石組成。

The city consists of five districts.

這個城市有五個區(qū)。

11. as well 也

as well多用于口語中，語氣較輕。通常用于肯定句

或疑問句，一般不用于否定句，且通常放在句末。

I’ll come to London，and my sister will come as well.

我會來倫敦，我的妹妹也會來。

Are they coming as well？

他們也來嗎？

12. concentrate on 聚精會神；集中思想

可直接接名詞或接動詞-ing形式

I can’t concentrate on my studies.

我無法集中精神學習。

Right now we should concentrate on doing some things for our plan.

現在我們應該集中精力為我們的計劃做些事。

13. compared with 與……相比

Compared with our small apartment， our uncle’s house seemed like a palace.

跟我們的小公寓比起來，叔叔的房子就像宮殿。

How does life in Britain compared with life in the States？

與美國的生活相比，英國生活如何？

短語：compare...to... 把……比作……

compare...with... 把……和……比較

14. become/be known as 作為……而出名；

被稱為……；叫作……

She was known as an excellent dancer.

她作為一名優(yōu)秀的舞蹈家而聞名。

These chocolate bars are known as something else in the U.S..

這種巧克力棒在美國有別的叫法。

1. be known for 因……而眾所周知

He was known for his frankness.

他以坦率而著稱。

2. be known to 為……所知

He’s known to the police because of his previous criminal record.

他因以前的犯罪記錄而為警察所知。

15. go down 倒下；（船等）下沉，沉沒，下降；

（將食物、飲料）吞下，咽下，喝下；（物價等）

下跌；（溫度等）下降；（日、月）落到地平線

下，落下

She stripped and went down with a bump.

她絆了一下，重重地倒在地上。

The ship went down with all on board.

這條船連船帶人都沉沒了。

A glass of wine would go down very nicely.

喝一杯葡萄酒就太痛快了。

The price of eggs is going down.

蛋價正在下降。

The color of the sky deepened as the sun went down.

夕陽西下，天空的顏色漸趨深暗。

16. come up with 提出；趕上

We weren’t able to come up with any new suggestions.

我們提不出任何新建議。

We came up with a group of tourists.

我們趕上了一群旅游者。

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not go to classes in school buildings. Instead， they receive their school education by working at home on computers. The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools，” and that is about twice as many as two years ago.

The money for students to go to a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live. Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools. They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.

Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed. These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools. They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school.

Whatever the judgment of cyberschools， they are getting more and more popular. For example， a new cybershool called Common-wealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall. It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.

Children get free equipment for their online education. This includes a computer， a printer， books and technical services. Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computer when necessary.

Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another. But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time. They were guests honor at their graduation.

1. What do we know about students of a cyberschool？

A. They have to take long bus rides to school.

B. They do well in traditional school programs.

C. They study at home rather than in classrooms.

D. They receive money from traditional public schools.

2. What is a problem with cyberschools？

A. The equipment costs a lot of money.

B. The students find it hard to make friends.

C. They get little support from the state government.

D. It’s hard to know students’ progress in learning.

3. Why are Cyberschools getting more popular？

A. They are less expensive.

B. They serve students in a wider age range.

C. Students can work at their own speed.

D. Graduates are more successful in society.

4. How can students in cybershools ask the teachers questions？

A. By watching TV.

B. By writing letters.

C. By attending meetings.

D. By telephone or sending emails.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

1. A small ____ of the farm produce was ruined.

2. The only ____ to the farmhouse is crossing the road.

3. Do you know the ____ of the Amazon River？

4. I thought the building was going to ____ .

5. This soldier died in ____ of his country.

6. This library ____ a large number of foreign language reference books.

7. You ____ into your email account via the Web to send email.

8. The book is ____ to be used in two ways.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. This computer contain a large number of electronic

switches.___

2. How many players does a team consist in your school？___

3. Not only the students but his English teacher were invited

as well.___

4. You should have a rest if you want to avoid breakdown.___

句子翻譯

1. 因特網使我們和更多人交流成為可能。

2. 開車時駕駛員的注意力要集中在路上。

3. 我想你錯了。你應該拿出更好的想法。

4. 與城市相比，農村非常安靜。

單項選擇

1. All students have free access ___ the library.

A. byB. to

C. forD. in

2. ___ the next ten years， our population will grow by about one million people.

