• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    The Study of Three-paragraph Argumentative Writings under Scaffolding Theory

    2009-06-17 09:20:16羅明禮
    讀與寫·教育教學(xué)版 2009年11期
    關(guān)鍵詞:副教授樂山外國語

    1 Introduction

    English is learned as a foreign language (EFL) in China. Writing of the four language learning skills is a kind of creative thinking activities as well as a dynamic and interactive process. The teaching of Three-paragraph Argumentative Writing, which is a weak part for English majors in TEM-4 and TEM-8, is crucial in college English instruction. For decades, the teaching of writing at the tertiary level has been product-centered. The emphasis is on“style, organization, and correctness” (Hairston,1982). However, in class both teachers and students ignore the importance of planning before writing. The author with the experience of 7 years of teaching English writing courses finds the main causes why many students fail to write Three-paragraph Argumentative Writings well as follows: lacking sufficient input of English argumentative reading materials, transferring Chinese thinking modes to express their ideas in English, and lacking frequent and sufficient writing, including the long-standing formed habit without conscious planning before writing in English. These factors apparently cause their low level of free writing in argumentative writings. This paper reviews the application of Scaffolding Theory in writings, and proposes a series of training strategies of blank-filling writing, guided writing, controlled writing, and planning before writing.

    2 Problems of Three-paragraph Writings

    There are some problems in writings instruction which are considerable for both writing teachers and their students. In class writing teachers convey more theories or rules on how to write argumentative writings, but their students frequently make errors as follows: 1) their writings are not argumentative; 2) their expressions are Chinese-like, out of logic, and with more mistakes in grammar; 3) the forms of their writings are not in agreement with their meanings; and 4) the viewpoints or ideas of students cannot be found in their writings. The biggest problem with EFL writing for English majors is that they don't want to write and write too little. When students are asked to write argumentative compositions in class, they always complain about the tasks of writings with 200 words or so in limited time within 35minutes. In fact, most students cannot complete the limited-time tasks. In the authors eyes, students very much like to shift the pattern of Chinese narrative writings to English argumentative writings. Take topic assigned by writing teachers Advertisements on TV as an example, most students begin their first sentence with With the development of Chinas economic, we can now see there are many advertisements on TV. This sentence cannot be regarded as the topic sentence, for it does not contain a theme—rheme structure, which is the “basic form of the organization of the clause as message” (Halliday, 1985, p.53). Also for him the “basic unit of language in use is not a word or a sentence, but a text” (Halliday, 1970, p.160). The key factor, based on the analyses above, is that students do not form the habit of planning — planning before their writing.

    3 Scaffolding Theory

    Scaffolding has been used successfully as an instructional technique for many years. The term “scaffolding” was first used by Jerome Bruner (1986) in his book Actual Minds, Possible Worlds to describe the assistance that a teacher gives a student to help him/her safely take risks and reach higher than would be possible by the students efforts alone. Bruner used the term to talk about the way caregivers assist young children in learning by: 1) the joint construction of language; 2)gradually withdrawing their support as children gain independent mastery of the language. Frances Christie (2005) points out that the term scaffold is “a metaphor taken from the building industry. It refers to the way scaffolds sustain and support people who are constructing a building. The scaffolds are withdrawn once the building has taken shape and is able to support itself independently” (p.42-43).

    Hammond and Gibbons (2001) note that “A major feature of the term ‘scaffolding is its ability to capture the role of the ‘expert, or more knowledgeable, in assisting students learning, and the role of that knowledgeable other in extending studentscurrent levels of understanding or current capabilities.” A scaffolding experience allows a student to move away from assistance, to become an independent learner able to transfer the acquired understanding to new contexts. Given this premise, a teacher must recognize when to withdraw support and to move intentionally away, allowing the student to apply and transfer knowledge in new ways. Scaffolding is also seen in instructional design as the intentional planning of curricula to organize tasks and activities in such a way as to build understanding. Thus, scaffolding occurs at both the micro (the individual teacher/student interaction) and the macro (the program or organization) level, and both elements are presumably active in learning environments where good pedagogy takes place.

