巧記10個(gè)虛擬詞

英語中有些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句或某些主語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞，常用虛擬語氣——“(should)十動(dòng)詞原形”。這些動(dòng)詞要逐個(gè)記憶是比較困難的，下面介紹幾個(gè)巧記方法:

1．“一、二、三、四”法。即：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。

一個(gè)“堅(jiān)持(insist)”:

The doctor insisted that I(should)give up smoking. 醫(yī)生堅(jiān)持要我戒煙。

兩個(gè)“命令(order，command)”:

The general ordered that the enemy soldiers (should)lay down their arms.將軍命令敵兵放下武器。

He commanded that all his men(should)get to the front before darkness.他命令部下天黑前趕到前線。

三個(gè)“建議(suggest,propose,advise)”：

The headmaster suggested that we (should)make better use of our spare time.

校長建議我們更好地利用業(yè)余時(shí)間。

The teacher proposed that John(should) get down to his study.老師建議約翰靜下心來好好學(xué)習(xí)。

They advised that steps(should)be taken at once.他們建議馬上采取措施。

四個(gè)“要求(demand, require, request, ask)”：

The teacher demanded that the students(should)hand in the paper before eleven.

老師要求學(xué)生11點(diǎn)前交卷。

Father requires that his son (should) not make such noise in the room.爸爸要求孩子別在屋里大嚷。

The workers requested that the working conditions (should) be further improved.

工人們要求進(jìn)一步改善工作條件。

She asks that he (should) be given an opportunity to try this method.他要求給他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)試驗(yàn)這辦法。

2.“Discrop(無收獲)”法。由這個(gè)詞的每一個(gè)字母聯(lián)想一個(gè)詞或兩個(gè)詞: demand, insist, suggest, command, request，require, order, propose.

3.用句聯(lián)想法。由句子“I drop cars”的每一個(gè)字母聯(lián)想一個(gè)或兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞:insist, demand, request, order, propose, command, advise，ask, require, suggest.

注意:這三種方法只是幫助記憶的一些方法。其實(shí)，除這十個(gè)動(dòng)詞外，還有些動(dòng)詞，如remember, prefer等后面的賓語從句也常用虛擬語氣。就是上面列的十個(gè)動(dòng)詞后也不一定非用虛擬語氣不可，在口語中不用虛擬語氣的情況也是有的。如：

He insisted that Shanghai is still the biggest part in China.(賓語從句表示的是十分確定的事實(shí))。

His accent suggests that he is from Shandong. (suggest不當(dāng)“建議”講，而是作“暗示”。)

Tom insistedthat he didnt go there last night. (insist不當(dāng)“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講 ，而是當(dāng)“堅(jiān)持說”。）