A. ForB. From

C. SinceD. Within

3. ___ 2015， China’s total population will be kept under 1.5 billion.

A. BeforeB. As

C. ByD. To

4. He got home before the sun ___ .

A. went downB. came down

C. got downD. crashed down

5. — It’s too hot. Would you mind my opening the door？

— ___ Please do it now.

A. No problem.B. Certainly not.

C. Of course.D. Good idea.

6. The foreigner can speak English， and he can speak French ___ .

A. eitherB. also

C. as well asD. as well

7. Sorry， Mary isn’t at home ___ . May I take a message？

A. at the momentB. in a moment

C. for a momentD. after a moment

8. The new book ______ 7 modules， ___ one main revision.

A. contains； includingB. includes； included

C. contains； includedD. includes； including

跟蹤導練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

1. Can you give me a（n） ____ answer by tomorrow？

2. The computer is one of the most important ____ in the world.

3. Our headmaster is ____ to the students.

4. Although she is young， she is very ____ . She can do homework without asking for help.

5. We will have to take ____ action against the terrorists.

6. You can’t take photographs here without ____ .

7. Unless he stops driving himself like this he’ll have a（n） ____ .

8. The name of the ____ should be shown on the cover.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. Whether this happened with design or not， we shall never know.

___

2. You must concentrate all your energies in the study of English.

___

3. We often compare Beijing with the heart of our country.___

4. This data showed that the lake was badly polluting.___

句子翻譯

1. 作為一個學生，掌握一門外語是很重要的。

2. 它作為一只聰明的狗而出名。

3. 我們沒有理由嘲笑其他人。

4. 我們看到一匹馬在飛速奔跑。

單項選擇

1. If you compare his work ___ hers， you’ll find hers is much better.

A. forB. by

C. toD. with

2. — What do you remember Alexander Graham Bell as？

— As ___ inventor of ___ telephone.

A. /； theB. the； the

C. the； /D. /； /

3. We can achieve much information ___ the Internet.

A. withB. in

C. atD. on

4. Prices are going up all the time； it seems they will never ___ .

A. go awayB. go down

C. go backD. go by

5. The writer ___ his own special language.

A. designedB. discovered

C. foundD. created

6. Peace talks between the two countries have ___ with no agreement reached.

A. broken inB. broken down

C. broken upD. broken out

7. He asked who ___ this new design for the library.

A. came up withB. put up with

C. kept up withD. caught up with

8. Tomorrow is ___ Teachers’ Day and we’ll make ___ card for our English teacher.

A. /； /B. /； a

C. the； aD. the； /

完形填空

“Fire！ Fire！” It was a large old wooden house and my room was on the top floor. I 1 out of bed， opened the door and stepped out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke.

I began to run， but I was still only 2 . The smoke grew 3 and I could see flames around. I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window. But 4 I could reach it， one of my feet was caught in something 5 and I fell down. The thing I had fallen over felt like a bundle （捆） of clothes， and I picked it up to 6 my face from the smoke and heat.

I saw a flaming door-way in front， and I put the bundle over my face and ran. The flames burned me terribly， but I got 7 . As I reached the cold air outside， my bundle of clothes gave a thin cry. A woman in a borrowed night dress and a man’s coat screamed （尖叫） as she saw me and came running 8 . “My baby！” she cried. I had some difficulty in 9 her voice. She was Mayor’s wife， and I had 10 her baby.