    Scaffolding is therefore important in writing instruction. Strong instructional programs recognize the need to design curricula that purposefully builds knowledge, introducing skills and concepts in logical and meaningful increments that provide students a firm, factual foundation in content. While, teachers in the program must be adept at scaffolding at the micro level by providing instruction and assistance that challenges and motivates individual students to construct and transfer new knowledge and understanding.

    4 Strategies of training

    4.1 Blank-filling writing

    The theory of blank-filling (gap-filling) writing dates to the schema theory first proposed the concept of schema or schemata (plural) by Bartlett (1932, 1958). Later Rumelhart (1980) further developed the schema concept. Schema can be categorized as: formal schema and content one. The writing schema serves as a good introduction to the idea, which needs both of the two schema. For foreign language learners, the content schema is prior to the formal schema. With the development of students foreign language competence and accumulation of knowledge, the content schema can gradually change, enrich, and renew; the formal schema such as regularities, styles, based on the great many of drills, can be autonomous from the three stages of cognition, association, and autonomy. Writers should pay more attention to the unity, coherence, conciseness, and the regularities of English expression.

    Blank-filling writing is effective and helpful for students to construct the frame of argumentative writing. As English majors, they have accumulated many fair argumentative writings, which help them to imitate according to the samples. The author will give an example as follows:

    My Understanding of Friendship

    Friendship, in a broad sense, exists between all human beings. If you are a peasant, _____________.In return, ________. Your friends make your work and life possible and easier.

    Friendship, of course, between familiar people is also important. When we are in trouble, ________; when we are upset, ____________. Friendship makes life more meaningful and beautiful.

    Friendship, in my opinion, should be consistent and lasting. ____________. Real friendship should stand the test of time and hardship.

    4.2 Guided writing

    Guided writing involves the teacher working with small groups of students. In guided writing students apply the understandings they have gained from model and shared writing sessions, with varying degrees of support from the teacher. The students explore aspects of the writing process, which have been demonstrated. The teacher predetermines the teaching focus from observations and analysis of students' writing. The session is focused on specific aspects of writing that students need to develop.

    Susan Hill (1999) explains the functions about guided writing in her book Guiding Literacy Learners: Guided writing involves individuals or small groups of students writing a range of text types. The teacher may provide short mini-lessons to demonstrate a particular aspect of text type, grammar, punctuation or spelling. Guided writing is linked to reading and various text types are used as models. Students may use writing frames or templates as scaffold for writing. Therefore, Guided writing is useful for a range of teaching purposes, which will vary, depending on the developmental stage and the needs of the students. Guided Writing uses effective guided instruction methods to build the strong scaffolding needed for students to learn, master, and enjoy the craft of writing. The following example based on the outline can be shown the approach to guided wiring.

    On Honesty

    Honesty means speaking the truth and being fair and upright in act. 1) Considered as a virtue, 2) One who lies and cheats… 3) Dishonesty is generally…

    As…says,“Honesty is the best policy.” 1) If… (importance of honesty)2) People …(attitudes toward honest and dishonest people)3) If… (importance to success)4) Therefore…(conclusion).

    Many people, however, try various dishonest means in order to get what they want. 1) For… (example: by bribery or lies) 2) Some… (example: plagiarism in academic works)3) Others … (example: cheating in exams)4) … (your attitude toward this).

    4.3 Controlled writing

    Controlled writing means that the students writing would be limited in a special field. The value of teaching controlled writing as beginning in the acquisition of writing skills is undisputed and while the methods are well-defined and materials plentiful. Basic to composition skill is control of sentence structure and accuracy in mechanics. The following outline can show the teacher how to train his students ability to write the Three-paragraph Argumentative Writing based on the approach to controlled writing

    A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television

    Thesis:TV is the most effective medium for advertising.

