李洪仁,胡天慧
(沈陽大學(xué) 理學(xué)院,遼寧 沈陽 110044)
自動電位滴定中的一階導(dǎo)數(shù)二階導(dǎo)數(shù)滴定曲線的繪制
李洪仁,胡天慧
(沈陽大學(xué) 理學(xué)院,遼寧 沈陽 110044)
電位滴定經(jīng)常用一階導(dǎo)數(shù)、二階導(dǎo)數(shù)滴定曲線法判斷滴定終點(diǎn),其計(jì)算量大,不易準(zhǔn)確確定終點(diǎn).為了在實(shí)驗(yàn)測定中快速判斷終點(diǎn),使用Excel電子表格處理自動電位滴定實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),首先根據(jù)電位滴定數(shù)據(jù)處理數(shù)學(xué)模式,建立電位滴定數(shù)據(jù)處理表格,再根據(jù)計(jì)算模式加入計(jì)算公式,完成自動計(jì)算、作圖.該數(shù)據(jù)處理方法可以由使用者自行編制,根據(jù)使用者情況作相應(yīng)修改.結(jié)果表明,該方法操作簡便,可以在滴定分析數(shù)據(jù)處理中推廣使用.
自動電位滴定;一階導(dǎo)數(shù);二階導(dǎo)數(shù);滴定曲線
電位滴定過程中測定數(shù)據(jù)為電位(E)和滴定劑體積(V).內(nèi)插法就是選擇兩個相鄰數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)計(jì)算斜率,然后用斜率對體積作圖,即可得到一階導(dǎo)數(shù)曲線,一階導(dǎo)數(shù)相鄰數(shù)據(jù)對體積求斜率可以得到二階導(dǎo)數(shù),二階導(dǎo)數(shù)對體積作圖可以得到二階導(dǎo)數(shù)曲線.為完成上述計(jì)算應(yīng)建立數(shù)據(jù)表格.
建立Excel數(shù)據(jù)表格如表1.
表1 電位滴定中的一階導(dǎo)數(shù)二階導(dǎo)數(shù)滴定曲線數(shù)據(jù)Table 1 Date of first derivative titration curve and the_________second derivative curve in potential titration___V/m L E/m V ΔE/ΔV Δ2E/ΔV2
表2 電位滴定中的一階導(dǎo)數(shù)二階導(dǎo)數(shù)滴定曲線數(shù)據(jù)Table 2 Date of first derivative titration curve and the second derivative curve in potential titration
圖1 電勢-滴定體積曲線Fig.1 Curve of E-V
圖2 一階導(dǎo)數(shù)-滴定體積曲線Fig.2 Curve of first derivative titration-V
圖3 二階導(dǎo)數(shù)-滴定體積曲線Fig.3 Curve of second derivative titration-V
一階導(dǎo)數(shù)峰點(diǎn)對應(yīng)體積為終點(diǎn)體積;二階導(dǎo)數(shù)正負(fù)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)對應(yīng)體積為終點(diǎn)體積.
將數(shù)據(jù)圖表設(shè)置打印區(qū)域,設(shè)置適當(dāng)字體,可以根據(jù)個人喜好選擇打印形式.
本方法顯示電位滴定過程中的數(shù)據(jù)處理快,只要將實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)填入表格,一階導(dǎo)數(shù)、二階導(dǎo)數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)自動完成計(jì)算,圖表也能自動生成,不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)批次只要將圖坐標(biāo)軸數(shù)據(jù)范圍略微調(diào)整即可,使用極為方便,并可以將圖打印出來.適合于自動電位滴定終點(diǎn)判斷.不足之處是二階導(dǎo)數(shù)曲線轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)處折線相連,有待進(jìn)一步研究.
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Drawings of First Derivative Curve and Second Derivative Curve in Automatic Potential Titration
LI Hongren,HUTianhui
(School of Science,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China)
The curves of the first derivative titration and the second derivative are often used in potential titration in order to determine the end of titration.It needs a large number of calculations of data and is difficult to accurately determine the endpoint.The using of Excel in processing experimental data of automatic potential titration was discussed,according to the mathematical models of potential titration data processing.An electronic sheet of data process of the potential titration was built,according to the models of calculation.Formula was added in sheet.The detailed steps of the program and the methods of titration data-processing are discussed.The chart can be drawn automatically as well.The data processing method can be prepared by the user,according to the user's situation.This method can be spread in the use of other analysis data processing.
automatic potential titration;first derivative;second derivative;titration curves
O 64
A
1008-9225(2012)01-0068-03
2011-11-25
李洪仁(1964-),男,遼寧北鎮(zhèn)人,沈陽大學(xué)副教授.
王 穎】