句子:政府三令五申任何單位不得私設(shè)小金庫(kù)。
誤譯:The government has repeatedly issued orders that no unit is allowed to set up a private little treasury.
正譯:The government has repeatedly issued orders that no unit is allowed to set up hidden reserves.
解釋?zhuān)簍reasury有兩個(gè)意思,一是泛指“寶庫(kù)”或“金庫(kù)”;二是專(zhuān)指 “財(cái)政部”。
“金庫(kù)”的第一個(gè)意思是“經(jīng)管?chē)?guó)家預(yù)算資金收支的機(jī)構(gòu)”,即“國(guó)庫(kù)”。英語(yǔ)可譯為 state treasury, national treasury?!敖饚?kù)”的第二個(gè)意思是“金融機(jī)構(gòu)或企業(yè)存放日常備用現(xiàn)金的地方”。英語(yǔ)可譯為treasury, coffers。“金庫(kù)”的第三個(gè)意思是“銀行存放貴重物品的地方”。英語(yǔ)可以譯為bank vault。
“小金庫(kù)”不是指存放錢(qián)的小型金庫(kù),譯為little treasury 是不合適的?!靶〗饚?kù)”的第一個(gè)意思是指“在單位財(cái)務(wù)以外另立賬目、私自存放和支配的公款”??勺g為unauthorized departmental coffers, hidden coffers, hidden reserves, off-book accounts。例如:1. 中國(guó)最近作出新的努力治理被稱(chēng)為小金庫(kù)的違法賬目。China has recently made a new effort to stamp out illicit accounts known as hidden coffers.
“小金庫(kù)”的第二個(gè)意思是指“家庭成員中個(gè)人私自保存和支配的錢(qián)財(cái)”,即“私房錢(qián)”。英語(yǔ)可以譯為 secret assets。例如:2. 大多數(shù)妻子相信她們的丈夫沒(méi)有小金庫(kù),而她們緊緊掌管著家庭錢(qián)財(cái)。Most wives believe their husbands have no secret assets and they have a grip on their family purse strings. ▲
(本欄目供稿:王逢鑫教授)