    Paragraph 1: TV is the most popular medium that reaches almost every family.

    a. Computers:expensive, not needed by every family.

    b. Newspapers and magazines: not subscribed by every family.

    Paragraph 2: TV commercials are best remembered with sound, pictures and actions.

    a. Newspapers and magazines: words but no sound and actions.

    b. Radios: sound but no pictures and actions.

    Paragraph 3: TV commercials are rarely missed.

    a. Arranged between hot shows.

    b. Appearing at best time of day.

    c. Seen at random.

    Conclusion:To achieve the best effect,business organizations should promote their products and services on TV.

    4.4 Planning before writing

    Free composition is that euphoric stage where the student has mastered sufficient language skills and organization to be able to handle the writing of a chosen topic when given only a specific amount of time and definite length. It helps the student discover ideas and gather materials. It also is an exercise in which he writes quickly off the top of his head with no judgment intended. It is useful, on occasion, for getting a writing project started, but it is also the most common warm up exercise used by professional writers. For English majors, they may try focused free-writing namely, free-writing with a focus, the topic. It requires them to think about the topic as they get ready. After that, all they need to do is follow the free writing procedure as has been outlined. The advantages of free forming conception writing can be listed as: 1) it increases fluency if writers do it regularly;2) it strengthens the right brain over time. The left brain is strong and pushy; 3) it warms up the brain for higher level activity; 4) it often reveals good ideas which have not previously burst through into consciousness for either writing or maybe living.

    Here is the writing of the examination in the year 2007 in TEM-4: Nowadays the Internet has become part of peoples life, and millions of young people have made friends online. Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Is It Wise to Make Friends Online?

    5 Conclusion

    English is learned as a foreign language (EFL) in China. The biggest problem with EFL writing for English majors is that students dont want to write and write too little. Writing is isolated from other language skills listening, speaking, and reading; there is very little social interaction. More Chinese students have got the habit of thinking in Chinese their native language, which hinders their sufficient comprehensive input. Based on the analyses of the Scaffolding Theory, English majors can foster the awareness of planning before their writings through a series of training strategies like blank-filling writing, guided writing, controlled writing, and planning before writing, which is called as high level of free writing. This series of training show students processes of development in writings from mechanical imitation to autonomous acquisition, from form to content, from low level free writing without planning before writing to high level free writing.

    References:

    [1]Bartlett,F.C. Remembering: An experimental and social study[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932.

    [2]Bartlett, F.C. Thinking[M]. New York: Basic Books, 1958.

    [3]Bruner, J. Actual Minds, Possible Worlds[M]. Harvard: Harvard UP, 1986.

    [4]Christie,F. Language Education in the Primary Years[M]. University of NSW Press: Sydney, 2005.

    [5]Hairston, M. The winds of change: Thomas Kuhn and the revolution in teaching of writing. College Composition and Communication, 33(1), 1982.

    [6]Halliday, M.A.K.“Language Structure and Language Function”[A].InJ.Lyons (ed).New Horizons in Linguistics[C].Harmondsworth:Penguin, 1970.

    [7]Halliday, M.A.K. An Introduction to Functional Grammar(2nd ed.)[M]. London: Edward and Arnold, 1985/1996.

    [8]Hammond, J & Gibbons, P. What is Scaffolding? In Scaffolding: Teaching and Learning in Literacy Education, ed. J. Hammond. Primary English Teaching Association, Sydney, 2001.

    [9]Hill, S. Guiding literacy learners; focus on literacy. Eleanor Curtain. Armadale, Victoria, 1999.

    [10]Rumelhart, D. E. Schemata: the building blocks of cognition. In R.J. Spiro, B.C. Bruce, & W.F. Brewer (eds.) Theoretical issues in reading comprehension. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawreence Erlbaum Associates, 1980.

