新目標(biāo)七年級下Ｕｎｉｔｓ５－６詞語辨析

張　慶

Unit 5

1. see/look/watch/read

我們平常說看報紙，而在英語中表示看的單詞有很多，那么我們究竟用哪個?是look, see，watch，還是read呢?

[一語擊破]

see是指自然而然地看，強調(diào)看的結(jié)果，不可用進行時態(tài)。

look是指想看而向目標(biāo)看去，強調(diào)看的過程，可用進行時。如：

Jane looked at the blackboard but could not see the words clearly.

簡看著黑板但看不清上面的字。

watch是指注意看，尤其指看動的東西，如：看電視、看比賽。

read是閱讀，如看文章等。

[鞏固精練]

用see, look, watch或read填空：

1. Can you ____ the words on the blackboard？They are so small.

2. ____!There is a little sheep on the hill.

3. They are going to ____ a football match this Sunday.

4. ——What are you doing? ——Im ____ a novel.

Key:1.see2.Look3.watch4.reading

2. talk to/talk about

Why are the men talking to the policeman?

這些人為什么同警察談話?

Talk about this picture, and ask a friend questions about it.

看圖說話，請就這張圖畫向一位朋友問幾個問題。

[詞義辨析]

(1) talk to表示“與……交談”的意思，后面跟談話的對象，用作賓語，介詞to可換成with(用with是美國英語)。例如：

He is talking to/with a comrade. 他在和一位同志談話。

(2) talk about表示“談”，“談?wù)摗钡囊馑迹竺娓勗挼膬?nèi)容，可用人或物作賓語。例如：

The children are talking about a film. 孩子們在談?wù)撘徊侩娪啊?/p>

[鞏固精練]

用talk to或talk about填空：

1. What are you ____?

2. I want to ____ you about a very important matter.

3. People are beginning to ____ him.

4. He is ____ writing a play for children.

5. Work in pairs and ____ these pictures.

Key:1.talking about 2.talk to 3.talk about/to 4.talking about 5.talk about

Unit 6

1. study/learn

[一語擊破]

A.這兩個動詞都作“學(xué)習(xí)”解，有時可以互換使用。例如：

He is learning/studying English now. 現(xiàn)在他在學(xué)習(xí)英語。

B.learn 往往指通過學(xué)習(xí)、練習(xí)或由教授以獲得某種知識或技能，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的成果，有“學(xué)會”，“學(xué)到”的意思。study 通常指比較深入地學(xué)習(xí)，含有努力去學(xué)的意味，它側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，有“研究”，“鉆研”的意思。例如：

He studies hard and he will surely learn the language.

他努力學(xué)習(xí)，一定會學(xué)會這門語言。

注意：“向某人學(xué)習(xí)”應(yīng)該說learn from sb., 不能用study。例如：

Learn from Lei Feng. 向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)。

由learn 構(gòu)成的詞組有：learn by oneself 自學(xué)， learn…by heart把……背下來，牢記。

[鞏固精練]

用study 或learn填空：

1. The boy ____ to swim now.

2. ____ hard, work hard, do better every day.

3. The general(將軍) ____ a map in the room now.

4. We are going to ____ a new lesson this week.

5. We should ____ from each other.

Key:1.is learning 2.Study 3.is studying 4.learn/study 5.learn

2. surprised/surprising

[一語擊破]

這兩個詞都可以用作形容詞，表示“驚奇的”之意，但各自的含義不同。

A.surprised 表示人因為突然或意想不到的情況而感到驚奇，作“驚奇的”、“意外的”解，其后常接at sth./sb. 或接不定式、that從句，表示原因。如：

We were surprised at him/his behaviour.

我們對他（對他的行為）感到詫異。

I was surprised to hear that he failed in the exam.

我聽說他考試不及格，感到意外。

B.surprising表示某事物引起或使得他人驚奇的意思，作“使人驚奇的”、“出人意料的”解。如:

It is not surprising that Robert got fired.

羅伯特被解雇了，這沒有什么可大驚小怪的。

[鞏固精練]

用surprised 或surprising填空

1. He looked ____ to see Cassie standing by the front door.

2. Dont be ____ if the interviewer is rather direct.

3. She told me a ____ thing.

4. Its ____ how quickly you get used to things.

Key:1.surprised 2.surprised 3.surprising 4.surprising

3．everyone/every one

[一語擊破]

everyone=everybody 意為“每個人”，“大家”，其后不跟of 引起的介詞短語。every one意為“每個（人或物）”，具體指什么要看后面of 短語的內(nèi)容。如果后面沒有of 短語，要用everyone 表示人, every one 表示物。

[鞏固精練]

用everyone或 every one 填空：

1. ____ of the children enjoys reading picture books.

2. I would like ____ to be happy.

3. ____ of the books is very useful.

4. Tell me their address. Ill put ____ down in my notebook.

Key:1.Every one 2.everyone 3.Every one4.everyone