1. A. jumpedB. stoodC. lookedD. kept

2. A. half-wokenB. impressedC. organisedD. abandoned

3. A. thickerB. biggerC. smallerD. thinner

4. A. asB. afterC. beforeD. until

5. A. hardB. bigC. smallD. soft

6. A. hideB. washC. coverD. pass

7. A. upB. throughC. overD. along

8. A. slowlyB. carefullyC. angrilyD. madly

9. A. making outB. making upC. making offD. making sure

10. A. helpedB. savedC. foundD. hurt

跟蹤導練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

1. On ____ men smoke more cigarettes than women.

2. Can you ____ me to win the first place？

3. The washing machine has two serious ____ .

4. He comes to visit me ____ ， usually three or four times a week.

5. ____ ！ You should be proud of yourself.

6. A week ago you made a（n） ____ promise.

7. In China farming is no longer completely ____ on the weather.

8. I wish you would ____ on your profession.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. Some people read the books or watch TV while

others have sports.___

2. More than 80 per cent of the population is workers.___

3. My own problems seem nothing comparing with other

people’s.___

4. The number of known mistakes in this passage rose from 32.

___

句子翻譯

1. 我想講清楚，我不同意這個計劃。

2. 這個班學生的平均年齡為15歲。

3. 當我看見那個男孩時，另一輛車就超過我了。

4. 在我看來，這是一個重要的文件。

單項選擇

1. An average of ten students ___ passed the exam each class.

A. wasn’tB. weren’t

C. hasn’tD. haven’t

2. I agree with most of what you said， but I don’t agree with ___ .

A. somethingB. anything

C. nothingD. everything

3. As a teacher， she made ___ her duty to look after all the students.

A. thisB. it

C. thatD. one

4. We hope we’ll soon ___ our disappointment and be happy again.

A. take offB. put up

C. go downD. get over

5. Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ___ tool.

A. /； aB. /； the

C. the； aD. the； the

6. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.

A. the； aB. the； the

C. a； aD. a； the

7. This area experienced ___ heaviest rainfall in ___ month of May.

A. /； aB. the； a

C. a； theD. the； the

8. They walked along ___ Yellow River for two hours before they arrived ___ home.

A. /； /B. the； /

C. the； theD. /； the

閱讀表達（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。）

In the morning， Slim got up and prepared breakfast for his wife as usual. Nicole， his wife， was listening to music in the bedroom. Suddenly， Slim felt that his body was shaking. He had the rapid response that there was an earthquake！ He shouted quickly， “Dear， earthquake！ Go to the toilet！” Nicole heard the shouting， took the first-aid box quickly and ran into the toilet. The house was shaking even more dramatically （劇烈地）.

Bathroom was the next door to the kitchen. Slim picked up a kitchen knife and two pieces of bread outside the kitchen. He tried to run along the wall to help Nicole. However， there was a dark suddenly with an explosion. The house crashed down and many things fell from above. Nicole was quickly buried in ruins. She felt it very difficult to breathe and tried to stand up， but impossible.

A few minutes later， the land was silent. Nicole heard the sound of short breath and thought it was Slim！ She shouted to him but made no answer！ He probably fainted （暈倒）. Nicole kept calling his name and she finally heard a response. The two people encouraged and calmed each other. They knew that there must be a way to escape.

Slim found that they were close and were separated by the fallen stones and some powder. He started to dig （挖） with the kitchen knife. He felt pain in his fingers. Finally， he removed the last piece of larger stones. Slim touched Nicole’s one hand， then dug the surrounding stones of her body. Finally， Nicole was able to move slowly. They sat on the ground and hugged together.

1. What was Nicole doing when Slim was preparing breakfast？ （Within 5 words）

2. What did Nicole take when she heard Slim shouting？ （Within 3 words）

3. Why did Nicole feel difficult to breathe？ （Within 6 words） .

4. How did Slim get Nicole out of the ruins？ （Within 10 words）

5. What can we say about Slim as a husband？ （Within 5 words）

跟蹤導練（四）

閱讀理解

Some teenagers are crossing their dream colleges off their lists. Others are thinking of giving up their senior trips or reducing prom costs. Many are finding their work hours cut while their expenses rise.