    作者簡(jiǎn)介:羅明禮(1966-)男,樂山師范學(xué)院外國語學(xué)院副教授,碩士。研究方向:英語教育理論與實(shí)踐,英語寫作。

    猜你喜歡
    副教授樂山外國語
    程建新副教授
    牛紅巖副教授簡(jiǎn)介
    文化遺蹤——峨眉山—樂山大佛
    高鵬副教授
    張燕副教授
    樂山師范學(xué)院特殊教育專業(yè)介紹
    食在四川,味在樂山
    《贈(zèng)樂山五言律詩軸》
    An Analysis on Holden’s Anti-hero Imagein The Catcher in the Rye
    鄭州外國語學(xué)校
    三级毛片av免费| 精品久久久久久电影网| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 国产精品久久久av美女十八| 丝袜在线中文字幕| 亚洲精品一卡2卡三卡4卡5卡 | 久久人妻熟女aⅴ| 国产精品一区二区免费欧美 | 国产精品免费视频内射| 国产精品一区二区精品视频观看| 老司机亚洲免费影院| 色老头精品视频在线观看| 亚洲精品国产色婷婷电影| 巨乳人妻的诱惑在线观看| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久久| 99热网站在线观看| 在线看a的网站| 精品国产一区二区三区四区第35| 高清欧美精品videossex| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 久久天躁狠狠躁夜夜2o2o| 国产一卡二卡三卡精品| 欧美乱码精品一区二区三区| 国产区一区二久久| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 国产不卡av网站在线观看| 国产视频一区二区在线看| 天堂8中文在线网| 午夜老司机福利片| 黄频高清免费视频| 国产av一区二区精品久久| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 最黄视频免费看| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 久久久久国内视频| 天堂俺去俺来也www色官网| 亚洲欧洲精品一区二区精品久久久| 如日韩欧美国产精品一区二区三区| 色精品久久人妻99蜜桃| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| 国产福利在线免费观看视频| 精品亚洲成a人片在线观看| 9191精品国产免费久久| av天堂久久9| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 超色免费av| 精品福利永久在线观看| 人成视频在线观看免费观看| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 在线观看免费视频网站a站| 女人高潮潮喷娇喘18禁视频| 国产xxxxx性猛交| 老汉色∧v一级毛片| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区mp4| 美国免费a级毛片| 91九色精品人成在线观看| 黄色毛片三级朝国网站| 天天躁日日躁夜夜躁夜夜| 一区二区三区四区激情视频| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 在线观看人妻少妇| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 丰满少妇做爰视频| 亚洲 欧美一区二区三区| 久久久久久久精品精品| 看免费av毛片| 丝袜美足系列| 人妻久久中文字幕网| 日韩大码丰满熟妇| 99国产精品一区二区蜜桃av | 精品国产乱子伦一区二区三区 | 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 99久久综合免费| 777久久人妻少妇嫩草av网站| 黄网站色视频无遮挡免费观看| netflix在线观看网站| 欧美一级毛片孕妇| 亚洲性夜色夜夜综合| 亚洲国产欧美网| 黄色片一级片一级黄色片| 一边摸一边做爽爽视频免费| 黑人猛操日本美女一级片| 欧美日韩中文字幕国产精品一区二区三区 | 亚洲第一av免费看| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 亚洲精品久久久久久婷婷小说| 在线观看一区二区三区激情| 精品亚洲乱码少妇综合久久| 侵犯人妻中文字幕一二三四区| 性色av一级| 少妇粗大呻吟视频| 女性被躁到高潮视频| 99久久综合免费| 久久久久久久精品精品| 伦理电影免费视频| 日韩制服骚丝袜av| 国产成人影院久久av| 国产成人精品无人区| 