細(xì)說“ｍａｋｅ＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)

康俊民

在句子中，用來補充說明賓語的成分稱為賓語補足語。形容詞、動詞不定式、名詞、分詞等經(jīng)常充當(dāng)賓語補足語。英語中有些及物動詞接了賓語后，句子表達的意思還不是很完整，需要接賓語補足語來補充說明，以使句子意思表達完整明了。賓語和賓語補足語一起合稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。讓我們一起來總結(jié)一下“make+賓語+賓語補足語”的結(jié)構(gòu)吧。

一、make+賓語+形容詞

這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意思為“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。賓語補足語用來修飾事物的性質(zhì)或人所處的狀態(tài)。常用表示情感的happy，sad等或表示狀態(tài)的, strong, nervous等充當(dāng)賓補。例如：

The news made him very happy. 這個消息使他非常高興。

Too much wine makes men drunk. 喝太多的酒會使人醉的。

二、make+賓語+名詞

這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意思為“使……成為……”，“讓……當(dāng)……”。例如：

The movie made her a star. 那部電影使她成了明星。

They made Obama the president of the United States. 他們使奧巴馬成為美國總統(tǒng)。

三、make+賓語+過去分詞

在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語往往是反身代詞，賓語和賓語補足語之間是被動關(guān)系。例如：

I made myself understood by all the students in the low grades. 我得讓低年級的所有學(xué)生明白我的意思。

Can you make yourself understood in English？ 你能用英語清楚地表達你的意思嗎？

四、make+賓語+不定式

這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思為“(迫)使某人做某事”。make用作使役動詞，即意為“使得”時，后若接動詞不定式作賓語補足語，不定式符號to習(xí)慣上被省略。例如：

She always makes me laugh. 她總是讓我發(fā)笑。

The hostess made us all feel quite at home. 女主人讓我們感覺像在家里一樣。

特別提示： 在make sb. do sth的被動結(jié)構(gòu)中，要加上to，即sb. be made to do sth.。例如：

They were made to sit and wait for two hours. 他們被迫坐著等了兩個小時。

Children should be made to understand the importance of table manners. 應(yīng)該讓孩子們明白餐桌禮儀的重要性。

五、make+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞

這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意思為“使(讓)某人一直處于某種狀態(tài)”。后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，表示動作正在發(fā)生或進行?，F(xiàn)在分詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如：

His mother made him standing all the time. 他的媽媽讓他一直站著。

【真題演練】

（ ）1． Li Leis words made her _______.（2007山東濟南）

A. happily B. angrily C. cryingD. angry

（ ）2． —How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?

—It makes me _______ very proud. (2008湖北黃岡)

A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel

（ ）3． Alice was ill. She was made ______ some medicine. (2008山東萊州)

A. take B. to take

C. taking D. taken

（ ）4. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very ______. (2008重慶市）

A. interest B. interests

C. interesting D. interested

（ ）5. This photo often makes meof my teachers in the primary school. (2007吉林)

A. think B. to think

C. thinks D. thinking

（ ）6. —You look sad, Kate.

—Yeah, I have made mistakes in my report. (2007湖北武漢)

A. a little B. little C. a few D. few

（ ）7. Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make themhow much they mean to us. (2007黑龍江哈爾濱)

A. to know B. knowing C. know

（ ）8. —Whats your brother doing in his room now?

—Hea kite. (2006北京)

A. makes B. made

C. is making D. will make