So， who exactly is punishing them？ Is it their parents， teachers or employers？ No， it’s the economy.

If you are like most teenagers， you probably don’t understand what “recession （經濟蕭條）”， “negative economic growth” and “subprime mortgage crisis （次貸危機）” actually mean. And you probably don’t spend your days watching the ups and downs of the stock market.

It’s safe to say that most teens don’t know much about the economy except for one thing： it’s bad. But just how exactly is the economy affecting teens？

“The single largest thing I have noticed is the recession’s ability to affect my college choice，” said Heather Richars from Downey High School in California， US. “With the economic situation the way it is， I have thought less about going to a private or out of state university， and more about public schools in California， mainly because of the price of tuition，” said Richars. “I had been a fan of attending a private school up until this year.”

The economy cuts into other areas of teenagers’ lives，too.

Joey Camarda， a student at Modesto High School in California， who works at an ice cream store， said， “Probably due to the economy， I have been getting less time at my job， and because of that， I am not getting enough money to help pay for college.”

Tara Mooney， a senior at Beyer High School， has also begun to notice that money is tight.

“Things are getting expensive，” she said. “When it comes to applying for colleges and wanting to go on senior trips， I have to pick and choose instead of doing it all.”

1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that the teenagers ___ .

A. are short of money

B. want to go to college

C. are busy looking for work

D. have to work hard to live a better life

2. How did Joey Camarda find the recession affect him？

A. He had to find more part time jobs.

B. He had to help his mother do more housework.

C. He had found that he had more time to study.

D. His plan to pay for college would be hard to realize.

3. What does the underlined words “pick and choose” probably mean？

A. To look for.

B. To be very serious.

C. To make a careful choice.

D. To examine from head to foot.

4. Which should be the best title of the text？

A. Teen’s lives affected by economy

B. A world affected by recession

C. Teenagers’ worry about their future

D. Negative economy growth around the world

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

1. The Internet has ____ thousands of millionaires.

2. They opened the door， removed the two money bags ____ $279，000.

3. The magican’s next trick will ____ you.

4. We can’t ____ to waste time training a dog.

5. The letter is too long. Can you ____ it a little？

6. I happen to have the latest population ____ with me.

7. He has done no work and hasn’t any chance of ____ the exam.

8. ____ with other people， she was indeed lucky.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. Statistics shows that there are more boys than girls at school.

___

2. I was on a disadvantage because I don’t speak English.___

3. His brother has turned a writer. He is chairman of the meeting.

___

4. I would like to become completely independent from my parents.

___

句子翻譯

1. 如果你需要更多的信息，別猶豫聯系我。

2. 未經許可你不能進來。

3. 我們不得不縮短我們的午餐時間。

4. 這些練習是為幫助英語差的同學設計的。

單項選擇

1. The singer usually sings while playing ___ guitar.

A. aB. /

C. anD. the

2. ___ the books and let me get into the bag.

A. Take outB. Take off

C. Take overD. Take in

3. Speaking of all the songs he has written， I think this is probably his ___ one.

A. well-knownB. better-known

C. most-knownD. best-known

4. We always have ___ rice for ___ lunch.

A. /； /B. the； /

C. /； theD. the； the

5. — What about a bicycle for your birthday？

— Great， but I would like ___ bicycle.

A. a ten-speedB. ten-speed

C. a ten-speedsD. ten speeds

6. — Would you like a dress？

— ___

A. It’s nice to be here.B. No， I am afraid I can’t.

C. Yes， I would like a red one.D. Right， see you.

7. He did not hesitate for a minute ___ the child.

A. savingB. to save

C. saveD. to saving

8. We shall take ___ measures to stop air pollution.

A. a series ofB. a series

C. series ofD. the series of