免费高清在线观看日韩| www.av在线官网国产| 久久av网站| 欧美激情极品国产一区二区三区| 国产日韩欧美在线精品| 男人舔女人的私密视频| 亚洲精品国产av蜜桃| 国产视频一区二区在线看| 日韩中文字幕欧美一区二区| 美女视频免费永久观看网站| 亚洲精品一区蜜桃| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 五月天丁香电影| 国产在视频线精品| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区mp4| 成年av动漫网址| 考比视频在线观看| 国产av精品麻豆| 亚洲七黄色美女视频| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 91成年电影在线观看| 久久女婷五月综合色啪小说| 久久天堂一区二区三区四区| 老司机影院毛片| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 中文字幕色久视频| 我的亚洲天堂| 不卡av一区二区三区| 国产亚洲一区二区精品| 欧美 日韩 精品 国产| 嫩草影视91久久| 亚洲国产看品久久| 欧美黑人欧美精品刺激| 91精品三级在线观看| 啦啦啦 在线观看视频| 中文字幕另类日韩欧美亚洲嫩草| 国产免费福利视频在线观看| 大型av网站在线播放| 中文字幕人妻丝袜一区二区| 国产野战对白在线观看| 在线观看免费高清a一片| 久久久久久亚洲精品国产蜜桃av| 久久久久国内视频| 后天国语完整版免费观看| 操美女的视频在线观看| 日韩中文字幕视频在线看片| 老司机福利观看| 正在播放国产对白刺激| 看免费av毛片| 色播在线永久视频| 亚洲精品国产av成人精品| 免费一级毛片在线播放高清视频 | 九色亚洲精品在线播放| 无限看片的www在线观看| 搡老熟女国产l中国老女人| 国产成人a∨麻豆精品| 久久 成人 亚洲| 亚洲 欧美一区二区三区| 精品国产乱子伦一区二区三区 | 天天影视国产精品| 国产淫语在线视频| 美女中出高潮动态图| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区蜜桃| 久久国产精品男人的天堂亚洲| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 久久人妻福利社区极品人妻图片| 成年动漫av网址| www.自偷自拍.com| www.自偷自拍.com| 亚洲男人天堂网一区| 亚洲性夜色夜夜综合| 精品人妻一区二区三区麻豆| 亚洲精品久久成人aⅴ小说| 亚洲第一青青草原| 免费观看人在逋| 久久99一区二区三区| 久久精品国产亚洲av高清一级| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 久久香蕉激情| 高清av免费在线| 亚洲专区字幕在线| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 亚洲国产看品久久| 90打野战视频偷拍视频| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 老司机午夜福利在线观看视频 | 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕| 国产三级黄色录像| 久久天躁狠狠躁夜夜2o2o| 最新在线观看一区二区三区| 欧美精品av麻豆av| 50天的宝宝边吃奶边哭怎么回事| 精品少妇久久久久久888优播| 久久久久久久精品精品| 在线观看免费高清a一片| 91九色精品人成在线观看| 中文字幕精品免费在线观看视频| 不卡av一区二区三区| 2018国产大陆天天弄谢| 少妇的丰满在线观看| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 少妇的丰满在线观看| 国产精品 国内视频| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合妖精| 丝袜在线中文字幕| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久久| 欧美一级毛片孕妇| 丝袜人妻中文字幕| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费| 考比视频在线观看| 久久国产精品男人的天堂亚洲| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 国产亚洲av高清不卡| 手机成人av网站| 中文字幕高清在线视频| 99久久99久久久精品蜜桃| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 精品少妇一区二区三区视频日本电影| 新久久久久国产一级毛片| 大香蕉久久网| 