新醫(yī)改方案

學(xué)習(xí)提示：

近日，國務(wù)院公布了新醫(yī)改方案，新方案歷經(jīng)三年醞釀、爭論終于正式公布?；貧w公益，推行全民醫(yī)?！箩t(yī)改突顯不少新變化，著力解決“看病難、看病貴”問題，帶動醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制全面改革。新方案一推出就引發(fā)各方熱議，其能否突破醫(yī)療問題困境需要時間來證明，本期以“醫(yī)改”為關(guān)鍵詞，解析相關(guān)詞匯。

全民醫(yī)保

Universal Health Care

新醫(yī)改意在逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，建立中國特色的醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生制度，于2020年實(shí)現(xiàn)全民醫(yī)保。

例句：China's planned health-care reforms are in line with principles of the World Health Organization to provide equal access to universal health care, WHO head Margaret Chan said.

世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事陳馮富珍表示中國的醫(yī)療改革計劃與世界衛(wèi)生組織倡導(dǎo)的人人享有全民醫(yī)保的原則一致。

Universal health care is health-care coverage that is extended to all eligible residents of a governmental region and often covers medical, dental, and mental health care.

全民醫(yī)保指一國行政區(qū)內(nèi)所有合法居民均享有的醫(yī)療保健，通常覆蓋醫(yī)療、牙齒以及精神健康保健。

公共服務(wù)

Public Service

新醫(yī)改方案堅持政府主導(dǎo)，國家承擔(dān)起全民基本醫(yī)療的責(zé)任，把基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度納入公共服務(wù)提供給全體公民，強(qiáng)化了政府責(zé)任與投入。

例句：The core principle of the health-care reform is to provide basic health care as a public service to the people, which strengthens government responsibility and requires much more government funding and supervision.

醫(yī)療改革的核心原則是將基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)作為公共服務(wù)提供給民眾，這將加強(qiáng)政府責(zé)任并要求更多的政府資金投入和監(jiān)管。

Public services is a term usually used to mean services provided by government to its citizens, either directly (through the public sector) or by financing private provision of services, which is a social consensus that certain services should be available to all, regardless of income.

公共服務(wù)通常用來表示由政府提供給公民的服務(wù)，（通過公共部門）直接提供或者通過資助私人服務(wù)供給，其是一項社會共識，即無論收入為多少，某些服務(wù)都應(yīng)為全體公眾所享有。

加成

Mark-up

新醫(yī)改方案將逐步取消15%的藥品加成，解決中國藥品、器械回扣問題，取消“以藥養(yǎng)醫(yī)”，實(shí)現(xiàn)“藥品零差價”。

例句：The new health-care plan calls for limiting the mark-up that hospitals and drug distributors can charge, and tries to regulate the price difference between patent and generic drugs.

新醫(yī)改方要求導(dǎo)限制醫(yī)院和藥商收取的藥品加成利潤，爭取控制專利藥和非專利藥物之間的差價。

China is also floating a new policy for medical devices that would limit the amount a manufacturer can mark up a product's price.

中國正在計劃實(shí)行針對醫(yī)療設(shè)備的新政策，限制生產(chǎn)商對某一產(chǎn)品的加價額度。

公立醫(yī)院

Public Hospital

公立醫(yī)院是新醫(yī)改中的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)，目前已推行試點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)制部分公立醫(yī)院為民營醫(yī)院，支持民營資本辦醫(yī)等措施。

例句：Public, non-profit hospitals will continue to be dominant providers of medical services, while more priority will be given to the development of community health centers and clinics in cities and rural areas.

公立、非贏利性醫(yī)院繼續(xù)是醫(yī)療服務(wù)的主要提供者，但是城市及鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的社區(qū)衛(wèi)生中心和診所將享受更多的優(yōu)先權(quán)。

Patients will be encouraged to use more community health centers and clinics, while public hospitals in big cities will be asked to provide more support to small, local hospitals in terms of personnel, expertise and equipment.

政府鼓勵病人多到社區(qū)醫(yī)院和診所就醫(yī)，而大城市中的公立醫(yī)院則需在人員、技能、設(shè)備方面進(jìn)一步支持小型的地方醫(yī)院。

手足口病

Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease

今春手足口疫情（HFMD）再度暴發(fā)，公共衛(wèi)生的防疫體系的薄弱再次引發(fā)整個社會的關(guān)注，新醫(yī)改如何解決基層疾控防疫體系的困境，實(shí)現(xiàn)“重治療”向“重預(yù)防”的轉(zhuǎn)變也是公眾密切關(guān)注的問題。

例句：China's disease control and prevention systems need more professional medical staff, better infrastructure, and more funds. And a deficient disease control and prevention system in rural areas could become a big obstacle to check the spread of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

中國的疾病控制和預(yù)防體系需要更專業(yè)的醫(yī)務(wù)人員、更好的醫(yī)療設(shè)施和更多的資金。農(nóng)村地區(qū)不完善的疾病控制和預(yù)防體系是檢測手足口病傳染情況的巨大阻礙。

Strict disinfection measures can effectively prevent the transmission of HFMD within hospital.

嚴(yán)格的消毒隔離措施可有效地預(yù)防手足口病在醫(yī)院內(nèi)的傳播。

活學(xué)活用

Eva: Hi, Tina, you know Guidelines on Deepening the Reform of the Health-care System has been issued, which had been debated for three years.

伊娃：嗨，蒂娜，你知道《深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革意見》已經(jīng)公布了，方案討論了三年之久。

Tina: Yeah, the health-care reform will alleviate the burden of medical costs, you know nowadays it is too difficult and expensive to see a doctor in China, especially for the poor.

蒂娜：是的，醫(yī)療改革將減輕中國人的醫(yī)藥負(fù)擔(dān)，你知道現(xiàn)在中國看病難、看病貴，尤其是對窮人來說。

Eva: That's right; the cost of health care is one of the biggest concerns for poor or even middle-income Chinese, whose savings can easily be wiped out if a family member falls seriously ill. Meanwhile, the public is so angry about the open secret that doctors get kickbacks from drug manufacturers for prescribing their drugs, which helps drive the reform.

伊娃：對，醫(yī)療費(fèi)用是中國窮人甚至中產(chǎn)階級重大擔(dān)憂之一，一個家人病重就能輕易花光家庭積蓄。與此同時，公眾對醫(yī)生通過使用某些制藥商的藥品而收取回扣這一公開的秘密感到憤怒，這推動了醫(yī)療改革。

Tina: Thus the new plan strengthens government responsibilities and provides more funding to make health services more effective and affordable.

蒂娜：因此這次新醫(yī)改就加強(qiáng)了政府責(zé)任，提供更多資金使醫(yī)療服務(wù)更加有效、實(shí)惠。

Eva: Whatever, as the world's most populous country, it's still exciting that she will have a basic and universal health-care system.

伊娃：不管怎么樣，作為世界人口最多的國家，中國將實(shí)現(xiàn)基本、全民醫(yī)療體系還是讓人興奮。