两性夫妻黄色片| 女人精品久久久久毛片| 高潮久久久久久久久久久不卡| 下体分泌物呈黄色| 欧美精品高潮呻吟av久久| 成人免费观看视频高清| 国产欧美日韩一区二区精品| 色综合欧美亚洲国产小说| 精品一区二区三区av网在线观看 | 成年人免费黄色播放视频| 久久性视频一级片| 精品一区在线观看国产| 一级黄色大片毛片| 日韩中文字幕欧美一区二区| 女人被躁到高潮嗷嗷叫费观| 亚洲第一av免费看| 99精品欧美一区二区三区四区| 狠狠婷婷综合久久久久久88av| 久久精品亚洲av国产电影网| 最新在线观看一区二区三区| 青春草亚洲视频在线观看| 黄色a级毛片大全视频| 亚洲精品在线美女| 亚洲成人国产一区在线观看| 欧美日韩亚洲综合一区二区三区_| 菩萨蛮人人尽说江南好唐韦庄| 91精品国产国语对白视频| 夜夜骑夜夜射夜夜干| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 每晚都被弄得嗷嗷叫到高潮| 一个人免费看片子| 91麻豆精品激情在线观看国产 | 久久精品国产亚洲av香蕉五月 | 久久久精品94久久精品| 久久青草综合色| 国产视频一区二区在线看| 在线观看人妻少妇| 国产三级黄色录像| 久9热在线精品视频| 一级毛片电影观看| 一二三四在线观看免费中文在| 国产又色又爽无遮挡免| 最近最新中文字幕大全免费视频| 国产成人影院久久av| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91| 国产免费视频播放在线视频| 亚洲精品国产区一区二| 日本精品一区二区三区蜜桃| 日本av免费视频播放| 青青草视频在线视频观看| 亚洲五月色婷婷综合| 少妇精品久久久久久久| 亚洲少妇的诱惑av| 国产欧美日韩一区二区三 | 老司机影院毛片| 麻豆国产av国片精品| 在线av久久热| 亚洲精品av麻豆狂野| 老司机靠b影院| 岛国毛片在线播放| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 久久精品国产综合久久久| 欧美精品高潮呻吟av久久| 黑丝袜美女国产一区| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 亚洲欧美日韩高清在线视频 | 夜夜骑夜夜射夜夜干| 99久久人妻综合| 国产精品九九99| 亚洲欧美成人综合另类久久久| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 激情视频va一区二区三区| 在线永久观看黄色视频| 大型av网站在线播放| 人人妻人人澡人人看| 丰满迷人的少妇在线观看| 老司机深夜福利视频在线观看 | 在线观看免费午夜福利视频| 看免费av毛片| 成人av一区二区三区在线看 | xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 在线 av 中文字幕| 在线观看免费视频网站a站| 中文欧美无线码| 亚洲国产av影院在线观看| 精品国产国语对白av| 天天影视国产精品| 日韩视频一区二区在线观看| 又大又爽又粗| 精品欧美一区二区三区在线| 精品卡一卡二卡四卡免费| 动漫黄色视频在线观看| 欧美97在线视频| 美女脱内裤让男人舔精品视频| 亚洲人成电影免费在线| 久久午夜综合久久蜜桃| a级毛片黄视频| 午夜福利视频在线观看免费| 国产亚洲欧美在线一区二区| 国产成人影院久久av| 国产男女内射视频| 中文字幕精品免费在线观看视频| 日韩制服丝袜自拍偷拍| 精品人妻熟女毛片av久久网站| 视频在线观看一区二区三区| 老司机福利观看| 国产亚洲精品一区二区www | 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 欧美日韩亚洲国产一区二区在线观看 | svipshipincom国产片| 国产在视频线精品| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 亚洲av日韩在线播放| 国产高清国产精品国产三级| 不卡一级毛片| 久久女婷五月综合色啪小说| 可以免费在线观看a视频的电影网站| 亚洲成人手机| 欧美 日韩 精品 国产| 国产欧美日韩精品亚洲av| 午夜老司机福利片| 一本综合久久免费| 久久精品熟女亚洲av麻豆精品| 免费高清在线观看视频在线观看| 少妇猛男粗大的猛烈进出视频| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂| 99国产精品免费福利视频| 黄片大片在线免费观看| 久久热在线av| 一区二区三区激情视频| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕| 黄频高清免费视频| 国产精品免费大片| 一级黄色大片毛片| 90打野战视频偷拍视频| 欧美另类亚洲清纯唯美| 国产亚洲一区二区精品| 国产免费现黄频在线看| 老司机午夜福利在线观看视频 | 黄片大片在线免费观看| 少妇猛男粗大的猛烈进出视频| 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 狠狠精品人妻久久久久久综合| 大陆偷拍与自拍| 国产亚洲午夜精品一区二区久久| 三上悠亚av全集在线观看| 黄色视频,在线免费观看| 两个人看的免费小视频| 日本91视频免费播放| 欧美精品一区二区免费开放| 五月天丁香电影| av有码第一页| 法律面前人人平等表现在哪些方面 | 欧美午夜高清在线| 亚洲精品久久久久久婷婷小说| 老司机午夜福利在线观看视频 | 久久这里只有精品19| 精品少妇内射三级| 国产精品影院久久| 国产av精品麻豆| 一本色道久久久久久精品综合| 国产精品久久久久成人av| 国产成人系列免费观看| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区黑人| 亚洲综合色网址| 精品福利观看| 久久久欧美国产精品| 久久精品成人免费网站| 久久久精品94久久精品| 欧美成人午夜精品| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 午夜久久久在线观看| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 国产xxxxx性猛交| 国产成人影院久久av| 一区二区三区四区激情视频| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 日本wwww免费看| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 啦啦啦免费观看视频1| 国产欧美日韩一区二区三 | 亚洲第一欧美日韩一区二区三区 | 大片免费播放器 马上看| 十八禁网站网址无遮挡| 国产片内射在线| 久久久国产欧美日韩av| 一区在线观看完整版| 国产精品国产三级国产专区5o| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 丰满迷人的少妇在线观看| 国产主播在线观看一区二区| 国产成人免费观看mmmm| 丝袜在线中文字幕| 亚洲性夜色夜夜综合| 两个人看的免费小视频| 久久国产精品男人的天堂亚洲| 一区二区三区精品91| av不卡在线播放| 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 欧美久久黑人一区二区| 激情视频va一区二区三区| 51午夜福利影视在线观看| 国产成人a∨麻豆精品| 亚洲成av片中文字幕在线观看| 日韩免费高清中文字幕av| 亚洲国产精品一区三区| 亚洲一区中文字幕在线| 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 狠狠狠狠99中文字幕| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 国产视频一区二区在线看| 国产有黄有色有爽视频| 黄色a级毛片大全视频| 日韩电影二区| 99热网站在线观看| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 啦啦啦视频在线资源免费观看| 黄片小视频在线播放| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 亚洲精品在线美女| 麻豆av在线久日| 亚洲自偷自拍图片 自拍| 日韩三级视频一区二区三区| √禁漫天堂资源中文www| 亚洲国产毛片av蜜桃av| 国产欧美日韩综合在线一区二区| 久久人人爽人人片av| 美女脱内裤让男人舔精品视频| 成人18禁高潮啪啪吃奶动态图| 蜜桃在线观看..| 成人18禁高潮啪啪吃奶动态图| 黄片小视频在线播放| 少妇的丰满在线观看| 久久久久久人人人人人| 久久天躁狠狠躁夜夜2o2o| 老司机深夜福利视频在线观看 | 国产精品欧美亚洲77777| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 一进一出抽搐动态| 亚洲欧美激情在线| 51午夜福利影视在线观看| 啦啦啦视频在线资源免费观看| 久久精品国产亚洲av香蕉五月 | 精品亚洲成a人片在线观看| 又大又爽又粗| 老司机亚洲免费影院| 国产亚洲欧美在线一区二区| 国产高清国产精品国产三级| 国产又爽黄色视频| 久久这里只有精品19| 18禁观看日本| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 欧美激情久久久久久爽电影 | 国产成人av激情在线播放| 天天影视国产精品| 国产一区二区在线观看av| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 最新的欧美精品一区二区| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 免费女性裸体啪啪无遮挡网站| 在线观看舔阴道视频| 久久女婷五月综合色啪小说| 亚洲 欧美一区二区三区| 国产精品二区激情视频| 欧美一级毛片孕妇| 女人被躁到高潮嗷嗷叫费观| 最近最新免费中文字幕在线| 国产亚洲精品一区二区www | 国产精品一区二区在线不卡| 亚洲国产毛片av蜜桃av| 99香蕉大伊视频| 97精品久久久久久久久久精品| 黄色视频,在线免费观看| 我的亚洲天堂| 欧美黑人精品巨大| av片东京热男人的天堂| 国产一级毛片在线| 在线观看免费日韩欧美大片| 在线 av 中文字幕| 狠狠狠狠99中文字幕| 丰满少妇做爰视频| 欧美日韩中文字幕国产精品一区二区三区 | 别揉我奶头~嗯~啊~动态视频 | 日韩欧美免费精品| 免费在线观看日本一区| 日韩欧美一区视频在线观看| 99热网站在线观看| 美女视频免费永久观看网站| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合妖精| 中文字幕色久视频| 久久久久久久国产电影| 美女主播在线视频| 中文字幕制服av| 久热这里只有精品99| 免费久久久久久久精品成人欧美视频| 国产在线观看jvid| 一区二区av电影网| 精品国产超薄肉色丝袜足j| 永久免费av网站大全| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久久| 国产欧美日韩精品亚洲av| 丰满人妻熟妇乱又伦精品不卡| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂| 99香蕉大伊视频| 一边摸一边做爽爽视频免费| 中文字幕人妻丝袜制服| 一级毛片精品| 人妻一区二区av| 国产精品欧美亚洲77777| av在线老鸭窝| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| 欧美亚洲日本最大视频资源| 汤姆久久久久久久影院中文字幕| 老司机影院成人| 最近中文字幕2019免费版| 99久久99久久久精品蜜桃| 叶爱在线成人免费视频播放| 欧美乱码精品一区二区三区| 日韩欧美免费精品| 一本综合久久免费| 日韩视频一区二区在线观看| 国产亚洲精品一区二区www | 一本综合久久免费| 亚洲精品国产精品久久久不卡| 91大片在线观看| 久久久精品免费免费高清| 久久久久国产一级毛片高清牌| 国产成人系列免费观看| 成年女人毛片免费观看观看9 | 成年人黄色毛片网站| 啦啦啦啦在线视频资源| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 性色av一级| 两性夫妻黄色片| 国产精品一二三区在线看| 国产成人影院久久av| 建设人人有责人人尽责人人享有的| av网站免费在线观看视频| 国产精品1区2区在线观看. | 岛国毛片在线播放| 久久久久久久久免费视频了| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕| 欧美日韩亚洲国产一区二区在线观看 | 精品福利观看| 国产免费福利视频在线观看| www日本在线高清视频| 天天添夜夜摸| 国产成人精品久久二区二区免费| 日本黄色日本黄色录像| 50天的宝宝边吃奶边哭怎么回事| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 午夜成年电影在线免费观看| 精品视频人人做人人爽| av网站在线播放免费| 亚洲欧美色中文字幕在线| 国产区一区二久久| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| bbb黄色大片| 成人国产一区最新在线观看| 美女主播在线视频| 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 一区在线观看完整版| 黄色 视频免费看| 国产欧美日韩一区二区精品| 婷婷色av中文字幕| tocl精华| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 如日韩欧美国产精品一区二区三区| 动漫黄色视频在线观看| 两性夫妻黄色片| 蜜桃国产av成人99| 久久久国产成人免费| 老司机靠b影院| 99精品久久久久人妻精品| 亚洲国产成人一精品久久久| 欧美日韩福利视频一区二区| 天天躁夜夜躁狠狠躁躁| 亚洲国产av新网站| 97在线人人人人妻| 一本色道久久久久久精品综合| 搡老岳熟女国产| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 久久亚洲精品不卡| av一本久久久久| 黄片小视频在线播放| 精品国产乱子伦一区二区三区 | svipshipincom国产片| 蜜桃在线观看..|